| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Hermansson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Case fatality of myocardial infarction among shift workers
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - Berlin Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 88:5, s. 599-605
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Shift work has been associated with an excess risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and more specifically myocardial infarction (MI). The majority of the studies that found a positive association between shift work and CVD have been based on incidence data. The results from studies on cardiovascular-related mortality among shift workers have shown little or no elevated mortality associated with shift work. None of the previous studies have analysed short-term mortality (case fatality) after MI. Therefore, we investigated whether shift work is associated with increased case fatality after MI compared with day workers.METHODS: Data on incident cases with first MI were obtained from case-control study conducted in two geographical sites in Sweden (Stockholm Heart Epidemiology Program and Västernorrland Heart Epidemiology Program), including 1,542 cases (1,147 men and 395 women) of MI with complete working time information and 65 years or younger. Case fatality was defined as death within 28 days of onset of MI. Risk estimates were calculated using logistic regression.RESULTS: The crude odds ratios for case fatality among male shift workers were 1.63 [95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.12, 2.38] and 0.56 (95 % CI 0.26, 1.18) for female shift workers compared with day workers. Adjustments for established cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes type II and socio-economic status did not alter the results.CONCLUSION: Shift work was associated with increased risk of case fatality among male shift workers after the first MI.
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| 13. |
- Hermansson, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Interaction between Shift Work and Established Coronary Risk Factors
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : IJOEM. - 2008-6520 .- 2008-6814. ; 10:2, s. 57-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Shift work is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but the causes have not yet been fully established. It has been proposed that the coronary risk factors are more hazardous for shift workers, resulting in a potential interaction effect with shift work.OBJECTIVE: To analyse interaction effects of work schedule and established risk factors for coronary artery disease on the risk of myocardial infarction.METHODS: This analysis was conducted in SHEEP/VHEEP, a case-control study conducted in two counties in Sweden, comprising all first-time cases of myocardial infarction among men and women 45-70 years of age with controls stratified by sex, age, and hospital catchment area, totalling to 4648 participants. Synergy index (SI) was used as the main outcome analysis method for interaction analysis.RESULTS: There was an interaction effect between shift work and physical inactivity on the risk of myocardial infarction with SI of 2.05 (95% CI 1.07 to 3.92) for male shift workers. For female shift workers, interaction effects were found with high waist-hip ratio (SI 4.0, 95% CI 1.12 to 14.28) and elevated triglycerides (SI 5.69, 95% CI 1.67 to 19.38).CONCLUSION: Shift work and some established coronary risk factors have significant interactions.
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| 14. |
- Hermansson, J., et al.
(författare)
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Shift work, parental cardiovascular disease and myocardial infarction in males
- 2018
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Ingår i: Occupational Medicine. - : Oxford University Press. - 0962-7480 .- 1471-8405. ; 68:2, s. 120-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Shift work has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there is a need for more studies to determine whether there is an interaction between shift work and other risk factors of CVD, thereby increasing the risk of CVD in shift workers. Aims To discern whether shift work and parental mortality from myocardial infarction (MI) or sudden cardiac death (SCD) interact to increase the risk of MI in men. Methods A case-control dataset was used to assess interaction between shift work and parental history of CVD, using death from MI or SCD, or death before age 65, on an additive scale. Results were reported as relative excess risk due to interaction, attributable proportion due to interaction (AP) and synergy index (SI). Results There was an interaction between shift work and paternal mortality from MI or SCD, when both factors were present [SI = 2.39; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02. 5.6 and AP = 0.4; 95% CI 0.08. 0.73]. Conclusions Paternal mortality from MI or SCD interacts with shift work to increase the risk of MI in men.
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| 15. |
- Hjort, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Surface morphology of Au-free grown nanowires after native oxide removal.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nanoscale. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2040-3372 .- 2040-3364. ; 7:22, s. 9998-10004
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using scanning tunneling microscopy, we evaluate the surface structure and morphology down to the atomic scale for micrometers along Au-free grown InAs nanowires (NWs) free from native oxide. We find that removal of the native oxide (which covers the NWs upon exposure to the ambient air) using atomic hydrogen does not alter the underlying step structure. Imaging with sub-nanometer resolution along the NWs, we find an extremely low tapering (diameter change along the NW) of 1.7 ± 0.5 Åμm(-1). A surface morphology with monolayer high islands, whose shape was influenced by stacking faults, was found to cover the NWs and was attributed to the decomposed native oxide. The appearance of point defects in the form of As-vacancies at the surface is analyzed and we set limits to the amount of carbon impurities in the NWs.
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| 16. |
- Knutsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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A randomized study of four different types of tympanostomy ventilation tubes : Full-term follow-up
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-5876 .- 1872-8464. ; 107, s. 140-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of tympanostomy ventilation tube material (silicone vs fluoroplastic) and shape (short vs long) regarding time to extrusion, occurrence of otorrhea, occlusion, tube removal and occurrence of persistent perforation.METHODS AND MATERIAL: Four different types of ventilation tubes were used; Long Armstrong tubes, Donaldson tubes, Shepard tubes and straight tubes, representing four specific combinations of VT material (silicone or fluoroplastic) and shape (short, double flanged or long, single flanged). Four hundred children scheduled for bilateral tube insertion were included in a randomized trial. The patients received one type of tube in the right ear and another type in the left ear. The incidence of tube extrusion and complications were monitored postoperatively every third month by an otolaryngologist.RESULTS: Twenty-two children were excluded during surgery. Out of the studied 378 children the mean age was 35.3 months. 63.8% were boys. Short tubes extruded earlier than long tubes; hazard ratio (HR) 4.84 (95% CI 3.50-6.69, p < 0.001). Long Armstrong tubes were least prone to extrude. Silicone tubes resulted in significantly longer time to first infection in a VT ear, HR 1.68 (95% CI 1.03-2.76, p = 0.039). Donaldson tubes rendered the longest mean time to first infection (p = 0.025). Infections did not affect tube extrusion rates significantly (p = 0.879). No significant differences were found regarding tube occlusion, tube extraction or persistent perforation.CONCLUSIONS: Long tubes are less prone to extrude early. Long Armstrong tubes have the least propensity to extrude early. Silicone tubes render significantly longer time to first infection. Donaldson tubes result in least infections. Infection does not affect extrusion rates significantly.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 1b.
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| 17. |
- Knutsson, Johan
(författare)
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Atomic Scale Characterization of III-V Nanowire Surfaces
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This dissertation focus on the atomic-scale characterization of the surface properties and electronic structure of III–V semiconductor nanowires (NWs). Since the early 2000s, the fabrication and characterization of III–V NWs has been a very significant topic within material science due to their potential for applications in lighting, energy harvesting, and electronics. A prominent feature of the NW geometry is the ability to form heterostructures—both radially and axially—for shaping the electronic landscape in the NW. The heterostructures can consist of variations in the crystal structure, material composition, or a combination of the two. A pre-requisite for the fabrication of advanced heterostructures in NWs is an intricate knowledge concerning the atomic-scale surface properties as well as the material and crystal structure dependent electronic properties. However, little is known about the surface properties of III–V NWs and how the electronic structure behaves at the heterostructure interface at the atomic level.In this dissertation I describe the work on the electronic properties of crystal structure heterojunctions in GaAs and InAs NWs, down to the atomic bilayer level. Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM/S) was used to probe the surface structure and electronic properties of NW surfaces with atomic resolution. Also, the effects of material overgrowth on GaAs and InAs NW surfaces was studied at the atomic scale. The studies allowed for the identification of nucleation sites, incorporation processes, and growth modes. Furthermore, quantum-size effects have been investigated within crystal phase structures in NWs.Due to the large surface–to–volume ratio of nanostructures, the optical and electronic performance of NW devices is often impeded by surface defects. The quantity, origin and individual influence of such defects is unknown. I have used atomic-scale STM imaging of externally biased NW devices operando, as well as x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements, to investigate how surface oxides and atomic-scale defects affect the conductivity of NWs.
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| 18. |
- Knutsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Atomic Scale Surface Structure and Morphology of InAs Nanowire Crystal Superlattices: The Effect of Epitaxial Overgrowth
- 2015
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 7:10, s. 5748-5755
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While shell growth engineering to the atomic scale is important for tailoring semiconductor nanowires with superior properties, a precise knowledge of-the surface structure and morphology at different stages of this type of overgrowth has been lacking. We present a systematic scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) study of homoepitaxial Shell growth of twinned superlattices in zinc blende InAs nanowires that transforms {11I}A/B-type facets to the nonpolar {110}type. STM imaging along the nanowires provides information on different stages of the shell growth revealing distinct differences in growth dynamics of the crystal facets and surface structures not found in the bulk. While growth of a new surface layer is initiated simultaneously (at the twin plane interface) on the {111}A and {111}B nanofacets, the step flow growth proceeds much faster on {111}A compared to {111}B leading to significant differences in roughness. Further, we observe that the atomic scale structures on the {111}B facet is different from its bulk counterpart and that shell growth on this facet occurs via steps perpendicular to the (112)B-type directions.
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| 19. |
- Knutsson, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical and audiological short-term and long-term outcomes of fat graft myringoplasty
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta Oto-Laryngologica. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0001-6489 .- 1651-2251. ; 137:9, s. 940-944
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Results of fat graft myringoplasty are often reported with only short-term follow-up. Audiological results are less commonly reported, as well as long-term follow-up results. Materials and methods: One hundred consecutive patients scheduled for fat graft myringoplasty were included in a prospective cohort study. Clinical and audiological outcomes were assessed at six weeks and one year postoperatively. Results: Perforation sizes ranged from 0.5 to 4 mm. The six-week follow-up showed a total perforation closure rate of 72.9% with a statistically significant (p = .03) higher rate for the pediatric age group (83.0%). 64.4% of all patients were healed at one-year follow-up. Statistical analyses for background factors did not reveal any significant difference in healing rates with regard to patient sex or location or cause of the perforation. The mean preoperative air-conduction (AC) threshold was 25dB with an air-bone gap of 12 dB. At the one-year follow-up the mean air conduction threshold for healed ears was improved to 16.6 dB, still 54.2% of them had a type B tympanogram. Conclusions: Children had a higher perforation closure rate at six-week follow-up than adult patients. Recurrent tympanic membrane perforations were common after initially successful fat graft myringoplasties. Long-term hearing was improved after successful fat graft myringoplasty, resulting in a mean AC threshold of 16.6 dB.
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| 20. |
- Knutsson, Johan, 1955-
(författare)
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Dolt bakom bräder och övermålningar : om folkligt tidigt interiört måleri i Östergötland
- 2018
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Ingår i: Den glömda konsten. - Linköping : Östergötlands museum. - 9789188217059 ; , s. 92-103
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- "...de är låga och likna utvändigt gås- eller svinstior, men invändigt syntes de oss visst icke vara otrevliga bostäder. Väggarna och taken strålade överallt av brokiga målningar..." Så beskrev den franske diplomaten Charles Ogier sitt intryck av de svenska prästhemmen på 1630-talet. Knappt tvåhundra år senare, ett stycke in på 1800-talet, imponerades den tyske resenären F W von Schubert av landsbygdens bostäder med deras målade rum, "hvilket man ofta finner hos svenska bönder". Det tycks ha varit skillnaden mellan ett enkelt yttre och ett praktfullt inre som gjort störst intryck på människor utifrån, resenärer från andra länder, där inte bara husens insidor utan även deras utsidor ofta var grant målade - vare sig det nu var på putsytor eller trä.
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