| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Juslin, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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PROBabilities from EXemplars (PROBEX) : a "lazy" algorithm for probabilistic inference from generic knowledge
- 2002
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Ingår i: Cognitive science. - : Wiley. - 0364-0213 .- 1551-6709. ; 26:5, s. 563-607
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PROBEX (PROBabilities from EXemplars), a model of probabilistic inference and probability judgmentbased on generic knowledge is presented. Its properties are that: (a) it provides an exemplar modelsatisfying bounded rationality; (b) it is a “lazy” algorithm that presumes no pre-computed abstractions;(c) it implements a hybrid-representation, similarity-graded probability. We investigate the ecologicalrationality of PROBEX and find that it compares favorably with Take-The-Best and multiple regression(Gigerenzer, Todd, & the ABC Research Group, 1999). PROBEX is fitted to the point estimates,decisions, and probability assessments by human participants. The best fit is obtained for a version thatweights frequency heavily and retrieves only two exemplars. It is proposed that PROBEX implementsspeed and frugality in a psychologically plausible way.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Lillvist, Anne, et al.
(författare)
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The construct of social competence : how preschool teachers define social competence in young children
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Early Childhood. - : Springer. - 0020-7187 .- 1878-4658. ; 41:1, s. 51-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preschool teachers share their environment with young children on a daily basis and interventions promoting social competence are generally carried out in the preschool setting. The aim was to find out if and how preschool teachers' definitions of social competence are related to factors in the preschool environment like: a) the number of children having problems related to social competence; b) the support provided to the children; and c) the preschool environment and current research definitions. Method: 481 preschools from 22 municipalities in Sweden participated. Data was analyzed using a mixed methods design in which a qualitative content analysis was followed by group comparisons using quantitative methods. Results: Preschool teachers defined social competence mainly as intrapersonal skills, or as interpersonal relations. The definitions of social competence were not related to the numbers of children having problems related to social skills or social competence in units, the amount of the support provided to the children or the preschool environment. Conclusion: Preschool teachers' definitions of social competence are partly multidimensional, which implies that the interventions aimed at promoting children's social skills and social competence also should be multidimensional. Preschool teachers' definitions of social competence have little relevance to environmental factors, which indicate that social competence, as a construct is more dependent upon perceptions of the individual than on contextual factors.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Feilitzen, Cecilia von
(författare)
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Meideforbrug blandt svensk ungdom
- 2002
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Ingår i: Tendenser i unges forbrugeradfærd og ungdomskultur. - Köpenhamn : Nordisk Ministerråd. - 9289307870 ; , s. 42-57
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 17. |
- Proctor, D.N, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal changes in physical functional performance among the oldest old: insight from a study of Swedish twins
- 2006
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Ingår i: Aging Clinical and Experimental Research. ; 18:6, s. 517-530
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The primary purpose was to characterize mean and individual-level patterns of change in physical functional performance over eight years (2 year intervals) in a community dwelling sample of Swedish twins (579 men and women aged 79-96 years at baseline). RESULTS: Mixed linear models revealed linear rates of decline for handgrip strength (grip) and time to complete five chair stands, and accelerating decline for peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) for both sexes. Significant random effects were found for intercept and time for grip and PEFR tests, indicating differences between participants initially and over time. Individual differ-ences in chairstand performance were significant for initial status only. Age at baseline was predictive of initial status in grip, PEFR and chair performance (women only), but not rate of change. Measures of body size at baseline were predictive of individual variation in initial grip (height), PEFR (weight in men, height in women), and chair performance (height), but had less consistent associations with changes in test performance over time. In the deceased sub-sample (85% of participants), having been further from death was related to less steep de-clines in grip, but not PEFR or chair performance. Twins from the same pair were related in initial status (twin level variance ~30-70%), but they were not generally related in rate of change. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that changes in physical functional perform-ance in an elderly, community dwelling population vary across individuals in a test and sex-dependent manner. Constitutional variables (age, sex, body size) are predictive of baseline performance, but explain little variance in change over time. Initial status and rate of change in grip strength had the strongest association with proximity from death, indicating that while PEFR and repeated chair stand time are useful tests to assess function, grip strength appears to be a particularly useful biomarker in the oldest- old.
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| 18. |
- Sarstrand, Anna-Maria, 1976-
(författare)
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Svenska mot modersmål - utvecklingen av två olika lärargrupper
- 2006
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Ingår i: Flervetenskapliga perspektiv i migrationsforskning. Årsbok 2006 från forskningsprofilen Arbetsmarknad Migration och Etniska relationer (AMER) vid Växjö universitet. - Växjö : Växjö University Press. - 1404-4307. - 9176365204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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