| 1. |
- Rutegård, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Current use of diverting stoma in anterior resection for cancer : population-based cohort study of total and partial mesorectal excision
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Colorectal Disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0179-1958 .- 1432-1262. ; 31:3, s. 579-585
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose A diverting stoma is commonly used to reduce the risk of anastomotic leakage when performing total mesorectal excision (TME) in anterior resection for rectal cancer. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of fecal diversion in relation to partial mesorectal excision (PME).Methods A retrospective analysis was undertaken on a national cohort, originally created to study the impact of central arterial ligation on patients with increased cardiovascular risk. Some 741 patients operated with anterior resection for rectal cancer during the years 2007 through 2010 were followed up for 53 months. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the impact of diverting stoma on the risk of anastomotic leakage and permanent stoma, expressed as odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs).Results The risk of anastomotic leakage was increased in TME surgery when not using a diverting stoma (OR 5.1; 95 % CI 2.2-11.6), while the corresponding risk increase in PME patients was modest (OR 1.8; 95 % CI 0.8-4.0). At study completion or death, 26 and 13 % of TME and PME patients, respectively, had a permanent stoma. A diverting stoma was a statistically significant risk factor for a permanent stoma in PME patients (OR 4.7; 95 % CI 2.5-9.0), while less important in TME patients (OR 1.8; 95 % CI 0.6-5.5).Conclusion The benefit of a diverting stoma concerning anastomotic leakage in this patient group seems doubtful. Moreover, the diverting stoma itself may contribute to the high rate of permanent stomas.
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| 3. |
- Baxter, Charles J, et al.
(författare)
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The metabolic response of heterotrophic Arabidopsis cells to oxidative stress
- 2007
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Ingår i: Plant Physiology. - Rockville, USA : American Society of Plant Biologists. - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 143:1, s. 312-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To cope with oxidative stress, the metabolic network of plant cells must be reconfigured either to bypass damaged enzymes or to support adaptive responses. To characterize the dynamics of metabolic change during oxidative stress, heterotrophic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cells were treated with menadione and changes in metabolite abundance and (13)C-labeling kinetics were quantified in a time series of samples taken over a 6 h period. Oxidative stress had a profound effect on the central metabolic pathways with extensive metabolic inhibition radiating from the tricarboxylic acid cycle and including large sectors of amino acid metabolism. Sequential accumulation of metabolites in specific pathways indicated a subsequent backing up of glycolysis and a diversion of carbon into the oxidative pentose phosphate pathway. Microarray analysis revealed a coordinated transcriptomic response that represents an emergency coping strategy allowing the cell to survive the metabolic hiatus. Rather than attempt to replace inhibited enzymes, transcripts encoding these enzymes are in fact down-regulated while an antioxidant defense response is mounted. In addition, a major switch from anabolic to catabolic metabolism is signaled. Metabolism is also reconfigured to bypass damaged steps (e.g. induction of an external NADH dehydrogenase of the mitochondrial respiratory chain). The overall metabolic response of Arabidopsis cells to oxidative stress is remarkably similar to the superoxide and hydrogen peroxide stimulons of bacteria and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), suggesting that the stress regulatory and signaling pathways of plants and microbes may share common elements.
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| 4. |
- Cohn-Cedermark, G., et al.
(författare)
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Surveillance vs. adjuvant therapy of clinical stage I testicular tumors - a review and the SWENOTECA experience
- 2015
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Ingår i: Andrology. - : Wiley. - 2047-2927 .- 2047-2919. ; 3:1, s. 102-110
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although clinical stage I (CS I) testicular cancer is highly curable, the optimal management is controversial. The aims of the Swedish and Norwegian Testicular Cancer Group (SWENOTECA) studies for CS I non-seminoma (NS) and seminoma (S) have been to reduce treatment intensity while maintaining high survival rates, reduce the number of patients needing salvage treatment and implement patient autonomy with regard to adjuvant treatment. During 1998-2010 NS CSI patients with lymphovascular invasion (LVI) of the primary tumor (high risk) were recommended bleomycin, etoposide, cisplatin (BEP)x1. During 2000-2006 S CS I patients had the option to choose surveillance or adjuvant radiotherapy (AR). In 2004, carboplatinx1 (AUC7) was added as a third treatment option. In 2007 a new risk-adapted treatment protocol for S CS I was initiated. Patients with two risk factors (tumor size>4cm, tumor growth in the rete testis) were recommended carboplatinx1 and patients with 0-1 risk factor were recommended surveillance. All patients were provided with oral and written information of possible management options and could choose the other alternative. The relapse rate for NS CS I with BEPx1 was 3.2% for high risk, and 1.6% for low-risk patients. Five-year cause-specific survival was 100%. For S CS I-patients treated before 2007, 14.3% on surveillance relapsed, 3.9% after carboplatin, and 0.8% after AR. Five-year cause-specific survival was 99.9%. For S CS I-patients treated from 2007, a relapse rate <3% was confirmed for patients without risk factors. SWENOTECA considers BEPx1 standard adjuvant treatment in NS CS I high-risk patients. Low-risk patients should have the opportunity to receive BEPx1 following thorough information regarding pros and cons. For S CS I patients without risk factors, adjuvant treatment is not necessary. For patients with risk factors, patient autonomy should be respected.
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| 5. |
- Ervo, Laura, 1966-
(författare)
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《北欧国家民事诉讼新变革》
- 2015
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Ingår i: 《法律与社会》2015年第5期，总第171期，第31-37页。. - : China: Law & Society. ; 171:05, s. 31-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Fabrizi, Elisabetta, et al.
(författare)
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Extracting topology-based maps from gridmaps
- 2000
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Ingår i: IEEE international conference on robotics and automation, ICRA '00. - 0780358864 ; , s. 2972-2978
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose topology-based maps as a new representation of the workspace of a mobile robot. These maps capture the structure of the free space in the environment in terms of the basic topological notions of connectivity and adjacency. Topology-based maps can be automatically extracted from an occupancy grid built from sensor data using techniques borrowed from the image processing field. Since these techniques can be soundly defined on fuzzy values, our approach is well suited to deal with the uncertainty inherent in the sensor data. Topology-based maps are fairly robust with respect to sensor noise and to small environmental changes, and have nice computational properties.
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| 9. |
- Feng, Cuiyang, et al.
(författare)
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The role of energy-water nexus in water conservation at regional levels in China
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : ELSEVIER SCI LTD. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 210, s. 298-308
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Energy and water resources are drawing increasing attention in China as indispensable elements of economic development and social stability. Energy production has led to widely debated issues such as water shortage and water pollution. Studies on their interrelation - i.e. the energy-water nexus - indicate that energy conservation impacts water resources. Energy conservation can bring synergy on water resources, but it is an unsettle issue to what degree energy conservation could indirectly protect water resources. In this work, we built an accounting framework to assess the synergy of energy conservation on both water quantity and quality at regional levels. Multiregional input-output (MRIO) analysis and economic parameters such as water price and treatment costs of water resources are applied to evaluate the value of synergy. The results show that Jiangsu saved the largest quantity of water with a volume of63.7 x 10(8)m(3), while Hunan achieved the largest reduction of wastewater with a volume of 3.2 x 10(8)m(3) during 2007-2012. The total synergy was divided into two aspects: internal and external. The former was generally larger in most regions except Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Hainan, Shaanxi, Anhui and Inner Mongolia. The results of an economic assessment show that China achieved 1.1 x 10(12) yuan of economic benefit through the synergy benefits from a holistic perspective. Jiangsu, Shanghai, Fujian, Shandong and Heilongjiang were primary beneficiaries due to their significant synergistic water saving and high shadow price of water resources. The proposed assessment framework may help understand the situation of regional resources conservation from both synergistic and economic perspectives. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 10. |
- Hedlund, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Microchannel Zeolite 13X Adsorbent with High CO2 Separation Performance
- 2021
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Ingår i: Separation and Purification Technology. - : Elsevier. - 1383-5866 .- 1873-3794. ; 277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uniform 13X films with thicknesses of 3 and 11 µm were grown on supports in the form of steel monoliths with a cell density of 1600 cpsi and microchannels width of 0.5 mm. Sharp breakthrough fronts and a dynamic uptake of 3.4 mmol CO2 g-1 zeolite were observed in the forwarding step of breakthrough experiments for a feed of 10 % CO2 in N2 with a high flow rate at 293 K and 1 bar. Numerical modeling showed that the adsorption process was very fast and that the transport of CO2 in the thin zeolite layer was the rate-limiting step, the mass transfer resistance for the 11 µm film is 2.2 times lower than zeolite 13X pellets and 100 times lower than zeolite 4A beads. Axial dispersion, pressure drop, and gas film resistance were shown to be negligible. The steel monolith support provides good mechanical strength and excellent thermal conductivity for the 13X films. The combination of properties makes this adsorbent a good performer when compared with other types of structured zeolite adsorbents in reported literatures. This microchannel adsorbent is a promising alternative to traditional adsorbents in processes of fast CO2 separation with short cycle times.
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