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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Boije, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Temporal and spatial expression of transcription factors FoxN4, Ptf1a, Prox1, Isl1 and Lim1 mRNA in the developing chick retina
- 2008
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Ingår i: Gene Expression Patterns. - : Elsevier BV. - 1567-133X .- 1872-7298. ; 8:2, s. 117-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transcription factors are pivotal in regulating cell fate and development. We analyzed five transcription factors - FoxN4, Ptf1a, Prox1, Isl1 and Lim1 - with putative functions in the formation of early-generated retinal interneurons. A full-length chicken FoxN4 cDNA was characterized and in situ as well as RT-PCR showed that FoxN4 expression commenced already in the stage 12-14 optic vesicles. Ptf1a, Prox1, Isl1 and Lim1 expression appeared later by stage 20-24, concomitant with the first post-mitotic ganglion-, amacrine- and horizontal cells. The FoxN4 and Ptf1a expression was transient with peak levels by stage 32-35. Expression disappeared as the retinal progenitor cells differentiated. Prox1, Isl1 and Lim1 expression remained in several differentiated cells including the horizontal cells. The order of expression supports a scheme where Ptf1a and Prox1 is downstream of FoxN4 and that FoxN4 and Ptf1a have transient roles during fate specification while Prox1, Isl1 and Lim1 have roles that are important for the generation of the neuronal subtypes.
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| 4. |
- Correa-Medina, Mayrin, et al.
(författare)
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MicroRNA miR-7 is preferentially expressed in endocrine cells of the developing and adult human pancreas.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Gene Expression Patterns. - : Elsevier BV. - 1567-133X .- 1872-7298. ; 9:4, s. 193-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small non-coding RNAs that inhibit gene expression through binding to complementary messenger RNA sequences. miRNAs have been predicted to target genes important for pancreas development, proper endocrine cell function and metabolism. We previously described that miRNA-7 (miR-7) was the most abundant and differentially expressed islet miRNA, with 200-fold higher expression in mature human islets than in acinar tissue. Here we have analyzed the temporal and spatial expression of miR-7 in human fetal pancreas from 8 to 22 weeks of gestational age (wga). Human fetal (8-22wga) and adult pancreases were processed for immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and quantitative RT-PCR of miRNA and mRNA. miR-7 was expressed in the human developing pancreas from around 9wga and reached its maximum expression levels between 14 and 18wga, coinciding with the exponential increase of the pancreatic endocrine hormones. Throughout development miR-7 expression was preferentially localized to endocrine cells and its expression persisted in the adult pancreas. The present study provides a detailed analysis of the spatiotemporal expression of miR-7 in developing human pancreas. The specific localization of miR-7 expression to fetal and adult endocrine cells indicates a potential role for miR-7 in endocrine cell differentiation and/or function. Future functional studies of a potential role for miR-7 function in islet cell differentiation and physiology are likely to identify novel targets for the treatment of diabetes and will lead to the development of improved protocols for generating insulin-producing cells for cell replacement therapy.
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| 5. |
- Gritli Linde, Amel, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Expression patterns of the Tmem16 gene family during cephalic development in the mouse
- 2009
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Ingår i: Gene Expression Patterns. - : Elsevier BV. - 1567-133X. ; 9:3, s. 178-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tmem16a, Tmem16c, Tmem16f, Tmem16h and Tmem16k belong to the newly identified Tmem16 gene family encoding eight-pass transmembrane proteins. We have analyzed the expression patterns of these genes during mouse cephalic development. In the central nervous system, Tmem16a transcripts were abundant in the ventricular neuroepithelium, whereas the other Tmem16 family members were readily detectable in the subventricular zone and differentiating fields. In the rostral spinal cord, Tmem16f expression was highest in the motor neuron area. In the developing eye, the highest amounts of Tmem16a transcripts were detected in the lens epithelium, hyaloid plexus and outer layer of the retina, while the other family members were abundant in the retinal ganglionic cell layer. Interestingly, throughout development, Tmem16a expression in the inner ear was robust and restricted to a subset of cells within the epithelium, which at later stages formed the organ of Corti. The stria vascularis was particularly rich in Tmem16a and Tmem16f mRNA. Other sites of Tmem16 expression included cranial nerve and dorsal root ganglia, meningeal precursors and the pituitary. Tmem16c and Tmem16f transcripts were also patent in the submandibular autonomic ganglia. A conspicuous feature of Tmem16a was its expression along the walls of blood vessels as well as in cells surrounding the trigeminal and olfactory nerve axons. In organs developing through epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, such as the palate, tooth and tongue, the above five Tmem16 family members showed interesting dynamic expression patterns as development proceeded. Finally and remarkably, osteoblasts and chondrocytes were particularly loaded with Tmem16a, Tmem16c and Tmem16f transcripts.
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| 6. |
- Kitambi, Satish Srinivas, et al.
(författare)
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The zebrafish orphan nuclear receptor genes nr2e1 and nr2e3 are expressed in developing eye and forebrain
- 2007
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Ingår i: Gene Expression Patterns. - : Elsevier BV. - 1567-133X .- 1872-7298. ; 7:4, s. 521-528
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mammalian Nr2e1 (Tailless, Mtll or Tlx) and Nr2e3 (photoreceptor-specific nuclear receptor, Pnr) are highly related orphan nuclear receptors, that are expressed in eye and forebrain-derived structures. In this study, we analyzed the developmental expression patterns of zebrafish nr2e1 and nr2e3. RT-PCR analysis showed that nr2e1 and nr2e3 are both expressed during embryonic and post-embryonic development. To examine the spatial distribution of nr2e1 and nr2e3 during development whole-mount in situ hybridization was performed. At tailbud stage, initial nr2e1 expression was localized to the rostral brain rudiment anterior to pax2.1 and eng2 expression at the prospective midbrain-hindbrain boundary. During Subsequent stages, nr2e1 became widely expressed in fore- and midbrain primordia, eye and olfactory placodes. At 24 hpf, strong nr2e1 expression was detected in telencephalon, hypothalamus, dorsal thalamus, pretectum, midbrain tectum, and retina. At 2 dpf, the initially widespread nr2e1 expression became more restricted to distinct regions within the fore- and midbrain and to the retinal ciliary margin, the germinal zone which gives rise to retina and presumptive iris. Express on of nr2e3 was exclusively found in the developing retina and epiphysis. In both structures, nr2e3 expression was found in photoreceptor cells. The developmental expression profile of zebrafish nr2e1 and nr2e3 is consistent with evolutionary conserved functions in eye and rostral brain structures.
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| 7. |
- Kotarsky, Heike, et al.
(författare)
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BCS1L is expressed in critical regions for neural development during ontogenesis in mice.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Gene Expression Patterns. - : Elsevier BV. - 1567-133X. ; 7, s. 266-273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BCS1L is a chaperone necessary for the incorporation of Rieske Fes and Qcr10p into complex III (CIII) of the respiratory chain. Mutations in the BCS1L gene cause early fetal growth restriction and a lethal neonatal disease in humans, however, the pathogenesis remains unclear. Here, we analysed the expression of BCS1L during mouse embryonic development and compared its expression with that of the mitochondrial markers Porin, GRIM 19, Core 1, and Rieske Fes. BCS1L was strongly expressed in embryonic tissues already at embryonic days 7 (E7) and 9 whereas the expression of Porin and Rieske Fes was not as evident at this time point. At E 11, BCS1L, Porin, and Rieske Fes had overlapping expression patterns in organs known to contain high numbers of mitochondria such as heart, liver and somites. In contrast, BCS1L was differently distributed compared to the mitochondrial proteins Porin, Rieske FeS, Core I and Grim 19 in the floor plate of the E 11, E 12 and E 13 neural tube. These results show that the expression pattern of BCS1L only partially overlaps with the expression of Porin and Rieske Fes. Thus, BCS1L alone or in cooperation with Rieske FES may during development have previously unknown functions beside its role in assembly of complex III. The floor plate of the neural tube is essential for dorsal ventral patterning and the guidance of the developing neurons to their targets. The predominant expression of BCS1L in this region, together with its presence in peripheral ganglia from E13 onwards, indicates a role for BCS1L in the development of neural structures. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Nelander Wahlestedt, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Organization of the human embryonic ventral mesencephalon.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Gene Expression Patterns. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7298 .- 1567-133X. ; 9, s. 555-561
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The neurons in the ventral mesencephalon (VM) are organized into several nuclei consisting of distinct neuronal populations. These include the dopaminergic (DA) neurons of the substania nigra and ventral tegmental area, the oculomotor (OM) neurons that innervate the muscles controlling eye movement, and the reticular neurons of the red nucleus (RN) involved in motor control and coordination reviewed in Puelles (2007). The factors and genes that control the differentiation of the various neuronal populations in the VM have been extensively studied in the mouse and other model organisms but little is known about the progenitors and their protein expression in the developing human brain. In this study we analyze if key regulators identified in rodents are also expressed in the human VM during embryonic development. We report that BLBP and LMX1A mark the floor plate and that FOXA2 is expressed in both the floor plate and basal plate of the human VM. The proneural transcription factors NGN2 and MASH1 are expressed in the ventricular zone of the human VM within and lateral to the floor plate. The post-mitotic DA neurons express TH as well as NURR1 and PITX3. ISL1 and BRN3A can be used to detect the cells of OM and RN, respectively. We show that many key developmental control factors are expressed in a temporal and spatial manner in the human VM essentially corresponding to what has been observed in the mouse. This data therefore suggest similar roles for these factors also in human VM development and dopamine neurogenesis.
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| 9. |
- Rus, Florentina, et al.
(författare)
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Expression pattern of Filamin-240 in Drosophila blood cells.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Gene Expr Patterns. - 1567-133X. ; 6:8, s. 928-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The expression pattern of Filamin-240 was studied in subsets of Drosophila blood cells by means of immunofluorescent staining and Western blot analysis with use of an antibody specific to a "filamin-folding domain", a consensus motif profile generated from the 20 existing filamin repeats. Expression of Filamin-240 is restricted to lamellocytes - a special blood cell type of the cellular immune response - and is involved in the regulation of lamellocyte development. In the cher1 homozygous larvae, which lack Filamin-240 protein, a vigorous lamellocyte differentiation occurs which is further enhanced upon in vivo immune challenge by a parasitic wasp, Leptopilina boulardi. By introducing a full-length transgene encoding the Drosophila Filamin-240 protein into the cher1 Filamin-deficient homozygous mutant, the mutant blood cell phenotype was rescued. These data demonstrate that the expression of Filamin-240 is strictly lamellocyte specific in Drosophila blood cells and that the protein is a suppressor of lamellocyte development.
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| 10. |
- Sjödal, My, et al.
(författare)
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Expression patterns of Shh, Ptc2, Raldh3, Pitx2, Isl1, Lim3 and Pax6 in the developing chick hypophyseal placode and Rathke's pouch.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Gene Expression Patterns. - : Elsevier BV. - 1567-133X .- 1872-7298. ; 8:7-8, s. 481-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The adenohypophysis is derived from a structure called the Rathke's pouch, which is an invagination of the hypophyseal placode. Hedgehog (Hh) and retinoic acid (RA) signals as well as several transcription factors have been suggested to play a role in the development of the adenohypophysis. We have therefore examined the expression pattern of Sonic hedgehog (Shh), the hedgehog receptor Patched2 (Ptc2), the retinoic acid producing enzyme Retinaldehyde dehydrogenase3 (Raldh3) and four transcription factors, Pitx2, Isl1, Lim3 and Pax6 in chick embryos from head fold stage to embryonic day (E) 4.5. We show that already at the head fold stage, Ptc2 is expressed in prospective hypophyseal placodal cells and that Shh is expressed in the underlying mesoderm. Moreover, Shh continues to be expressed in tissues surrounding the prospective adenohypophysis, and Ptc2 is expressed in prospective hypophyseal cells. Lim3 and Pax6 are expressed from stage 10 in the prospective hypophyseal placode, whereas Pitx2 starts to be expressed before stage 10. Pitx2 is together with Pax6 expressed in the entire domain of the Rathke's pouch. Raldh3 is detected at the 20 somite stage and is together with Lim3 expressed in the anterior part of the Rathke's pouch. Isl1 is expressed in the most posterior part of the hypophyseal ectoderm in a complementary pattern to Raldh3 and Lim3.
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