| 11. |
- Husberg, Britt, et al.
(författare)
-
Treatment with botulinum toxin in children with chronic anal fissure.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: European journal of pediatric surgery. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 0939-7248 .- 1439-359X. ; 19:5, s. 290-292
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Chronic anal fissures with painful defecation and bloodstained stools can be seen in children of all ages. Constipation may precede or appear in connection with the symptoms. Adult patients with anal fissures have been treated successfully with the injection of botulinum toxin into both the internal and external sphincter. The effect of botulinum toxin is reversible and lasts for 3-4 months. This pilot study attempted to examine whether botulinum toxin is also effective in paediatric cases of anal fissure, a treatment which not yet has been reported in the literature.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Six boys and seven girls aged 1-10 years were treated with botulinum toxin (Botox ((R))) during 2002-2005 due to chronic anal fissure. Conventional treatment with laxatives and local anaesthetics had been unsuccessful in all cases. The treatment was given to five children under 2 years of age in a dosage of 1.25 Ux2. Eight children over 2 years of age were given 2.5 Ux2. The injections were given in the external sphincter on both sides of the fissure using EMG-stimulation for guidance and were performed under light anaesthetics (Diprivan ((R))). Follow-up was conducted at 1 and 3 months after treatment.RESULTS: Within one week, 11 of the children were free from pain and blood stained stools, according to their parent's observations. One 10-year old patient initially showed some improvement but soon experienced a recurrence. After another injection with a higher dosage 2 months later, the fissure healed. One 4-year old patient did not show any signs of improvement. The laxatives, which had been withdrawn after the injection treatment, were then reinstated. At the 3 month post-treatment examination the patient was finally symptom-free with no signs of a fissure. There were no negative side-effects detected in any of the cases. Seven recurrences were noted in 6 of the patients after 3-30 months, often in connection with an episode of constipation. Repeat injections were offered and accepted by four of these patients, once more producing good immediate results.CONCLUSION: Treatment with botulinum toxin in the external sphincter produces a quick and effective alleviation of pain with healing of chronic anal fissures in children. The treatment is not considered to carry any risks but requires light anaesthesia. Recurrences are common after the pharmacological effect has receded but can be cured with an additional injection.
|
|
| 12. |
- Issa, Shams A. M., et al.
(författare)
-
Proton-induced production of residual radionuclides in Re-nat up to 2590 MeV
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-583X .- 1872-9584. ; 298, s. 19-32
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The excitation functions for residual nuclide production by proton reactions on rhenium was investigated using activated targets from irradiation experiments at the cyclotron of the Svedberg Laboratory at Uppsala up to 180 MeV and the higher energies were used at the Laboratoire Saturne at Saclay. The measured experimental results were compared with previous published and theoretical models calculations by the codes TALYS, INCL4 + ABLA and Bertini/Dresner. A total of 5252 cross-section was determined covering 54 residual nuclides in the energy range from 78.2 to 2590 MeV.
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Katritsis, Demosthenes G, et al.
(författare)
-
Executive Summary : European Heart Rhythm Association Consensus Document on the Management of Supraventricular Arrhythmias
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Arrhythmia & electrophysiology review. - 2050-3369. ; 5:3, s. 210-224
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is an executive summary of the full European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) consensus document on the management of supraventricular arrhythmias, published in Europace. It summarises developments in the field and provides recommendations for patient management, with particular emphasis on new advances since the previous European Society of Cardiology guidelines. The EHRA consensus document is available to read in full at http://europace.oxfordjournals.org.
|
|
| 16. |
- Laycock Pedersen, Rebecca, et al.
(författare)
-
Distinguishing transdisciplinary (and) action research in sustainability science : a comparative systematic-narrative hybrid literature review
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There are many socially engaged research modes in sustainability science. The main ones are action research and transdisciplinary research. There is also transdisciplinary action research, a field that seems to combine the two. This paper aims to provide a better understanding of the differences between these research modes in the context of sustainability science to help potential users to determine appropriate research mode(s) to fulfil their purposes. To do so, we asked three research questions: (i) What are the aims of these research modes? (ii) What are some methods used to fulfil the aims of these research modes? (iii) In what empirical domain are the different approaches being used today? Using a comparative systematic-narrative hybrid literature review and bibliometric studies the paper attempts to fulfil the set aim. In total, we analysed 1487 articles in-depth, of which 633 utilised the action research mode, 787 used transdisciplinary research, and 67 used transdisciplinary action research. There are a lot of similarities between the research modes, e.g. they all use traditional qualitative social science research methods, engage the same types of stakeholders, and address the same sustainability issues. But the differences relate to the aims of the research modes. Researchers employing action research seem to be more intent on achieving action in the practice domain and knowledge from that action for both practitioners and researchers (action-for-knowledge). In contrast, researchers employing transdisciplinary research rather seem to be more intent on producing new, relevant and shared knowledge for an action that is later undertaken in the practice domain (knowledge-for-action). Although this might be a premature conclusion, researchers employing transdisciplinary action research seem to be more intent on achieving action based on integrative knowledge (integrative knowledge-for-action). Finally, some advice regarding the choice of research mode for a particular purpose is presented.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
- Malmborg, J., et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of modeling strategies for a slab track on predicted ground vibrations
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0267-7261. ; 136
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the paper, the effect of modeling strategies regarding the dynamic behavior of a railway slab track on a layered half-space is studied. The track is modeled with various degrees of accuracy through the use of either beam theory, shell finite elements or solid finite elements. The underlying soil response is included through a dynamic stiffness, obtained via the Green's function for a horizontally layered visco-elastic half-space in the frequency–wavenumber domain. The effect of different assumptions regarding the track cross-section behavior and the track–soil interface conditions on the resulting free-field vibrations are studied for a harmonic load moving along the track. First, only the out-of-plane displacements of the slab–soil interface are coupled, i.e. only the vertical contact pressure is accounted for. Secondly, the effect of coupling the slab–soil in-plane displacements on the free-field vibrations is studied. It is found that the in-plane slab–soil coupling significantly affects the vertical vibration in the free-field. It is also found that a beam model of the track yields accurate response levels compared to a solid continuum model in the case of a thick slab, whereas considerable differences are obtained for a thin slab.
|
|
