| 77631. |
- Szkalej, Kacper, 1988-
(författare)
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Legal Status of Information Society Service Providers (Sweden)
- 2021
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- Survey on legal status of information society service providers in the pre- and post-CDSM Directive era in Sweden, focusing on service providers as intermediaries and as users of copyright-protected content(January 2021).Part of ReCreating Europe project WP6 - Intermediaries.
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| 77632. |
- Szkalej, Kacper, 1988-
(författare)
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Online Copyright Infringement and Enforcement in Sweden
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Report on online copyright infringement and enforcement of rights in Sweden. Includes a description of applicable law and current practices. Part of Annex 2 in Quintais, J.P. Global Online Piracy Study: Legal Background Report, Institute of Information Law, University of Amsterdam, 2018 .
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| 77633. |
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| 77634. |
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| 77635. |
- Szklarski, Andrzej, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Alltid redo : Lärarstudenters handlingsberedskap för varierande uppgifter i klassrummet
- 2008
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Projektet ”Alltid Redo”, som studerat lärarstudenters handlingsberedskapför varierande uppgifter i klassrummet, har finansierats med hjälp av medelfrån Områdesstyrelsen för utbildningsvetenskap. Projektets kunskapsintressehar växt fram i vår kontakt med lärarstudenter och i våra olikaengagemang i lärarutbildningen. Frågor som väckts i vår egen lärarpraktiksom universitetslärare handlar om studenternas beredskap för denkommande professionella praktiken. Ser de sig rustade för de utmaningarsom väntar? Vad anser de vara användbara redskap? Hur betraktar de olikakunskapsformers ändamålsenlighet för yrkesutövningen?Studien genomfördes i flera steg, varför våra forskningsfrågor utveckladesefterhand. Den fråga vi ägnar störst utrymme i rapporten rör studenternassyn på förhållandet mellan teorisk och praktisk kunskap. Ett dikotomttänkande dominerar, även om vi vid djupare studium finner nyanseradesvar. Det dikotoma tänkandet får sin näring främst genom de problem somstudenterna upplever med en framgångsrik tillämpning av teoretiskkunskap i praktiken liksom teoretisk reflektion över erfarenheter frånpraktiken.Våra resultat kan läsas som en uppmaning till lärarutbildningens samtligaaktörer att bidra till studenternas professionella utveckling, genom attsynliggöra och språkliggöra sambanden mellan de olika kunskapsformersom ges utrymme i utbildningens olika inslag.
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| 77636. |
- Szklarski, Andrzej
(författare)
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Den kvalitativa metodens mångfald
- 2002
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The qualitative method has grown to become an important methodological alternative within social science research. The qualitative method can to some extent be regarded as uniform and to some extent as varied. Unity of the qualitative method manifests on a higher level of scientific reflection. There are mainly the ontological and epistemological assumptions that constitute common foundations for qualitative research. In spite of these common foundations the qualitative method has become increasingly varied. Development of qualitative method has resulted in many, more or less, complex methodological procedures, which are well defined and well delimited in relation to each other. Researchers can today choose from several different research approaches. These approaches have their own specific research purposes, which lead to specific patterns of analysis and the structuring of empirical data. Examples of such qualitative research approaches are grounded theory, empirical phenomenology and heuristic research. The development of qualitative method has also resulted in a large variation within research approaches. An example of the variety within the same research approach consists of different variants of empirical phenomenology, developed by Colaizzi, Van Kaam and Giorgi. Another example consists of two variants of grounded theory, the first one developed by Glaser and the other one developed by Strauss in cooperation with Corbin. This report focuses on the issues of interpretation, understanding and validity of qualitative research. The qualitative method is interpretative in its character but can include different types of interpretation and understanding in its various qualitative research approaches. Two basic types of interpretation in qualitative research lead to two different kinds of understanding. The first concentrates on interpretative understanding of the direct meaning, which can be communicated consciously. The direct meaning can appear both in explicit and implicit form. Explicit meaning is communicated more distinctly in a linguistic way and implicit meaning is less distinctly communicated in an extra-linguistic way, for example, with the help of metaphors or anecdotes. The other type of interpretation exceeds the horizon of direct meaning and concentrates on meta-interpretative understanding of non-direct meaning. In this type of interpretation the researcher interprets the meaning with the help of an external frame of reference. Depending on the type of interpretation and understanding used, the different validation procedures can be, more or less, useful for various qualitative research approaches. Meta-interpretative validation is necessary, for example, in phenomeno21 graphic and hermeneutical studies for the justification of the researchers interpretations of non-direct meaning. On the contrary, within empirical phenomenology meta-interpretative validation is not needed, because phenomenological research results only concentrate on interpretative understanding of the direct meaning. Theoretical validation is necessary in most qualitative research approaches, but to various extents. In contrast to phenomenography or empirical phenomenology, grounded theory claims full theoretical validation.
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| 77637. |
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| 77638. |
- Szklarski, Andrzej
(författare)
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Konfliktupplevelsens väsen
- 2000
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study is about conflict experiences of teenagers in Sweden and Poland. The study has two purposes. The main purpose is to delimit and describe the feelings that constitute the essence of conflict experience. The second purpose is to establish possible differences between Swedish and Polish teenagers, concerning the essence of conflict experience. This study is anchored theoretically and methodically in phenomenology. The data has been collected through the "self-report" method and analysed by means of Van Kaam's empirical phenomenological approach. The phenomenological analyse has resulted in the delimitation of three constituents which are essential for the conflict experience. The essence of this experience is of anger, feelings of mental strain and feelings of unfair treatment. Feelings of anger are both the most common and the most explicit expressed in the data. Anger is an immediate experience in conflict situations and doesn't come gradually. Even though anger is an immediate and not a gradual experience, it can vary in strength and intensity during the conflict. If the anger accelerates or reduces depends among other things on the applied management strategy and on the way the opponent is acting in the conflict. Feelings of anger are very hard to master and they practically always lead to some form of manifestations or a will to manifest. The manifestations of the anger are most often directed against the conflict party. Feelings of mental strain are characterised by a big complexity as regards their character and consequences. Unlike anger feelings of mental strain aren't immediate and can arise gradually. Feelings of mental strain start with small symptoms, which becomes more disturbing as time passes on. As a result different mental and somatic reactions can appear. The teenagers describe a vary set of such reactions, for example eating disorder, sleeping problems and suicidal thoughts. Unlike anger the manifestations or the will to manifest feelings of mental strain isn't very common. Crying is the only conspicuous way to reduce inner tensions and to get an outflow of these unpleasant feelings. The manifestations that appear are also very seldom pointed against the other party. Here you can observe a tendency of isolation and hiding of feelings of mental strain. Feelings of unfair treatment arise due to treatment that the person finds not just and undeserved. These feelings can for example be based on an incident when the person is blamed for something he/she hasn't done, or has done in another way or for another purpose. Misinterpretations of what was said or the intentions of statements that are regarded as groundless or distorted can also cause these feelings. The teen34 agers regard all unfair treatment in conflicts as hurting and offending. However, feelings of unfair treatment are more hurting in conflicts with adults than with other teenagers. Feelings of unfair treatment don’t come gradually. They arise suddenly similar to anger, but they are not as immediate as anger in conflict situations. One of two purposes of the study was to explore if there were any differences between Swedish and Polish teenagers concerning the essence of the conflict experience. A comparative analyse has shown that the essences of the conflict experience is the same in both national groups. There is a real experience-unity between the Polish and the Swedish teenagers, who in their stories use almost the same terms and expressions. Even though anger, feelings of mental strain and feelings of unfair treatment is the essence of conflict experience in both countries, the context, consequences and intensity of feelings may vary within national groups as well as between the national groups. The intensity of anger, which in average is higher in the Polish group, can serve as an example.
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| 77639. |
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| 77640. |
- Szpryngiel, Scarlett, 1979-
(författare)
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Långsprötad silverfisk i museer, bibliotek och arkiv i Sverige
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det finns flera syften med denna rapport. Ett är att klargöra utbredningen av långsprötad silverfisk i Sverige, i såväl privatbostäder som i museer, arkiv och bibliotek. Den långsprötade silverfiskens biologi redogörs det också för i detalj utifrån befintlig litteratur. Dels för att synliggöra potentiella angreppspunkter för framtida bekämpningsåtgärder, dels för att utforma en biologiskt understödd riskbedömning för verksamheter som arbetar med samlingar och arkiv. Väldigt knapphändig information har tidigare funnits för beskrivning av typiska silverfiskskador i samlingar och arkiv. Dokumentationen i denna rapport bidrar därför till en ökad förståelse kring hur svårupptäckta skadorna kan vara och synliggör potentiella risker med att angrepp lämnas utan åtgärd. Ytterligare frågeställningar som berörs gäller artens fenologi i Sverige, dess fortsatta spridning samt skadepotential.
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