| 1. |
- Baison, John, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study identified novel candidate loci affecting wood formation in Norway spruce
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Plant Journal. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0960-7412 .- 1365-313X. ; 100:1, s. 83-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Norway spruce is a boreal forest tree species of significant ecological and economic importance. Hence there is a strong imperative to dissect the genetics underlying important wood quality traits in the species. We performed a functional genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 17 wood traits in Norway spruce using 178 101 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) generated from exome genotyping of 517 mother trees. The wood traits were defined using functional modelling of wood properties across annual growth rings. We applied a Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO-based) association mapping method using a functional multilocus mapping approach that utilizes latent traits, with a stability selection probability method as the hypothesis testing approach to determine a significant quantitative trait locus. The analysis provided 52 significant SNPs from 39 candidate genes, including genes previously implicated in wood formation and tree growth in spruce and other species. Our study represents a multilocus GWAS for complex wood traits in Norway spruce. The results advance our understanding of the genetics influencing wood traits and identifies candidate genes for future functional studies.
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| 4. |
- Barth, Sabine, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Water-Use-Efficiency of Forests Exposed to Elevated Carbon Dioxide and/or Elevated Tropospheric Ozone
- 2009
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Ingår i: 8th International Carbon Dioxide Conference, Jena Germany, 13-19 September 2009.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Effects of a 40-50% increase of ambient CO2 and O3, alone and in combination, on pure aspen and mixed aspen-birch forests were examined in the free air CO2-O3 enrichment experiment near Rhinelander, Wisconsin, USA (Aspen FACE). These atmospheric conditions represent the prediction for 2050. Trees exposed to elevated CO2 showed a significant increase in tree size, leave area index (LAI) and fine root production, while elevated O3 reduced tree size and LAI but not fine root biomass after 7 years of exposure (King et al. 2005). Measurements of sap flux and yearly stem wood production were made in 2004 and 2006, after >6 years of experimental treatments and after steady-state LAI had been reached. Water use efficiency (WUE) was determined as a function of yearly stem wood production and sap flux during the active growing seasons, between DOY 168-249.
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| 5. |
- Borgh, Ida, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and phase separation of (Ti,Zr)C
- 2014
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Ingår i: Acta Materialia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1359-6454 .- 1873-2453. ; 66, s. 209-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Synthesis and phase separation of (Ti,Zr)C were investigated in the present work. The (Ti,Zr)C phase was synthesized at 2200 C and subsequently aged at 1300 C for different times. The microstructure was investigated using X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy, and supplemented by first-principles calculations. The (Ti,Zr)C phase separates into a lamellar nanostructure with alternating Ti- and Zr-rich face-centered cubic domains as well as non-stoichiometric TiC and ZrC. The lamellar structure is a consequence of phase separation within the miscibility gap that is directionally constrained by high coherency stresses, as indicated by the first-principles calculations. Moreover, the increased hardness due to the phase separation suggests that the mixed carbide could be used as a strengthening constituent in, for example, cemented carbides.
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| 6. |
- Brannas, E., et al.
(författare)
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Use of the passive integrated transponder (PIT) in a fish identification and monitoring system for fish behavioral studies
- 1994
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Ingår i: Transactions of the American Fisheries Society. - 0002-8487 .- 1548-8659. ; 123:3, s. 395-401
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus, the system was developed in order to track individual differences. The authors demonstrate some of the applications in behavioral research, such as individual, general, and diet locomotor activity patterns, rheotactic behavior, and sociograms showing activity relationships among individuals within a group. -from Authors
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| 7. |
- Carlsson, Julia, et al.
(författare)
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Lean i äldreomsorg – en cylinderformad kloss i ett fyrkantigt hål? : En fallstudie om huruvida lean är en passande modell för svensk kommunal äldreomsorg
- 2016
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Managementmodellen lean uppstod i bilindustrin men har applicerats på helt andra typer av branscher, varav offentlig sektor är en av dem. Tidigare forskning visar att lean applicerat på offentliga tjänster passar bättre när tjänsten är av mer homogen karaktär såsom sophantering och parkförvaltning. Ändå visar en kartläggning av lean i Sverige att flest kommuner har implementerat lean inom äldreomsorg - vilket är en heterogen tjänst med höga krav på individanpassning.Syftet med den här fallstudien är att undersöka om lean således är en passande managementmodell för kommunal äldreomsorg. Baserat på sju intervjuer i två svenska kommuner har studien utgått från vad som påverkar kommuners möjlighet att arbeta lean på en filosofisk nivå (lean thinking).Resultatet visar att lean thinking i sin helhet inte är passande för äldreomsorgen, vilket framför allt beror på att offentliga verksamheter utöver brukaren ser socialnämnden och skattebetalare som kunder, vilket försvårar arbetet med lean som utgår från värde enligt kundens perspektiv. Däremot visar verksamheterna att de genom att arbeta med lean framförallt förbättrar processer som inte involverar brukaren, exempelvis administration och förrådsoch tvätthantering. Det frigör tid till värdeskapande aktiviteter för brukaren. Vi finner också att myndigheten som reglerar svensk äldreomsorg möjliggör för lean-inspirerat arbete inom äldreomsorg, framför allt på grund av arbetet med att utgå och anpassa tjänster till de faktiska behoven för brukaren istället för att begränsas till det redan befintliga tjänsteutbudet.
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| 8. |
- Chaix, Basile, et al.
(författare)
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A GPS-Based Methodology to Analyze Environment-Health Associations at the Trip Level : Case-Crossover Analyses of Built Environments and Walking
- 2016
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Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 184:8, s. 570-578
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental health studies have examined associations between context and health with individuals as statistical units. However, investigators have been unable to investigate momentary exposures, and such studies are often vulnerable to confounding from, for example, individual-level preferences. We present a Global Positioning System (GPS)-based methodology for segmenting individuals' observation periods into visits to places and trips, enabling novel life-segment investigations and case-crossover analysis for improved inferences. We analyzed relationships between built environments and walking in trips. Participants were tracked for 7 days with GPS receivers and accelerometers and surveyed with a Web-based mapping application about their transport modes during each trip (Residential Environment and Coronary Heart Disease (RECORD) GPS Study, France, 2012-2013; 6,313 trips made by 227 participants). Contextual factors were assessed around residences and the trips' origins and destinations. Conditional logistic regression modeling was used to estimate associations between environmental factors and walking or accelerometry-assessed steps taken in trips. In case-crossover analysis, the probability of walking during a trip was 1.37 (95% confidence interval: 1.23, 1.61) times higher when trip origin was in the fourth (vs. first) quartile of service density and 1.47 (95% confidence interval: 1.23, 1.68) times higher when trip destination was in the fourth (vs. first) quartile of service density. Green spaces at the origin and destination of trips were also associated with within-individual, trip-to-trip variations in walking. Our proposed approach using GPS and Web-based surveys enables novel life-segment epidemiologic investigations.
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| 10. |
- Danielsson, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Predictions of nitrogen doping in SiC epitaxial layers
- 2003
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Ingår i: Materials Science Forum, Vols. 433-436. ; , s. 137-140
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Growth of device quality epitaxial layers requires precise control of thickness and doping uniformities. Computer simulations can provide growers with the necessary knowledge for improving and optimizing the growth process. In this work, the CVD process is simulated in three dimensions, using a reaction-mass transport model. A simplified quantitative model for the nitrogen incorporation in intentionally doped 4H-SiC samples has been developed and applied to a wide range of process parameters. Different reaction schemes are necessary for the two faces of SiC to account for the different doping incorporation behavior. The simulations are validated by experimental data measured by SIMS with good agreement.
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