| 1. |
- Yun, Yixiao, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Riemannian manifold-valued part-based features and geodesic-induced kernel machine for activity classification dedicated to assisted living
- 2017
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Ingår i: Computer Vision and Image Understanding. - : Elsevier BV. - 1077-3142 .- 1090-235X. ; 161, s. 65-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we address the problem of classifying human activities that are typical in a daily living environment from videos. We propose a novel method based on Riemannian manifolds that uses a tree structure of two layers, where nodes in each tree branch are on a Riemannian manifold. Each node corresponds to different part-based covariance features, and induces a geodesic-based kernel machine for classification. In the first layer, activities are classified according to the dynamics of body pose and the movement of hands or arms. Activities with similar body pose and motion but different human-object interaction are coarsely classified into the same category. In the second layer, the coarsely classified activities are further fine classified, according to the appearance of local image patches at hands in key frames. This is based on the observation that interacting objects as discriminative cues are likely to be attached to hands. The main novelties of this paper include: (i) Motion of body parts for each video activity is characterized by global features. More specifically, the features are distances between each pair of key points and the orientations of lines that connect them; (ii) Human-object interaction is described by local features. That is, the appearance of local regions around hands in key frames, where key frames are selected using the proximity of hands to other key points; (iii) Classification of human activities is formulated by a geodesic distance- induced kernel machine. This is done by exploiting pair-wise geodesics on Riemannian manifolds under the log-Euclidean metric. Experiments were conducted on 2 video datasets. The first dataset, made on our university campus, contains 8 activities with a total number of 943 videos. The second dataset is from a publicly available dataset, containing 7 activity classes and a total of 224 videos. Our test results on the first video dataset have shown high classification accuracy (average 94.27%), and small false alarm rate (average 0.80%). For the second video dataset, test results from the proposed method are compared with 6 existing methods. The proposed method has outperformed all these existing methods. Discussions are given on the impact of detected skeleton points from Kinect on the performance of activity classification.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bedoya, D., et al.
(författare)
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Even violins can cry : Specifically vocal emotional behaviours also drive the perception of emotions in non-vocal music
- 2021
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Ingår i: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. - : The Royal Society. - 0962-8436 .- 1471-2970. ; 376:1840
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A wealth of theoretical and empirical arguments have suggested that music triggers emotional responses by resembling the inflections of expressive vocalizations, but have done so using low-level acoustic parameters (pitch, loudness, speed) that, in fact, may not be processed by the listener in reference to human voice. Here, we take the opportunity of the recent availability of computational models that allow the simulation of three specifically vocal emotional behaviours: smiling, vocal tremor and vocal roughness. When applied to musical material, we find that these three acoustic manipulations trigger emotional perceptions that are remarkably similar to those observed on speech and scream sounds, and identical across musician and non-musician listeners. Strikingly, this not only applied to singing voice with and without musical background, but also to purely instrumental material. This article is part of the theme issue 'Voice modulation: from origin and mechanism to social impact (Part I)'.
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| 4. |
- Emahazion, Tesfai, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of 167 Polymorphisms in 88 Genes from Candidate Neurodegeneration Pathways
- 1999
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Ingår i: Gene. - 0378-1119 .- 1879-0038. ; 238:2, s. 315-324
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Catalogs of intra-gene polymorphisms are needed to facilitate wide-ranging candidate gene-based association studies in common complex diseases. With this in mind, we have scanned multiple alignments of expressed sequence tags and of genomic DNA sequences (PCR products from four to eight unrelated individuals) to find polymorphisms in 195 genes putatively involved in neurodegenerative illness (including components of oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, inflammation, apoptosis and aging). This led to the discovery of 167 polymorphisms in 88 genes. These comprised 163 single nucleotide polymorphisms, one insertion/deletion, and three other variations involving more than one base pair. The polymorphisms were distributed in the exons (87), introns (70), and gene flanking regions (10). Of the exonic polymorphisms, 17 would give rise to non-synonymous amino acid substitutions. These findings now provide a valuable resource for association studies in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Emam, Hossam E., et al.
(författare)
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Self-cleaned photoluminescent viscose fabric incorporated lanthanide-organic framework (Ln-MOF)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Dyes and pigments. - : Elsevier BV. - 0143-7208 .- 1873-3743. ; 159, s. 491-498
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photoluminescent textiles emitted light in ultraviolet (UV)-radiation region has advanced a variety of applications including military and police clothes. The current study reports the preparation of photoluminescent viscose fabrics incorporated lanthanide metal-organic framework (Ln-MOF) and their applications for self-cleaning. In situ growth of Ln (Eu3+, Tb3+) MOF into viscose fabrics were achieved using Ln (NO3)(3) and 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic dianhydride as organic ligand. The in-growth Ln-MOF within fabrics were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray, and fluorescence spectroscopy. Under the UV lamb (345 nm), Eu-MOF@viscose fabric and Tb-MOF@viscose fabric visually emitted red and green color, respectively. The excitation-emission spectra showed the spectra for the D-5(0)-> F-7(0.4) transitions and D-5(4)-> F-7(5) transitions in case of Eu-MOF and Tb-MOF@viscose fabrics, respectively. The photoluminescent properties of Ln-MOF@viscose fabrics were enhanced after reactive dying process. The self-cleaning functions of Ln-MOF@viscose fabrics were estimated through studying the photo-degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye over the fabrics. After 120 min irradiation time, the photo-degradation of RhB dye was 85-97%, indicating high performance of Ln-MOF@viscose fabric. The materials are promising for advanced applications including protective clothing, textile-based sensors, smart tagging and tickets.
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| 7. |
- Franke, Ulrik, et al.
(författare)
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The Distribution of Time to Recovery of Enterprise IT Services
- 2014
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Reliability. - 0018-9529 .- 1558-1721. ; 63:4, s. 858-867
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The context of this article is the availability of enterprise IT services, a key concern for many enterprises. While there is a plethora of literature concerned with service availability, there is no previous systematic empirical study on IT service time to recovery following outages. The existing literature typically assumes a distribution, or builds on analogies to related areas such as software engineering. Therefore, our objective is to find the statistical distribution of IT service time to recovery. Method-wise, this investigation is based on logs of more than 1 800 incidents in a large Nordic bank, corresponding to more than 11 000 hours of recorded downtime. Five possible distributions of time to recovery from the literature were investigated using the Akaike Information Criterion to find the distribution offering the best fit. The results show that the log-normal distribution outperformed the others for all tested service channels (collections of IT services). It is concluded that the log-normal distribution offers the best fit of IT service time to recovery. Using this distribution in simulation and decision-support tools offers the prospect of better predictions of downtime and downtime costs to the practitioner community.
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| 8. |
- Golay, Diane, 1992-
(författare)
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An Emotion-Focused Approach Towards Improving Clinicians' Work-Related User Experience
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Recent studies have associated clinician burnout with health information technology use. Researchers have attributed this negative impact of health information technology use on clinician well-being to poor system usability and insufficient clinician involvement in system design and implementation.Against this backdrop, this thesis first examined the discrete negative and positive emotions that clinicians experience at work in connection with health information technology use, and defined desirable user experience goals for health information technology design and implementation. Second, it identified different breakdowns in the communication between hospital nursing staff and information technology staff members.Data were collected through focus groups and interviews with registered nurses, nursing assistants, physicians, and information technology staff members working at or affiliated with a large Swedish hospital. The data were analyzed qualitatively through thematic analysis.Hospital nursing staff and physicians were found to experience frustration, perplexity, anxiety, alienation, psychological and moral distress, joy, relief, relaxation, and confidence in connection with their work-related use of health information technology. On this basis, joy, relaxation, confidence, gratitude and pride were identified as desirable user experience goals for clinicians' work-related information technology use. Finally, breakdowns in the communication between hospital nursing staff and information technology staff members were found to include lack of user studies, low-level filtering of nursing staff's electronic error reports, unintelligible electronic error reports, and nursing staff not attending in-person training sessions and not checking information technology-related communications on the intranet.These findings contribute to the field of human─computer interaction by shedding light on information technology staff members' work and on clinicians' work-related user experience, and by defining user experience goals for clinicians' work-related information technology use. Health information technology designers and implementers can draw from these findings to foster clinician well-being through the design of health information technology systems and routines.
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| 9. |
- Hansen, Christina, 1984-
(författare)
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Migrants and Swedish Activists in Solidarity : Pro-Asylum Activism as a Pathway of Political Socialisation in Malmö
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Migration Research. - : Helsinki University Press. - 1799-649X. ; 12:4, s. 452-468
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article examines how pro-asylum activism contributes to the political socialisation of precarious migrants who become activists, and how it facilitates their social and spatial emplacement in a particular locality. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in 2013–2016 in the city of Malmö, an important site of pro-asylum and anti-racist activism in Sweden, the article analyses how some migrants re-establish their lives by building social relationships with established local activists. These relationships help them gain the knowledge and ability to develop their own activist trajectories, form their own organisations, and dare to conduct activism in public spaces, despite being undocumented.
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| 10. |
- Melazo Dias, C, et al.
(författare)
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C-14 content in vegetation in the vicinities of Brazilian nuclear power reactors
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1700 .- 0265-931X. ; 99:7, s. 1095-1101
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedC-14 specific activities were measured in grass samples collected around Brazilian nuclear power reactors. The specific activity values varied between 227 and 299 Bq/kg C. Except for two samples which showed C-14 specific activities 22% above background values, half of the samples showed background specific activities, and the other half had a C-14 excess of 1-18%. The highest specific activities were found close to the nuclear power plants and along the main wind directions (NE and NNE). The activity values were found to decrease with increasing distance from the reactors. The unexpectedly high C-14 excess values found in two samples were related to the local topography, which favors C-14 accumulation and limits the dispersion of the plume. The results indicate a clear C-14 anthropogenic signal within 5 km around the nuclear power plants which is most prominent along northeastwards, the prevailing wind direction.
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