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- 2017
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 96:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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- Yan, Yajing, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Investigating discharge performance and Mg interphase properties of an Ionic Liquid electrolyte based Mg-air battery
- 2017
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Ingår i: Electrochimica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0013-4686. ; 235, s. 270-279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The performance of a primary Mg-air cell was evaluated at room temperature using a 72 mol% ethylene glycol/trihexyl(tetradecyl) phosphonium chloride ([P-6,P-6,P-6,P-14][Cl]) ionic liquid (IL) electrolyte. The cell was cycling in ambient air as well as in the presence of pure oxygen, and interestingly the cell presented much higher discharge capacity in air than in oxygen, which was attributed to the effect of water in the ambient air. When operated in ambient air, the cell showed promising discharge behaviour with a maximum rate of 0.2 mA cm(-2) and a discharge capacity of around 4.8 mAh cm(-2). When operated at a low rate 0.0075 mA cm(-2), the cell lasted for over 260 h, 10 days, at a potential above 1.3 V. Thus, the main focus of this study is the analysis of the mechanism of discharge capacity loss in this electrolyte, which revealed that, both the polarization due to the presence of a resistive Mg interphase on the anode surface and, concentration polarization due to the quick accumulation of Mg2+ ions in the IL based electrolyte are responsible. In-depth surface characterization suggested the discharge products accumulated on the Mg surface with a proposed formula [P6,6,6,14].Cl.Mg(OH)(2).9[Mg(OCH2CH2OH)Cl]. 40H(2)O most likely had a highly-crosslinked chemical structure, which were responsible for the limited ionic conductivity of the Mg interphase.
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| 6. |
- Forsyth, Iain, et al.
(författare)
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Boundaries, spectral triples and K-homology
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Noncommutative Geometry. - 1661-6952 .- 1661-6960. ; 13:2, s. 407-472
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © European Mathematical Society This paper extends the notion of a spectral triple to a relative spectral triple, an unbounded analogue of a relative Fredholm module for an ideal J G A. Examples include manifolds with boundary, manifolds with conical singularities, dimension drop algebras, -deformations and Cuntz–Pimsner algebras of vector bundles. The bounded transform of a relative spectral triple is a relative Fredholm module, making the image of a relative spectral triple under the boundary mapping in K-homology easy to compute. We introduce an additional operator called a Clifford normal with which a relative spectral triple can be doubled into a spectral triple. The Clifford normal also provides a boundary Hilbert space, a representation of the quotient algebra, a boundary Dirac operator and an analogue of the Calderon projection. In the examples this data does assemble to give a boundary spectral triple, though we can not prove this in general. When we do obtain a boundary spectral triple, we provide sufficient conditions for the boundary triple to represent the K-homological boundary. Thus we abstract the proof of Baum–Douglas–Taylor’s “boundary of Dirac is Dirac on the boundary” theorem into the realm of non-commutative geometry.
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- Karlsson, Christoffer, et al.
(författare)
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Stable Deep Doping of Vapor-Phase Polymerized Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/Ionic Liquid Supercapacitors.
- 2016
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Ingår i: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 9:16, s. 2112-2121
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Liquid-solution polymerization and vapor-phase polymerization (VPP) have been used to manufacture a series of chloride- and tosylate-doped poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) carbon paper electrodes. The electrochemistry, specific capacitance, and specific charge were determined for single electrodes in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide (emim dca) ionic liquid electrolyte. VPP-PEDOT exhibits outstanding properties with a specific capacitance higher than 300 F g(-1) , the highest value reported for a PEDOT-based conducting polymer, and doping levels as high as 0.7 charges per monomer were achieved. Furthermore, symmetric PEDOT supercapacitor cells with the emim dca electrolyte exhibited a high specific capacitance (76.4 F g(-1) ) and high specific energy (19.8 Wh kg(-1) ). A Ragone plot shows that the VPP-PEDOT cells combine the high specific power of conventional ("pure") capacitors with the high specific energy of batteries, a highly sought-after target for energy storage.
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| 9. |
- Li, Hua, et al.
(författare)
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Addition of low concentrations of an ionic liquid to a base oil reduces friction over multiple length scales : a combined nano- and macrotribology investigation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 18:9, s. 6541-6547
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The efficacy of ionic liquids (ILs) as lubricant additives to a model base oil has been probed at the nanoscale and macroscale as a function of IL concentration using the same materials. Silica surfaces lubricated with mixtures of the IL trihexyl(tetradecyl) phosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate and hexadecane are probed using atomic force microscopy (AFM) (nanoscale) and ball-on-disc tribometer (macroscale). At both length scales the pure IL is a much more effective lubricant than hexadecane. At the nanoscale, 2.0 mol% IL (and above) in hexadecane lubricates the silica as well as the pure IL due to the formation of a robust IL boundary layer that separates the sliding surfaces. At the macroscale the lubrication is highly load dependent; at low loads all the mixtures lubricate as effectively as the pure IL, whereas at higher loads rather high concentrations are required to provide IL like lubrication. Wear is also pronounced at high loads, for all cases except the pure IL, and a tribofilm is formed. Together, the nano- and macroscales results reveal that the IL is an effective lubricant additive - it reduces friction - in both the boundary regime at the nanoscale and mixed regime at the macroscale.
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- Moulin, Martine, et al.
(författare)
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Perdeuteration of cholesterol for neutron scattering applications using recombinant Pichia pastoris
- 2018
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Ingår i: Chemistry and Physics of Lipids. - : Elsevier. - 0009-3084 .- 1873-2941. ; 212, s. 80-87
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Deuteration of biomolecules has a major impact on both quality and scope of neutron scattering experiments. Cholesterol is a major component of mammalian cells, where it plays a critical role in membrane permeability, rigidity and dynamics, and contributes to specific membrane structures such as lipid rafts. Cholesterol is the main cargo in low and high-density lipoprotein complexes (i.e. LDL, HDL) and is directly implicated in several pathogenic conditions such as coronary artery disease which leads to 17 million deaths annually. Neutron scattering studies on membranes or lipid-protein complexes exploiting contrast variation have been limited by the lack of availability of fully deuterated biomolecules and especially perdeuterated cholesterol. The availability of perdeuterated cholesterol provides a unique way of probing the structural and dynamical properties of the lipoprotein complexes that underly many of these disease conditions. Here we describe a procedure for in vivo production of perdeuterated recombinant cholesterol in lipid-engineered Pichia pastoris using flask and fed batch fermenter cultures in deuterated minimal medium. Perdeuteration of the purified cholesterol was verified by mass spectrometry and its use in a neutron scattering study was demonstrated by neutron reflectometry measurements using the FIGARO instrument at the ILL.
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