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- Hammes, T. O., et al.
(author)
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Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG reduces hepatic fibrosis in a model of chronic liver disease in rats
- 2017
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In: Nutricion Hospitalaria. - : ARAN Ediciones. - 0212-1611 .- 1699-5198. ; 34:3, s. 702-709
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The intestinal dysbiosis is common in chronic liver disease and can induce to inflammatory responses and mediate the collagen deposition in the liver. Aim: To evaluate the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) for the treatment of liver fibrosis in a model of chronic cholestatic liver disease in rats. Methods: Male adult Wistar rats (n = 29) were submitted to common bile duct ligation (BDL groups) or manipulation of common bile duct without ligation (Ctrl groups).Two weeks after surgery, each group was randomly divided to receive 1 ml of PBS (Ctrl and BDL) or PBS containing 2.5 x 10(7) CFU of LGG (Ctrl-P and BDL-P) through gavages for 14 days. Euthanasia occurred 33 days after surgery when samples of blood and liver tissue were collected. Results: The hepatic gene expression of Tlr4, Tnf alpha, IL-6, Tgf beta, and metalloproteinase-2 and -9 were higher in the BDL groups in comparison to Ctrl. The ductular reaction evaluated by immunocontent of cytokeratin-7 (CK7) and the content of collagen were increased in BDL groups. Also, there was an imbalance in the antioxidant defenses (superoxide dismutase and catalase) and an increase in the oxidative stress marker sulfhydryl in BDL groups. The treatment with LGG significantly reduced gene expression of IL-6, collagen deposition, and ductular reaction in hepatic tissue of animals from BDL-P groups. Conclusion: The treatment with the probiotic LGG was able to reduce liver fibrosis, ductular reaction, and hepatic gene expression of IL-6 in a model of cholestatic liver disease in rats.
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| 2. |
- Mariscal-Arcas, Miguel, et al.
(author)
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Differences in food intake and nutritional habits between Spanish adolescents who engage in ski activity and those who do not
- 2015
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In: Nutrición Hospitalaria. - : Aula Medica Ediciones. - 0212-1611 .- 1699-5198. ; 31:2, s. 936-943
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Increasing obesity among adolescents in the industrialized world may result from poor nutritional habits and inadequate exercise.AIM: To determine differences in food intake, nutritional habits, and body mass index between Spanish adolescents who engage in ski activity and those who do not.METHODS: A socio-demographic survey, food frequency questionnaire, 24-hr dietary recall, and physical activity questionnaire were completed by 300 Spanish schoolchildren aged 10 to 18 yrs. RESULTS were compared (Student's t, chi-square and Fisher's exact test) between adolescents engaged (SP) and not engaged (N-SP) in skiing according to their sex.RESULTS: SP adolescents devoted > 4 h/day to physical activity versus < 1 h for N-SP adolescents. No significant differences were found in nutrient intake or nutritional habits between SP and N-SP adolescents. Protein and fat intakes of both groups were above recommended levels. A higher proportion of N-SP than SP males were overweight. Logistic regression analysis showed that the maintenance of a normal weight was favored by the practice of skiing, the consumption of sugar-free drinks, and supplementation with vitamins/mineral salts and was negatively associated with body weight dissatisfaction, intake of nutritional supplements other than vitamins or minerals, and the consumption of snacks.CONCLUSIONS: The diet of this adolescent population was poorly balanced. Engagement in physical activity appears to be a key factor in maintaining a healthy body mass index.
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| 4. |
- Monteagudo, Celia, 1984-, et al.
(author)
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School dietary habits and incidence of dental caries
- 2015
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In: Nutrición Hospitalaria. - : Aula Medica Ediciones. - 0212-1611. ; 32:1, s. 383-388
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: healthy dietary habits are considered to improve oral health and tooth quality. Caries treatment comprises tooth restoration with dental composites and sealants, almost all (> 90%) of which contain bisphenol A (BPA). Study hypotheses were: a) breakfast and oral hygiene habits are important factors in dental caries development; and b) dental caries treatment with epoxy-resins entails a risk of oral exposure to monomers migrating from the polymeric material. We evaluated caries in the teeth of a Spanish school population and determined the percentage treated with dental composites.OBJECTIVE: to relate consumption of breakfast components and oral hygiene habits to dental caries and determine the presence of sealants/composites as potential sources of BPA exposure.METHODS: subjects: 582 schoolchildren from Granada city (Southern Spain) aged 7 yrs; mean (SD) of 7.55 (0.64) yrs.RESULTS: caries was detected in 21.7% of their teeth. Mean breakfast quality index (BQI) score, based on nutritional questionnaires, was 5.18 (1.29). Breakfast with foods rich in simple sugars representing > 5% of total daily energy was consumed by 24% of the population and was significantly associated with caries frequency in binary logistic regression analysis. Biscuit consumption was reported by 35.8% and significantly associated with caries frequency. Breakfast intake of bakery products/ cereals and of dairy products showed a significant inverse association with caries frequency. No significant relationship was observed between caries and BQI score or oral hygiene factors.CONCLUSION: further research is required to elucidate the role of diet in caries and the associated risk of exposure to estrogenic xenobiotics such as BPA.
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| 5. |
- Sese, M, et al.
(author)
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[Not Available]
- 2016
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In: Nutricion hospitalaria. - : ARAN Ediciones. - 1699-5198 .- 0212-1611. ; 33:3, s. 533-539
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Antecedentes: los diferentes componentes corporales pueden contribuir al desarrollo de resistencia a la insulina y diabetes mellitus de tipo 2. Elobjetivo del presente estudio fue examinar la asociación entre la masa grasa y la masa libre de grasa con marcadores de resistencia a la insulina,valorando de forma independiente cada uno de ellos y aportando información específi ca por sexo, en una amplia cohorte de adolescentes europeos.Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal en el ámbito escolar en 925 (430 varones) adolescentes (14,9 ± 1,2 años). Se midieron peso, talla,pliegues cutáneos e impedancia bioeléctrica. Se calcularon índices de masa grasa y libre de grasa y se calculó el índice HOMA. Se realizaronanálisis de regresión múltiple ajustándolos según varios factores de confusión, incluyendo la masa libre de grasa y masa grasa cuando fue posible.Resultados: los índices de masa grasa se asociaron positivamente con HOMA (todos p < 0,01) después de ajustarlos según todos los factoresde confusión, incluidos los marcadores de masa libre de grasa, en ambos sexos. Los índices de masa libre de grasa se asociaron con HOMA,tanto en hombres como en mujeres, después de ajustar por país, estadio puberal, nivel socio-económico y capacidad cardiorrespiratoria, perolas asociaciones desaparecieron al incluir marcadores de masa grasa en el modelo de ajuste.Conclusión: índices de masa grasa obtenidos según diferentes métodos se asocian con la resistencia a la insulina, independientemente de variosfactores de confusión, incluyendo los índices de masa libre de grasa. Además, la cantidad de masa grasa infl uye en la relación de la masa libre de grasacon resistencia a la insulina en adolescentes europeos. Los estudios futuros deberían centrarse no solo en el papel de la masa grasa, sino también enel de otros componentes corporales como la masa libre de grasa, ya que su papel podría variar dependiendo del nivel y distribución de masa grasa.
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| 6. |
- Teran, José Manuel, et al.
(author)
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Social disparities in low birth weight among Spanish mothers during the economic crisis (2007-2015)
- 2018
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In: Nutrición Hospitalaria. - : ARAN Ediciones. - 0212-1611 .- 1699-5198. ; 35, s. 129-141
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: to evaluate the impact of the economic crisis on the disparities in the prevalence and risk of low birth weight (LBW) according to the maternal socioeconomic profile.Methods: the data analysed corresponds to 1,779,506 single births to Spanish mothers in the years 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013 and 2015. The temporal changes in available maternal-foetal variables are described. Secondly, the possible increase in disparities in prevalence and risk of LBW due to the occupation and education of the mother is evaluated, taking 2007 as the reference year.Results: a trend of the maternal profile is described among women who had children during this period, with an increasing contribution of highly qualified professional and educated women, a trend already existing before the economic crisis, but which was deepened by the recession. The prevalence of LBW increased in all socio-economic groups, with a marked increase in disparities during the worst years of the economic crisis.Conclusion: results confirm the persistence of social inequalities in perinatal health described prior to the economic crisis, as well as a possibly negative effect of the recession between 2007 and 2015. Results also confirm that disparities in LBW are more clearly associated with the educational level of mothers than with their occupation.
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