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- Landin-Olsson, M., et al.
(författare)
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Islet cell and thyrogastric antibodies in 633 consecutive 15- to 34-yr-old patients in the diabetes incidence study in Sweden
- 1992
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Ingår i: Diabetes. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0012-1797 .- 1939-327X. ; 41:8, s. 1022-1027
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of age on ICA and thyrogastric antibodies at diagnosis of IDDM was evaluated in 633 consecutively diagnosed Swedish diabetic patients aged 15-34 yr and in 282 volunteers of the same age. ICAs were present in 61% (383 of 633) of the patients and in 2% (5 of 282) of control subjects. When the initial classification was considered, ICAs were detected in 69% (327 of 473) of patients with IDDM, 23% (19 of 83) of those with NIDDM, 50% (36 of 72) of those with unclassifiable diabetes, and 20% (1 of 5) of those with secondary diabetes. The frequency of ICA fell significantly (P < 0.001) with age in IDDM patients from 77% (104/135) in those 15-19 yr old to 52% (50 of 96) in 30- to 34-yr-old IDDM patients. The low frequency of ICA in 30- to 34-yr-old IDDM patients was confined to men (42%, 28 of 66). The frequency of gastric (H+, K+-ATPase) antibodies was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in IDDM patients (10%, 47 of 449) than in patients with NIDDM (3%, 3 of 80) and unclassifiable diabetes (4%, 3 of 72). In conclusion, the frequency of ICA at the diagnosis of IDDM in young adult subjects decreases with increasing age, particularly in men. The frequent finding of ICA in patients considered to have NIDDM or unclassifiable diabetes indicates that misclassification of diabetes is frequent in young adult patients recently diagnosed with diabetes.
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| 2. |
- Landin-Olsson, M, et al.
(författare)
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Predictive value of islet cell and insulin autoantibodies for type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in a population-based study of newly-diagnosed diabetic and matched control children
- 1992
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Ingår i: Diabetologia. - 0012-186X. ; 35:11, s. 73-1068
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most studies evaluating immune markers for prediction of Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus have focused on first degree relatives, although only 10% of newly-diagnosed patients have an affected first degree relative. The Swedish Childhood Diabetes Register identifies 99% of all diabetic children at diagnosis. In this population-based study, islet cell antibodies and insulin autoantibodies in 0-14-year-old Swedish consecutively-diagnosed patients and control subjects were analysed to define their sensitivity and specificity. Over 16 months (1986-1987), 515 Swedish children developed diabetes. Plasma samples were obtained from 494 (96%) patients, and 420 matched control children. Among patients, the frequency of islet cell antibodies was 84% (415 of 494), insulin autoantibodies 43% (145 of 334); 40% (135 of 334) were positive for both and 88% (294 of 334) were positive for one or both. Among control children, 3% (14 of 420) had islet cell antibodies, 1% (4 of 390) insulin autoantibodies, and 4% (16 of 390) had either autoantibody marker. The predictive value of finding a patient with the disease was only 7% since 4% of the control children were antibody-positive and the cumulative incidence rate up to 15 years of age is 0.38%. None of the autoantibody-positive (n = 21) or negative control children developed diabetes during 3 to 5 years of follow-up. Longitudinal investigations of islet cell or insulin-autoantibody-positive healthy children are necessary to accurately determine the conversion rate from marker positivity to disease onset.
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| 5. |
- Olsson, L E, et al.
(författare)
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Three-dimensional dose mapping from gamma knife treatment using a dosimeter gel and MR-imaging
- 1992
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Ingår i: Radiotherapy and Oncology. - 0167-8140. ; 24:2, s. 6-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new method has been investigated for the mapping of dose distributions in three dimensions delivered by the Leksell gamma knife. The irradiation unit is used to selectively treat small volumes in the brain with single high doses of ionising radiation--a treatment procedure known as radiosurgery. The dosimetry method investigated utilises a dosimeter gel consisting of ferrous sulphate solution and agarose which is, prior to irradiation, loaded into a cavity in a spherical phantom. Chemical changes induced in the gel by the radiation are measured by means of an MR-scanner. This imaging method permits rapid evaluation of the dose distribution in an irradiated volume. It thus offers a potential verification of individual radiation intracranial target treatment regimes as well as quality assurance measurements, assuming that the precision and accuracy of the dose mapping are adequate. The dose and its distribution registered by the gel dosimeter, in this initial experiment, are in good agreement with corresponding computed data obtained with the KULA treatment planning system of the gamma knife. The gel has thus the potential of being an attractive alternative dose mapping method to those used at present in radiosurgery, i.e. radiographic film and small ionisation chambers. The precision of the dosimeter gel is, however, not yet sufficient high to be used as a basic dosimetry system for the gamma knife.
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| 10. |
- Wanders, A., et al.
(författare)
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Expression of an interferon-gamma-like substance in normal and transplanted rat heart tissue
- 1992
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Ingår i: J Heart Lung Transplant. ; 11:1 Pt 1, s. 142-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The presence of interferon-gamma-like molecules has been reported not only in lymphocytes, but also in certain nerve cells and in normal skeletal muscle. We have studied the reactivity of the anti-interferon-gamma monoclonal antibody DB1 with frozen sections of normal and transplanted rat hearts. Cardiac grafts from PVG donor rats were transplanted to syngeneic PVG recipients or allogeneic Wistar/Kyoto recipient rats with the use of an accessory cervical heart transplantation technique. The allogeneic heart transplants were harvested 4 days and the syngeneic grafts 4 weeks after transplantation. In normal hearts there was a weak but distinct reactivity with the anti-interferon-gamma antibody in most muscle cells. In addition, some lymphocytes and the Purkinje fibers were positive. Hearts transplanted over an allogeneic barrier revealed that staining for interferon-gamma on muscle cells was substantially increased whereas no or only a moderate increase in the anti-interferon-gamma staining was seen in hearts transplanted to syngeneic recipients. These data indicate that interferon-gamma present in rat myocyte may be involved in the pathophysiology of graft rejection and also suggest that interferon-gamma may be of importance for the function of normal rat heart muscle cells.
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