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- Andersson, Filip, et al.
(författare)
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A guess by an expert or a joint accumulation of experience? A study of the admission process in Swedish sport schools: perspectives from school sport teachers
- 2023
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Ingår i: Sport Coaching Review. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 2164-0629.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article we use the concept of Communities of Practice (CoP) to understand how Swedish school sport teachers enact the admission process, the identification and selection of student athletes, to Swedish national upper secondary elite sport schools (SNESS). Data were gathered by conducting six focus group interviews involving 18 school sports teachers representing six different sports. The findings indicate that the admission process is influenced by and enacted through sport-specific CoPs and include a strategic identification of athletes, a set of tools – physical aptitude tests, sport-specific training, interviews, social activities – and documents (matrices, forms, interview-guides). While the process constitutes individual subjective assessments of athletes, the findings also imply that the teachers’ common engagement is the central enterprise of their collective actions. The admission is a cooperative process where the teachers expend their collective competence, joint cumulative experience, to identify, assess, and select student athletes.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Baker, T
(författare)
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Critical care in low-income countries
- 2009
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Ingår i: Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH. - : Wiley. - 1365-3156 .- 1360-2276. ; 14:2, s. 143-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Ge, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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Bringing light into the dark triplet space of molecular systems
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 17:19, s. 13129-13136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A molecule or a molecular system always consists of excited states of different spin multiplicities. With conventional optical excitations, only the (bright) states with the same spin multiplicity of the ground state could be directly reached. How to reveal the dynamics of excited (dark) states remains the grand challenge in the topical fields of photochemistry, photophysics, and photobiology. For a singlet-triplet coupled molecular system, the (bright) singlet dynamics can be routinely examined by conventional femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy. However, owing to the involvement of intrinsically fast decay channels such as intramolecular vibrational redistribution and internal conversion, it is very difficult, if not impossible, to single out the (dark) triplet dynamics. Herein, we develop a novel strategy that uses an ultrafast broadband white-light continuum as a excitation light source to enhance the probability of intersystem crossing, thus facilitating the population flow from the singlet space to the triplet space. With a set of femtosecond time-reversed pump-probe experiments, we report on a proof-of-concept molecular system (i.e., the malachite green molecule) that the pure triplet dynamics can be mapped out in real time through monitoring the modulated emission that occurs solely in the triplet space. Significant differences in excited-state dynamics between the singlet and triplet spaces have been observed. This newly developed approach may provide a useful tool for examining the elusive dark-state dynamics of molecular systems and also for exploring the mechanisms underlying molecular luminescence/photonics and solar light harvesting.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Hofgren, Caisa, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison between two screening instruments for cognitive function; the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Barrow Neurological Institute Screen for Higher Cerebral Functions (BNIS).
- 2009
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Ingår i: 5th World Congress of the International Society of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine (ISPRM), Istanbul, Turkey.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objectives: To compare two methods for brief assessment of cognitive functions in a neurorehabilitation setting. The Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) is a well-known instrument for a brief, structured assessment of cognitive function. A more recent instrument, the Barrow Neurological Institute Screen for Higher Cerebral Functions was constructed to cover a broad range of cognitive functions including aspects of affect and awareness. Materials&Methods: 52 patients with neurological diagnosis (stroke, traumatic brain injury, anoxic brain injury, Parkinson´s disease) were assessed with the MMSE and the BNIS. Concordance of the scales was assessed with Goodman-Kruskal´s gamma and scale structure (parallel reliability) was explored with Rank Transformable Pattern of Agreement (RTPA). A linking to the ICF at item-level was performed. Results: 36 men and 16 women (median age 52 years) were recruited. Median number of days between admittance to hospital and screening was 47 (MMSE) and 51 (BNIS). Concordance between the two instruments was good with a gamma coefficient of 0.724 (p=0.0005). RTPA identified different width of the scale steps showing that BNIS discriminated between the subjects that reached the high end of the MMSE scale and MMSE discriminated somewhat better between individuals with lower scores. The MMSE covered 12 ICF categories on Body function and 14 on Activities and Participation. BNIS covered 18 categories on Body functions and 16 on Activities and Participation. Conclusion: The concordance between MMSE and BNIS was good but the scales are not completely interchangeable. The BNIS differentiated those who reached the ceiling on MMSE. More ICF categories on Body function were assessed with the BNIS which might explain this.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Kaptain, Rina Juel
(författare)
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Everyday life activities of people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease : performance, management and everyday technology use
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: When a person is living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), his/her participation in everyday life activities is challenged due to a complex multitude of symptoms. Moreover, everyday technology utilised in daily life at home and in society also impacts on participation in everyday life activities. Knowledge of everyday life activities and everyday technology use of persons with COPD is sparse but is important to obtain for use in pulmonary rehabilitation. The overall aim of this thesis was to evaluate and explore everyday life activities including everyday technology use in persons with COPD to generate knowledge that can be applied in COPD rehabilitation. Methods: To evaluate and explore everyday life activities, both quantitative and qualitative studies have been conducted using a cross-sectional design (Study I, II, IV) and qualitative interviews (Study III). First, a reliability testing was performed to ensure the psychometric evidence of the Everyday Technology Use Questionnaire (ETUQ) (Study I) to apply in the following data collection. Data for Study I were collected among persons both with and without COPD. In Study II, the associations between health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and activities of daily living (ADL) performance, everyday technology use and demographic data were investigated. In Study IV, ADL performance was further explored, and the relationship between observed and self-reported ADL performance and everyday technology use was investigated. Statistical analyses such as Svensson’s method for paired ordinal data, correlational and multiple regression analyses were applied in these studies. In Study III, the experiences and management of everyday life activities were explored through qualitative interviews, which were analysed using content analysis. All included participants in Study IIIV were diagnosed with COPD. Findings: An overall finding was that, although different concepts, ADL performance and everyday technology use were related and they were associated with HRQOL among people living with COPD. The personal ADL (PADL) tasks found to be most affected among the participants were related to moving around inside and outside the home, bathing and lower dressing. The instrumental ADL (IADL) tasks most affected were related to cleaning, washing and transportation. The ADL motor skills most challenging for persons with COPD were Positions, Stabilizes, and Endures, and for ADL process skills they were Organizes, Accommodates and Benefits. Inter-rater and test-retest reliability of ETUQ was initially confirmed. The overall ability to use everyday technology was relatively high in relation to the difficulty presented by the technologies included in the ETUQ. However, some participants demonstrated lower ability scores indicating a potential need for support also in using everyday technology. Lastly, the participants experienced a complex juggling when managing their everyday life activities, being constantly aware of bodily symptoms and limitations related to COPD, which meant that valued and pleasurable activities were not in focus and were not prioritised. Conclusion: The participants in this thesis were affected by their disease while performing both PADL and IADL tasks in which everyday technology was involved. Moreover, they experienced a complex juggling seeking to manage their everyday life activities being constantly aware of bodily symptoms and limitations related to COPD. It is therefore important in pulmonary rehabilitation to address and support persons with COPD in choosing and performing everyday life activities of personal interest and value for them and to support them in using everyday technology. By evaluating and exploring everyday life activities through the dimensions of doing, and in natural and relevant settings, this thesis can contribute with new insights into the field of COPD.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Noziere, Barbara, et al.
(författare)
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Radical-initiated formation of organosulfates and surfactants in atmospheric aerosols
- 2010
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 37:L05806
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many atmospheric aerosols contain both organic compounds and inorganic material, such as sulfate salts. In this work, we show that these sulfates could trigger some chemical transformations of the organic compounds by producing sulfate radicals, SO4−, when exposed to UV light (280–320 nm). In particular, we show by mass spectrometry (LC/ESI-MSMS) that isoprene, methyl vinyl ketone, methacrolein, and α-pinene in irradiated sulfate solutions (ammonium and sodium sulfate) produce the same organosulfates as previously identified in aerosols, and even some that had remained unidentified until now. With a typical time constant of 9 h instead of 4600 days for esterifications, these radical reactions would be a plausible origin for the atmospheric organosulfates. These reactions also produced efficient surfactants, possibly resembling the long-chain organosulfates found in the experiments. Thus, photochemistry in mixed sulfate/organic aerosols could increase cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) numbers, which would be supported by previous atmospheric observations
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