| 1. |
- Ahlström, Lars-Henric, et al.
(författare)
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Determination of banned azo dyes in consumer goods
- 2005
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Ingår i: Trac. Trends in Analytical Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936. ; 24:1, s. 49-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Azo dyes, extensively used for coloring a variety of consumer goods, such as leather, clothes, food, and toys, can under certain conditions be reduced to form confirmed or suspected carcinogenic aromatic amines. This article gives an overview of the state of development of analytical procedures for the determination of such azo dyes, which are banned by the European Commission. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 2. |
- Allan, Ian J., et al.
(författare)
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Strategic monitoring for the European Water Framework Directive
- 2006
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Ingår i: TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936. ; 25:7, s. 704-715
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article first reviews the principal monitoring requirements of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) of the European Union (EU) and assesses how contaminant monitoring may fit into a risk-assessment approach. In this context, we show the limited ability of conventional trace-contaminant-monitoring methods to fulfil all of the WFD requirements. We then clearly define and exemplify the roles and the functions of a new set of monitoring tools, using three case studies based on datasets that we obtained during a field trial in the River Meuse as part of the Screening methods for Water data InFormaTion (SWIFT-WFD) project in support of implementing the WFD.
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| 3. |
- Björklund, Erland, et al.
(författare)
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New strategies for extraction and clean-up of persistent organic pollutants from food and feed samples using selective pressurized liquid extraction
- 2006
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Ingår i: Trac. Trends in Analytical Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936. ; 25:4, s. 318-325
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) has gained wide acceptance for the extraction of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) from various environmental and biological matrices. This extraction technique was developed to shorten the extraction step, since this is one of the most time-consuming steps in many analytical procedures. When POPs enter the food chain, as in a number of recent food crises, thousands of samples have to be analyzed in a short time to protect humans from severe POP exposure. In such cases, PLE provides a good alternative to conventional extraction techniques. This article gives an overview of a number of studies of the extraction of POPs from food and feed, using PLE. Of special interest are applications dealing with selective extraction procedures, where integrated clean-up strategies are utilized to combine extraction and clean-up or fractionation to simplify further the entire sample-preparation chain. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 4. |
- Forsum, Urban, 1946-, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of qualitative analysis in laboratory medicine
- 2005
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Ingår i: TrAC. Trends in analytical chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936 .- 1879-3142. ; 24:6, s. 546-555
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laboratory medicine is a challenge for the metrologically and terminologically inclined scientist. One main reason is the need for a sound theory that can be applied in a systematic way to cover all aspects of examinations, i.e., those procedures whose results are reported on an ordinal scale and those reported on more primitive scales (e.g., classifications and narratives). Validation of procedures for examinations involving properties on a nominal scale is especially difficult to achieve because it is hard to find gold standards, in the conventional sense, against which to validate and which combine performance characteristics and clinically relevant specificity and sensitivity. We present a systematic, unambiguously defined terminology (the C-NPU coding scheme) for metrologically derived terms for expressing properties, and present some examples of how to attain diagnostic goals. If the analytic process in the laboratory can be subsumed into medical contexts in a systematic way, many pitfalls in reporting results can be avoided. © 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
- Hagmar, Lars
(författare)
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GC-MS links POPs to diabetes
- 2006
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Ingår i: Trac. Trends in Analytical Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936. ; 25:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Korytár, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography for the analysis of organohalogenated micro-contaminants
- 2006
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Ingår i: Trends in Analytical Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936. ; 25, s. 373-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We explain the principles of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC), and discuss key instrumental aspects – with emphasis on column combinations and mass spectrometric detection. As the main item of interest, we review the potential of GC × GC for the analysis of organohalogenated micro-contaminants, and highlight its superiority over conventional 1D-GC. We present results for 12 compound classes, including polychlorinated biphenyls, dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans, and n-alkanes, toxaphene and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. We draw attention to target analysis as well as within-class and between-class separations.
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| 8. |
- Liu, Jing-fu, et al.
(författare)
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Application of ionic liquids in analytical chemistry
- 2005
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Ingår i: Trac. Trends in Analytical Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936. ; 24:1, s. 20-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Room-temperature ionic liquids (ILs) are gaining wide recognition as novel solvents in chemistry. Their application in analytical chemistry, especially in separating analytes, is merited because ILs have some unique properties, such as negligible vapor pressure, good thermal stability, tunable viscosity and miscibility with water and organic solvents, as well as good extractability for various organic compounds and metal ions. This review gives a brief overview of the application of ILs in analytical chemistry, including sample preparation, chromatographic/capillary electrophoretic (CE) separation, and detection. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 9. |
- Makos, Monique A., et al.
(författare)
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Chemical measurements in Drosophila
- 2009
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Ingår i: TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry. - 0165-9936. ; 28:11, s. 1223-1234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has been extensively used as a model organism in genetics research and has significantly contributed to understanding molecular, cellular and evolutionary aspects of human behavior. Recently, research has focused on developing analytical methods to obtain highly sensitive chemical quantification along with spatiotemporal information from Drosophila melanogaster. We review a number of these advances in capillary electrophoresis, high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and technologies involving intact organisms, including in vivo electrochemistry.
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| 10. |
- Vrana, Branislav, et al.
(författare)
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Passive sampling techniques for monitoring pollutants in water
- 2005
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Ingår i: TrAC - Trends in Analytical Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-9936. ; 24:10, s. 845-868
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We review the state of the art in using passive sampling technol. for environmental monitoring of waterborne org. and inorg. pollutants. We discuss strategies for sampler design, calibration, in situ sampling and quality-control issues, and advantages and challenges assocd. with passive sampling in aq. environments. We then review typical applications of passive samplers in assessing the aquatic environment. [on SciFinder (R)]
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