| 1. |
- Abbafati, Cristiana, et al.
(författare)
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- 2020
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Agardh, Emilie E., et al.
(författare)
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Alcohol-attributed disease burden in four Nordic countries between 2000 and 2017 : Are the gender gaps narrowing? A comparison using the Global Burden of Disease, Injury and Risk Factor 2017 study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Drug and Alcohol Review. - : Wiley. - 0959-5236 .- 1465-3362. ; 40:3, s. 431-442
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction and Aims. The gender difference in alcohol use seems to have narrowed in the Nordic countries, but it is not clear to what extent this may have affected differences in levels of harm. We compared gender differences in all-cause and cause-specific alcohol-attributed disease burden, as measured by disability-adjusted life-years (DALY), in four Nordic countries in 2000-2017, to find out if gender gaps in DALYs had narrowed. Design and Methods. Alcohol-attributed disease burden by DALYs per 100 000 population with 95% uncertainty intervals were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease database. Results. In 2017, all-cause DALYs in males varied between 2531 in Finland and 976 in Norway, and in females between 620 in Denmark and 270 in Norway. Finland had the largest gender differences and Norway the smallest, closely followed by Sweden. During 2000-2017, absolute gender differences in all-cause DALYs declined by 31% in Denmark, 26% in Finland, 19% in Sweden and 18% in Norway. In Finland, this was driven by a larger relative decline in males than females; in Norway, it was due to increased burden in females. In Denmark, the burden in females declined slightly more than in males, in relative terms, while in Sweden the relative decline was similar in males and females. Discussion and Conclusions. The gender gaps in harm narrowed to a different extent in the Nordic countries, with the differences driven by different conditions. Findings are informative about how inequality, policy and sociocultural differences affect levels of harm by gender.
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| 3. |
- Agardh, Emilie E., et al.
(författare)
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Disease Burden Attributed to Drug use in the Nordic Countries : a Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. - 1557-1874 .- 1557-1882.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Nordic countries share similarities in many social and welfare domains, but drug policies have varied over time and between countries. We wanted to compare differences in mortality and disease burden attributed to drug use over time. Using results from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, we extracted age-standardized estimates of deaths, DALYs, YLLs and YLDs per 100 000 population for Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden during the years 1990 to 2019. Among males, DALY rates in 2019 were highest in Finland and lowest in Iceland. Among females, DALY rates in 2019 were highest in Iceland and lowest in Sweden. Sweden have had the highest increase in burden since 1990, from 252 DALYs to 694 among males, and from 111 to 193 among females. Norway had a peak with highest level of all countries in 2001-2004 and thereafter a strong decline. Denmark have had the most constant burden over time, 566-600 DALYs among males from 1990 to 2010 and 210-240 DALYs among females. Strict drug policies in Nordic countries have not prevented an increase in some countries, so policies need to be reviewed.
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| 4. |
- Li, Baojing, et al.
(författare)
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Educational level and the risk of mental disorders, substance use disorders and self-harm in different age-groups : A cohort study covering 1,6 million subjects in the Stockholm region
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research. - : Wiley. - 1049-8931 .- 1557-0657. ; 32:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the associations between low education and risk of mental disorders, substance use disorders and self-harm in different age-groups.Methods: All subjects in Stockholm born between 1931 and 1990 were linked to their own or their parent's highest education in 2000 and followed-up for these disorders in health care registers 2001–2016. Subjects were stratified into four age-groups: 10–18, 19–27, 28–50, and 51–70 years. Hazard Ratios with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were estimated with Cox proportional hazard models.Results: Low education increased the risk of substance use disorders and self-harm in all age-groups. Males aged 10–18 with low education had increased risks of ADHD and conduct disorders, and females a decreased risk of anorexia, bulimia and autism. Those aged 19–27 years had increased risks of anxiety and depression, and those aged 28–50 had increased risks of all mental disorders except anorexia and bulimia in males with Hazard Ratios ranging from 1.2 (95% CIs 1.0–1.3) for bipolar disorder to 5.4 (95% CIs 5.1–5.7) for drug use disorder. Females aged 51–70 years had increased risks of schizophrenia and autism.Conclusion: Low education is associated with risk of most mental disorders, substance use disorders and self-harm in all age-groups, but especially among those aged 28–50 years.
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| 5. |
- Manhica, Hélio, et al.
(författare)
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Poverty in adolescence and later drug use disorders : understanding the mediation and interaction effects of other psychiatric disorders
- 2022
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Ingår i: BJPsych Open. - : Royal College of Psychiatrists. - 2056-4724. ; 8:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Poverty in adolescence is associated with later drug use. Few studies have evaluated the role of adolescent psychiatric disorders in this association.AimsThis study aimed to investigate mediation and interaction simultaneously, enabling the disentanglement of the role of adolescent psychiatric disorders in the association between poverty in adolescent and later drug use disorders.Method: A national cohort study of 634 223 individuals born in 1985–1990, residing in Sweden between the ages of 13 and 18 years, was followed from age 19 years until the first in-patient or out-patient care visit with a diagnosis of drug use disorder. A four-way decomposition method was used to determine the total effect of the association with poverty and possible mediation by and/or interaction with diagnosis of adolescent psychiatric disorders.Results: The hazard ratios for drug use disorders among those experiencing poverty compared with those ‘never in poverty’ were 1.40 (95% CI, 1.32–1.63) in females and 1.43 (95% CI, 1.37–1.49) in males, after adjusting for domicile, origin and parental psychiatric disorders. Twenty-four per cent of this association in females, and 13% in males, was explained by interaction with and/or mediation by adolescent psychiatric disorders.Conclusions: Part of the association between poverty in adolescence and later drug use disorders was due to mediation by and/or interaction with psychiatric disorders. Narrowing socioeconomic inequalities in adolescence might help to reduce the risks of later drug use disorders. Interventions aimed at adolescents with psychiatric disorders might be especially important.
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