| 1. |
- Moore, Jason W., 1971-
(författare)
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Environmental crises and the metabolic rift in world-historical perspective
- 2000
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Ingår i: Organization & environment. - 1086-0266 .- 1552-7417. ; 13:2, s. 123-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article proposes a new theoretical framework to study the dialectic of capital and nature over the longue durée of world capitalism. The author proposes that today’s global ecological crisis has its roots in the transition to capitalism during the long sixteenth century. The emergence of capitalism marked not only a decisive shift in the arenas of politics, economy, and society, but a fundamental reorganization of world ecology, characterized by a “metabolic rift,” a progressively deepening rupture in the nutrient cycling between the country and the city. Building upon the historical political economy of Marx, Foster, Arrighi, and Wallerstein, the author proposes a new research agenda organized around the concept of systemic cycles of agro-ecological transformation. This agenda aims at discerning the ways in which capitalism’s relationship to nature developed discontinuously over time as recurrent ecological crises have formed a decisive moment of world capitalist crisis, forcing successive waves of restructuring over long historical time.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Moore, Jason W., 1971-
(författare)
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The end of the road? : agricultural revolutions in the capitalist World-ecology, 1450-2010
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Agrarian Change. - : Wiley - Blackwell. - 1471-0358 .- 1471-0366. ; 10:3, s. 389-413
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Does the present socio-ecological impasse – captured in popular discussions of the ‘end’ of cheap food and cheap oil – represent the latest in a long history of limits and crises that have been transcended by capital, or have we arrived at an epochal turning point in the relation of capital, capitalism and agricultural revolution? For the better part of six centuries, the relation between world capitalism and agriculture has been a remarkable one. Every great wave of capitalist development has been paved with ‘cheap’ food. Beginning in the long sixteenth century, capitalist agencies pioneered successive agricultural revolutions, yielding a series of extraordinary expansions of the food surplus. This paper engages the crisis of neoliberalism today, and asks: Is another agricultural revolution, comparable to those we have known in the history of capitalism, possible? Does the present conjuncture represent a developmental crisis of capitalism that can be resolved by establishing new agro-ecological conditions for another long wave of accumulation, or are we now witnessing an epochal crisis of capitalism? These divergent possibilities are explored from a perspective that views capitalism as ‘world-ecology’, joining together the accumulation of capital and the production of nature in dialectical unity.
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| 5. |
- Moore, Jason W., 1971-
(författare)
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'Amsterdam is Standing on Norway', Part I : The Alchemy of Capital, Empire and Nature in the Diaspora of Silver, 1545–1648
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Agrarian Change. - 1471-0358 .- 1471-0366. ; 10:1, s. 33-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the first of two essays in this Journal, I seek to unify the historicalgeography of early modern ‘European expansion’ (Iberia and Latin America)with the environmental history of the ‘transition to capitalism’ (northwestern Europe). The expansion of Europe’s overseas empires and the transitions to capitalism within Europe were differentiated moments within the geographicalexpansion of commodity production and exchange – what I call the commodityfrontier. This essay is developed in two movements. Beginning with a conceptual and methodological recasting of the historical geography of the rise of capitalism,I offer an analytical narrative that follows the early modern diaspora of silver.This account follows the political ecology of silver production and trade from the Andes to Spain in Braudel’s ‘second’ sixteenth century (c. 1545–1648). In highlighting the Ibero-American moment of this process in the present essay, Icontend that the spectacular reorganization of Andean space and the progressive dilapidation of Spain’s real economy not only signified the rise and demise of a trans-Atlantic, Iberian ecological regime, but also generated the historicallynecessary conditions for the unprecedented concentration of accumulation andcommodity production in the capitalist North Atlantic in the centuries thatfollowed.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Fjæstad, Maja, 1976-
(författare)
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Visionen om outtömlig energi : Bridreaktorn i svensk kärnkraftshistoria 1945–80
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The fast breeder is a type of nuclear reactor that aroused much attention in the 1950s and 60s. Its ability to produce more nuclear fuel than it consumes offered promises of cheap and reliable energy, and thereby connected it to utopian ideas about an eternal supply of energy. Furthermore, the ideas of breeder reactors were a vital part of the post-war visions about the nuclear future. This dissertation investigates the plans for breeder reactors in Sweden, connecting them to the contemporary development of nuclear power with heavy or light water and the discussions of nuclear weapons, as well as to the general visions of a prosperous technological future. The history of the Swedish breeder reactor is traced from high hopes in the beginning, via the fiasco of the Swedish heavy water program, partly focusing on the activities at the company AB Atomenergi and investigating how it planned and argued for its breeder program and how this was received by the politicians. The story continues into the intensive environmental movement in the 1970s, ending with the Swedish referendum on nuclear energy in 1980, which can be seen as the final point for the Swedish breeder. The thesis discusses how the nuclear breeder reactor was transformed from an argument for nuclear power to an argument against it. The breeder began as a part of the vision of a society with abundant energy, but was later seen as a threat against the new sustainable world. The nuclear breeder reactor is an example of a technological vision that did not meet its industrial expectations. But that does not prevent the fact that breeder was an influential technology in an age where import decisions about nuclear energy were made. The thesis argues that important decisions about the contemporary reactors were taken with the idea that they in a foreseeable future would be replaced with the efficient breeder. And the last word on the breeder reactor is not said – today, reactor engineers around the world are showing a renewed interest in this elusive reactor type.
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| 8. |
- Avango, Dag, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Inledning
- 2012
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Ingår i: Bebyggelsehistorisk tidskrift. - 0349-2834. ; :63
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Karivieri, Arja
(författare)
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Olaus Magnus the Goth on Fire, Light and Lighting Devices of the Northern People
- 2019
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Ingår i: Glass, wax and metal. - Oxford : Archaeopress. - 9781789692167 ; , s. 32-38
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Olaus Magnus, Archbishop of Uppsala, published Historia de Gentibus Septentrionalibus in Rome in 1555. This encyclopedic, illustrated work on the customs and history of the Nordic people became popular and it was translated into several European languages during the following decades. In this article, a special focus is given to the various instances where Olaus Magnus comments on fire, light and lighting devices in Scandinavia, such as the symbolic meaning of fire and light at wedding ceremonies, lighting the guild feasts, light in Christian processions and in the church, lighting in wintertime, light and fire in summertime, fire and lights during warfare, birds and lights, and fishing by means of fire.Finally, the evidence provided by Olaus Magnus is compared with other sources, and what archival sources reveal about the use of light and lighting devices at Häme and Turku Castles in Finland during the same period.
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| 11. |
- Nyberg, Kenneth, 1971
(författare)
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Världscirkeln sluts
- 2014
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Ingår i: Maria Sjöberg (red.), En samtidig världshistoria. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9789144074375 ; , s. 588-610
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stillahavsområdets historia 1500–1800: Under stora delar av perioden fungerade Stilla havet i huvudsak fortfarande som sammanbindande på lokal och regional nivå snarare än transocean. De förbindelser som förekom var likväl mycket viktiga och bestod under större delen av perioden främst av de spanska silvergaljonerna mellan Manila i Filippinerna och Acapulco i Mexico. De var en del i den globala handeln och även viktiga för det kulturella och biologiska utbytet i form av människor, grödor och sjukdomar mellan Europa, Amerika, Oceanien, Asien och Afrika.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Egan Sjölander, Annika, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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Motorspriten kommer! : en historia om etanol och andra alternativa drivmedel
- 2014
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Motorspriten kommer! löd budskapet i början av 1900-talet. Liknande utfästelser om alternativa drivmedel har gång på gång hörts genom historien. Men de oljebaserade bränslena har behållit sitt grepp om transportsystemet, trots att de alltid ansetts problematiska. Varför?Den här boken handlar om olika försök att utveckla och förverkliga alternativ till oljebaserade drivmedel i Sverige. Den spänner över ett drygt sekel, från slutet av 1800-talet och framåt, och behandlar bland annat sulfitsprit, syntetisk bensin, gengas, metanol och den första och andra generationens etanol. I fokus står motiven bakom dessa alternativ varför de har ansetts angelägna och önskvärda liksom de problem och strukturella hinder som de har mött och alltjämt fortsätter att möta. Boken ger historiska och medievetenskapliga perspektiv på de pågående försöken till en omställning på drivmedelsområdet och bidrar till kunskap av värde för såväl beslutsfattare som allmänhet.Boken bygger på forskning som utfördes inom det tvärvetenskapliga projektet Framtidens drivmedel? Biobränslen i historisk och kulturell belysning. Den är skriven av samtliga forskare i projektet Annika Egan Sjölander, Helena Ekerholm, Jenny Eklöf, Erland Mårald, Christer Nordlund och Bosse Sundin i samarbete med Henrik Lång.
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| 14. |
- Moore, Jason W., 1971-
(författare)
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Nature and the transition from feudalism to capitalism
- 2003
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Ingår i: Review: A Journal of the Fernand Braudel Center. - 0147-9032. ; 26:2, s. 97-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An epochal transformation of nature-society relations was inscribed in the transition from feudalism to capitalism. This article advances three central propositions. First, the origins of today’s global ecological crisis are found in the emergence of the capitalist world-economy in the “long” sixteenth century - not in industrialization, population growth, or market expansion, as the conventional wisdom would have it. Secondly, the crisis of feudalism was a general crisis not only of medieval Europe’s political economy, but in equal measure an expression of feudalism’s underlying ecological contradictions. Thirdly, the rise of capitalism effected a radical recomposition of world ecology. As early as the sixteenth century, we can see how the emergent logic of capital, which at once implies endless expansion and seeks to flatten socio-ecological diversity, undermined the possibilities for a sustainable relation between nature and society. Capitalism thus differed radically from feudalism and all other precapitalist formations. Where earlier ecological crises had been local, capitalism globalized them. From this standpoint, the origins of capitalism may shed light on today’s ecological crises.
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| 15. |
- Kardell, Örjan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Skogsgödslingen i backspegeln : debatten om storskogsbrukets kvävegödsling i Sverige ca 1960-2009
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the mid-1960s, fertilization (with nitrogen) had a breakthrough as a forest management method in Swedish company owned forests. The activity grew and peaked during the 1970s but then lost ground and stabilized on a low level in the 1990s and early 2000s. Over the last five years, however, interest in fertilizing Swedish forests has increased again. In this article factors that have shaped these fluctuations are explored. A specific task is to investigate to what extent the fluctuations correlate with debates on environmental issues. Furthermore, conflicting “fundamental ideas” within interest groups, representing forestry and the environmental movement respectively, are identified and analyzed. The study thus sheds some light on how the relationship between forestry and the environmental movement has evolved, from the 1960s until today.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Holm, Olof, 1973-
(författare)
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Hyveljärn eller samisk skinnskrapa? Ett gåtfullt eggverktyg från järnåldern
- 2016
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Ingår i: Arkeologi i norr. - 0284-558X. ; 15, s. 63-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Plane Iron or Sámi Hide Scraper? A Puzzling Edge Tool from the Iron Age This article addresses the function, use and ethnic affiliation of small iron edge tools of type Rygh 416 (reproduced by O. Rygh in Norske Oldsager in 1885). These are known from many excavated graves and settlement sites especially in Mid-Scandinavia, mainly dating from the Migration and Merovingian Periods (fifth/sixth–eighth centuries AD), but also from at least two places further to the south: the centres for shipbuilding, trade and crafts at Lundeborg on Funen and Paviken on Gotland. The author rejects the possibility that this kind of tool was used as a hide scraper, with a transverse shaft of wood, as recently proposed. Several characteristics of the edge tools found, together with their find contexts, strongly conflict with this notion. Instead the author adheres to the traditional opinion that it is probably a matter of a North-European type of plane iron, although no complete plane with such an iron has been found so far. Possible applications may have been the manufacture of ships at places such as Lundeborg and Paviken, and skis and sledges in Mid-Scandinavia.Arguments are also put forward rejecting another conclusion drawn in recent research, namely that this kind of tool represents a specific Sámi material culture. The tool is in fact known from a number of disparate milieus. Thus, it is likely to have been used across ethnic barriers – in so far it is possible to speak about such barriers in Scandinavia during the period in question.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Foka, Anna, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction to the DHQ Special Issue : Digital Technology in the Study of the Past
- 2018
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Ingår i: Digital Humanities Quarterly. - Boston : Alliance for Digital Humanities Organisations. - 1938-4122. ; 12:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital technology is transforming the assemblage and dissemination of historical information. Museums, libraries, archives, and universities increasingly modify their digital research infrastructures in order to make data open and available (see [Crane, Seales, and Terras 2009]; [Smithies 2014]; [Terras, Nyhan, and Vanhoutte 2013]; cf [Foka et al. 2017]). The imminent assessment and representation of historical data has admittedly challenged the boundaries of historical knowledge and generated new research questions [Drucker 2013] [Nygren, Foka, and Buckland 2014] #nygren2016 [Westin 2014] #westin2015[Chapman, Foka, and Westin 2016] [Foka and Arvidsson 2016]. The process of reconstructing, visualizing and rendering historical data has equally developed together with technology [Westin, Foka, and Chapman 2018]. This is the case in both academic and heritage contexts and in less immediately obvious popular uses, such as the increasingly significant presence and use of history within video games [Chapman 2016]. Regardless of specific context, as this collection of articles shows, the process of digitally capturing and representing historical data is often analogous to and determined by the digital platform used.
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| 21. |
- Lindkvist, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Intensive Forestry as Progress or Decay? : An Analysis of the Debate about Forest Fertilization in Sweden, 1960–2010
- 2011
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Ingår i: Forests. - : MDPI Publishing. - 1999-4907. ; 2:1, s. 112-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the mid-1960s, fertilization (with nitrogen) had a breakthrough as a promising forest management method in Swedish company owned forests. The activity grew and peaked during the 1970s but then lost ground and stabilized at a low level in the 1990s and early 2000s. Over the last five years, however, interest in fertilizing Swedish forests has increased again. In this article both the forestry industry’s, and the environmental movement’s, attitudes toward forest fertilization over time are investigated. Furthermore, conflicting persistent ideas about nature and future, i.e., “figures of thought”, within interest groups, representing forestry and the environmental movement respectively, are identified and analyzed in relation to the debate on fertilization. The analysis reveals mainly three figures of thought that have influenced this debate during the period, “the idea of progress”, “the idea of decay” and “the idea of the great chain of being”. The study thus sheds light on how the relationship between forestry and the environmental movement has evolved from the 1960s until today and uncovers thought patterns that have stood, and continue to stand, in opposition to one another.
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| 22. |
- Elenius, Lars, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Minoritetsspråk och myndighetskontakt : flerspråkighet bland användare av samiska, meänkieli och finska i Norrbottens län efter minoritetsspråklagarnas tillkomst 2000
- 2002
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I undersökningen har två intervjuundersökningar gjorts med minoritetsspråksanvändare i Kiruna, Pajala och Haparande kommun. I den ena har direktintervjuer gjorts med 79 individer i de tre kommunerna. I den andra har telefonintervjuer gjorts med 42 individer som representerar föreningar och organisatoner i området, samt med 10 representatner för myndigheter.Språkanvändningen har undersökts på individnivå, gruppnivå och samhällsnivå med största fokus på individnivån. För att analysera hur samiska, meänkieli och finska använts i kontakter med myndigheter har ett helhetsperspektiv anlagts på språkanvändningen. Det betyder att både privata och offentliga språkdomäner undersökts. Materialet har sedan analyserats med avseende på hur de språkliga minoriteterna i området har använt sig av minoritetsspråklagarna utifrån de tre kriterierna identitet, deltagande och effektivitet.Syftet med studien har varit att utreda varför språkanvändarna i så liten utsträckning har använt sig av de möjligheter som lagarna innebär. En generell frågeställning är om det finns en avgörande skillnad i myndigheternas sätt att betrakta användningen av ett minoritetsspråk i offentliga och formella sammanhang, jämfört med de enskilda individernas sätt att se på minoritetsspråkets nvändning, främst då i kontakterna med olika offentliga organ.
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| 23. |
- Eriksson, Sören
(författare)
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Näringsliv
- 2007
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Ingår i: Jönköpings kommuns historia. - Lund : Historiska Media. - 9789185507207
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 24. |
- Sjöblom, Gustav, 1976-
(författare)
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Systemutveckling och långtidsplanering vid SAS Data i Stockholm, 1964–1982 : Transkript av ett vittnesseminarium vid Tekniska museet i Stockholm den 5 december 2007
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The witness seminar ”Systemutveckling och långtidsplanering vid SAS Data i Stockholm, 1964–1982” [Systems development and long-range planning at SAS Data Services in Stockholm, 1964–1982] took place at Tekniska museet [The National Museum of Science and Technology] in Stockholm on 5 December 2007 and was led by Gustav Sjöblom. SAS was a pioneer in advanced computer systems development, beginning with the development of the reservations system in Copenhagen in the late 1950s. Computer systems development was initially carried out in the individual departments of SAS, but in 1963–64 SAS Data Services was established as a separate department directly under the CEO – rather than as a part of the financial department which was customary at the time – by bringing in staff with experience of rationalisation and computing from different departments within SAS. SAS Data Services was geographically divided with major offices in Copenhagen and Stockholm and a smaller office in Oslo. The theme of the witness seminar was the work carried out in Stockholm, where the department initially specialized in systems development and long-range planning, while operations and programming was based in Copenhagen. The Stockholm group soon embarked upon an ambitious and holistic plan for improving SAS operations by means of a large number of integrated computer systems such as MATS for Material Supply and Inventory Control, MOPS for Maintenance Overhaul and Planning, RES for Reservations, LOCS for Load Control and Planning and OPS for Operational Planning and Control. Although the individual systems were cutting-edge and considerable in size, what made SAS stand out was the consistency in systems planning and the integration of different systems into a long-range plan and into the core of SAS business management.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- von Arbin, Staffan, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Tracing Trade Routes: Examining the Cargo of the 15th-Century Skaftö Wreck
- 2022
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nautical Archaeology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1057-2414 .- 1095-9270. ; 51:1, s. 112-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Skaftö wreck of c.1440, situated north of Gothenburg, Sweden, was investigated between the years 2005 and 2009. Investigations revealed a variety of cargoes, such as copper and speiss ingots, barrels with lime and tar, bricks and roof tiles, and oak timber in the form of planks and boards. In order to identify the different cargo types found on the wreck, and, possibly, establish their geographical origin, a variety of analytical methods have been utilized. The present study accounts for the archaeological investigations of the cargo and for the analyses that have been conducted to date. Results are compared to and discussed in relation to other contemporaneous source material, both historical and archaeological. Based on this examination, it is concluded that the vessel was heading from the southeastern corner of the Baltic Sea, most likely Danzig (Gdańsk), aiming for the Western European market, possibly Bruges.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Chapman, Adam, et al.
(författare)
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What is historical game studies?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Rethinking history. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1364-2529 .- 1470-1154. ; 21:3, s. 358-371
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Daly, Aoife, et al.
(författare)
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Neptunus and To Løver : An Archaeological, Archival, and Dendrochronological Survey of Two Danish Prize Ships, Scuttled in the Stockholm Archipelago in 1659
- 2024
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Ingår i: Acta Archaeologica. - 0065-101X .- 1600-0390. ; 94:1, s. 176-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the archaeological survey, dendrochronological analysis, and archival research concerning two shipwrecks located in shallow waters outside Vaxholm in the Stockholm Archipelago, Baltic Sea. According to oral tradition, the two wrecks are the remains of Neptunus and To Løver, two former Danish warships that were taken as prizes at the battle of Fehmarn in 1644. The Swedish navy then used the two ships until 1659, when they were reportedly scuttled as a blockage along the sea route towards Stockholm. Before being intentionally scuttled, the two ships drifted away and sank. The work presented in this article confirms the substance of the tradition and reports that substantial portions of the two ships are preserved. Moreover, the two wrecks shed light on the scuttling process and the construction of an underwater barrier.
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| 33. |
- Bornmalm, Lennart, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Ståltrålare från DDR i nordiska farvatten
- 2023
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Ingår i: Publicerad i Ståltrålare del II 1966-1980, 30-74. - Göteborg : Länspumpen Sjöfartshistorisk Förening. - 9789152787663
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Funke, Michael, 1966-
(författare)
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Johan Victor Svenson
- 2017
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Ingår i: Svenskt biografiskt lexikon. - Stockholm : Riksarkivet. ; , s. 628-631
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Biografisk artikel om industrialisten och uppfinnaren John Victor Svenson
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| 37. |
- Sjöblom, Gustav, 1976-
(författare)
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IT-konsultbranschens uppkomst och tillväxt, 1964–1985 : Transkript av ett vittnesseminarium vid Tekniska museet i Stockholm den 1 april 2008
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The witness seminar ”The rise and expansion of IT consulting, 1964–1985” took place at The National Museum of Science and Technology in Stockholm on 1 April 2008 and was led by Gunnar Hesse. The panel consisted of representatives of many of the pioneers in Swedish IT consulting, including Lars Irstad, who founded the industry leader Programator in 1964; Lars Spångberg who founded RIAB as an offshoot of the Federation of Swedish Industry in 1968; Thord Wilkne, one of two founders of WM-data in 1969; Göran Garvner who founded Modulföretagen in 1972; Per Olof Persson, a leading figure in Statskonsult, the state-owned firm that was the biggest IT consultancy in Sweden in the 1970s; Kaj Green, the first CEO of Cap Gemini Sweden; Leif Nobel, CEO of Data Logic from 1979, and Hans G. Wahlberg, one of the founders of Enator in 1977. The seminar was divided in three parts. The first dealt with the period of early entrepreneurship up to c. 1975. It was agreed that there was no shortage of demand for consulting services and that the main challenge consisted in recruiting skilled personnel and managing them. The second part dealt with the expansion that set in from the mid-1970s. Here it was agreed that the management of knowledge workers still constituted the single biggest challenge, followed by the need to establish consistency in method. At this point a divergence in business strategy can be seen. WM-data became a provider of American standard applications in order to tie the customer base more tightly. Programator were successful in the minicomputing market and established joint ventures with several large companies, in effect taking over their IT departments. Enator moved up the value chain and aimed at integrating management consulting and IT consulting. By 1985 all the major companies were listed at the stock exchange and the industry may be described as well-established.
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| 38. |
- Sjöblom, Gustav, 1976-
(författare)
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Standardekonomisystem för stordatorer – EPOK, EPOS & FACTS, 1969–1986 : Transkript av ett vittnesseminarium vid Tekniska museet i Stockholm den 29 januari 2008
- 2008
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The witness seminar ”Standardekonomisystem för stordatorer – EPOK, EPOS och FACTS, 1969–1986” [Standard accounting information systems for mainframe computers – EPOK, EPOS and FACTS, 1969–1986] took place at The National Museum of Science and Technology in Stockholm on 29 January 2008 and was led by Gunnar Hesse. In the early years of computing accounting information systems were tailor-made for each customer. In the early 1970s increased demand for financial knowledge coincided with new capabilities in database technology and the first standard applications appeared on the Swedish market. On the basis of the successful service bureau system Bore, IBM Sweden developed FACTS, launched in 1975 and later rebranded FMS for the international market. The second standard accounting information system to appear in Sweden was EPOS, developed by the consultancy RIAB in co-operation with the Swedish association of slaughterhouses and sold in the market from 1976. The third system, EPOK, was developed by the computing division of the building materials group Euroc by a group of controllers and computer technicians in close cooperation and marketed externally from 1977. A fourth actor represented in the seminar was the IT consultancy WM-data, which after a short attempt at in-house development settled in 1981 for importing American accounting systems to support their consulting business. Differences in systems design, customer orientation and business strategy were discussed at length. It was concluded that while the initial software development was very successful, all providers ran into a similar set of limitations of the market: the small number of companies capable of investing in a mainframe computer system, the divergent business interests and business cultures of different actors, the lack of de facto standardization because of customization of systems and a wide range of technical platforms, and the difficulty of expanding abroad in a fragmented market.
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| 39. |
- Sjöblom, Gustav, 1976-
(författare)
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Standardisering och integration av datasystem inom godstransportbranschen, 1970–1985 : Transkript av ett vittnesseminarium vid Flygfältsbyrån i Göteborg den 11 mars 2008
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The witness seminar ”Standardisation and integration of computer systems in the freight transport industry, 1970–1985” took place at Flygfältsbyrån in Göteborg on 11 March 2008 and was led by Anders Svedberg. The panel consisted of providers of transport services (shipping, forwarding) as well as their customers (mainly Volvo) and representatives of academia and the Göteborg region. The seminar dealt with the rise of information systems in the transport business from a user perspective. The discussion centred on the difficulty of coordination and standardization in a business which needs to integrate a large number of actors with divergent interests. The computerization strategies of the two leading Göteborg shipping companies, Broströms and Transatlantic, were discussed in some detail, as was Volvo’s efforts to integrate the information systems in their supply chain A main theme was that logistical visions and the availability of information technology solutions were often out of step, the one sometimes being ahead of the other with interchanging roles over time. A second theme was the existence of practical obstacles to the implementation of open or integrated computer systems, or more generally to advanced logistical solutions: business strategies which often favoured unique solutions, lack of coordination, and a shortage of funds in a business which generally was not highly profitable. It was nevertheless concluded that as a result of a farsighted perspective among sellers and buyers of transport, academic experts and the public authorities, Sweden in general and the Göteborg region in particular, acquired a leading position in the development of materials administration and logistics and the concomitant information systems as well as education in these fields.
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| 40. |
- Sjöblom, Gustav, 1976-
(författare)
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Varuhushandelns datorisering före 1980 : Transkript av ett vittnesseminarium vid Tekniska museet i Stockholm den 29 september 2008
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The witness seminar ”The computerization of the department stores” took place at the National Museum of Science and Technology in Stockholm on 29 September 2008 and was led by Gustav Sjöblom. The panel was composed of representatives of four major Swedish department store chains (Turitz & Co, Åhléns, KF, and IKEA) as well as representatives of two suppliers of cash registers (IBM and ADS Anker). The seminar was divided into two parts, the first dealing with the initial period up to c. 1975, when mainframe computers were introduced to rationalize back office functions such as ordering, invoicing and the production of documents. The second part dealt with the development from the early 1970s, when computers were introduced into the stores. Turitz was an early and successful user of order systems and direct measurement at the counter. Åhléns was a pioneer in OCR-reading and the use of in-house terminals for ordering, which was deemed so successful that the computerization of the checkouts was delayed until the 1980s. KF appointed a group to deal with the department stores from 1968 and began full-scale computerization with the KAP system for furniture sales in 1975. IKEA was a late starter in the use of computers, but had a rapid and successful systems development from c. 1968, culminating in the KTS system developed between 1975 and 1977.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- von Arbin, Staffan, 1972
(författare)
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Carl Douglas (red.), Vrak: Havets rika historia, med bidrag av Mirja Arnshav, Carl Douglas, Niklas Eriksson, Björn Hagberg, Jim Hansson, Fred Hocker, Patrik Höglund, Catharina Ingelman-Sundberg, Sara Rich, Johan Rönnby, Ingvar Sjöblom, Carl Thompson och Martin Widman (Stockholm: Bokförlaget Max Ström, 2023), 222 s.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Forum navale. - 0280-6215 .- 2002-0015. ; :81, s. 191-194
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 43. |
- von Arbin, Staffan, 1972
(författare)
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Medieval boat and ship finds from the former Norwegian province of Bohuslän: presentation and analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Revue de l'Archéologie du Bateau. - 2728-0861 .- 2728-4751. ; 3, s. 9-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper seeks to present, analyse, and discuss the entire body of medieval boat- and shipwreck data from the former Norwegian province of Bohuslän in present-day Sweden. This data currently comprises 11 wrecks dating between the 1230s and the first part of the 1500s. The analysis focuses on the questions of dating, building technique, hull size, provenance, and findspot. The results show that the vast majority of these wrecks constitute the remains of large sea-going vessels from Central and Western Europe, which underlines the growing importance of the Bohuslän coast as a transit route for international trade during this period. Another major finding, discussed in the present paper, is the fact that the bulk of the wrecked vessels is located in what may be defined as harbour or ‘near harbour’ contexts.
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| 44. |
- von Arbin, Staffan, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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The Marstrand Cannon: The earliest evidence of shipboard artillery in Europe?
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Mariner's Mirror. - 0025-3359 .- 2049-680X. ; 109:3, s. 260-282
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Current knowledge concerning the introduction of shipboard artillery in Europe is limited. A small, muzzle-loading cast copper-alloy gun recovered off Marstrand on the west coast of Sweden may, however, provide some important leads regarding this development. Radiocarbon analysis of a piece of cloth from the powder chamber, possibly the remains of a cartouche, suggests a date for the cannon in the fourteenth century, making it probably the earliest example of European shipboard artillery found so far. In this paper we give an account of our recent investigations of this important find, which also include a geochemical analysis of the metal used for the casting of the gun.
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| 45. |
- Lundin, Per, 1971-
(författare)
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Documenting the Use of Computers in Swedish Society between 1950 and 1980 : Final Report on the Project “From Computing Machines to IT”
- 2009
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This final report contextualizes, describes, and evaluates the project “From Computing Machines to IT,” which was carried out during 2007–8 as a collaboration between the Swedish Computer Society, the Division of History of Science and Technology at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), and the National Museum of Science and Technology. The project aimed to create, collect, preserve, and disseminate sources on how computing shaped and transformed Swedish society between 1950 and 1980. For this purpose, it adopted a user-centered perspective on the history of computing. In the project, more than 160 interviews were conducted, almost 50 witness seminars were arranged, and about 230 autobiographies were acquired with the help of traditional questionnaires as well as an Internet-based collection of memories (the Writers’ Web). The created sources consist of more than eight thousand pages of text. All in all, nearly seven hundred people contributed with their stories. The contacts with these people generated, in turn, several donations of archival records, artifacts, movies, and photographs. In this final report, it is noted that a shift toward a more elaborated user perspective has followed with the growing interest in the recent historiography of computing to understand “how computing has changed the world.” Also discussed in the report is how the user concept has been understood by scholars, and it is pointed out that the literature on users fails to acknowledge two categories of users: those not involved in technological invention and innovation, and those empowered by government or corporations with the authority to adapt technology to fit their needs. It is argued that mainly the latter group, which is denoted “elite” users, has had the power to shape major historical transformations. It is concluded that the project mainly has aimed to document the actions of elite users. Earlier international documentation efforts in the history of computing are, furthermore, surveyed, and it is pointed out that these have mainly focused on documenting the role of pioneers in computing technology and largely ignored the users of computing technology. Thus, the research tools and methods that they have developed, used, and refined for documenting pioneering figures—in particular the oral history interview—cannot uncritically be adopted for documenting the activities of users. Lacking an obvious model to blueprint, the project “From Computing Machines to IT” chose to employ an ensemble of different methods for documenting the use of computers in Swedish society. Traditional oral history interviews and collections of autobiographies were used alongside new self-structuring and time-saving methods, such as witness seminars and the mentioned Writers’ Web site. Finally, it is stressed that the active interest of the communities of computer users was pivotal for realizing the project. In order to arouse their interest, two things were considered crucial: firstly, the importance of an active and continuous collaboration between historians and practitioners. This collaboration shaped the methods, the organization, and the theoretical approach of the project; and, secondly, the importance of creating events where practitioners are given the chance to gather for discussing and remembering their historical past and, at the same time, socialize. While witness seminars and the specially designed Writers’ Web were seen as pure intellectual ventures by historians, they were actually received as social events by practitioners.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Myrdal, Janken, et al.
(författare)
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Scandinavia, 1000-1750
- 2015
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Ingår i: Struggling with the environment. - Turnhout : Brepols. - 9782503530475 - 9782503562957 ; , s. 383-412
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Elenius, Lars, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Vettasjärvi - det ekologiska året
- 1994
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Ingår i: I människans hand. - Stockholm : Nordiska museets förlag. - 917108360X ; , s. 96-103
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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