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- Koppel, Tarmo, et al.
(författare)
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Reducing Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields from Wireless Networking with Laptop Computers
- 2014
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Ingår i: <em>55th International Riga Technical University Conference SCEE’2014 “Scientific Conference on Economics and Entrepreneurship”</em>, Latvia, Rīga, 14-17 October, 2014. - Riga : RTU Press. - 9789934827525 ; , s. 1-2
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mobile modems are used with laptops to connect Internet wirelessly. Recently several organisations, including the WHO IARC and the European Union have emphasised health risk-management practices related to wireless devices. We present here radio frequency (RF) power density measurements when a wireless modem is 30 cm, 1 m and 5 m from a user. Our results indicate that by using a USB cable and adding distance between a user and a wireless modem, there is a substantial reduction of exposure. Additionally we noticed a great difference in GSM/EDGE versus 3G/HSDPA radiation power density levels. Therefore, precautionary principle and USB-cable related risk-management practise is recommended when utilising wireless modems with laptops.
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| 2. |
- Koppel, Tarmo, et al.
(författare)
-
The Shielding of Inbound Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields at Workplaces
- 2014
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Ingår i: Safety of Technogenic Environment. - : Riga Technical University. - 2451-313X .- 2255-8705 .- 2255-6923. ; 5, s. 29-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The emergence of new technologies and increased use of wireless voice and data transmissions has increased the human exposure to the radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs). Effective reduction measures of these fields have become more relevant in risk management at workplaces. Not only occupational health, but also counter-espionage and low electromagnetic interference are important arguments for RF EMF mitigation. This study investigates the most commonly used mitigation materials and methods of RF EMFs. The materials investigated in this study included: a graphite based paint; a wire netting; a foil paper; a metalized fabric; a transparent conductive film and other solutions. The study undertook two kinds of measurements: 1) a semi-controlled environment was created to test the mitigation materials/methods under equal conditions, 2) measurements were conducted before and after the implementation of the intervention measures in the actual living and working environments. The results revealed great differences in various mitigation materials and methods: under semicontrolled conditions the best shielding capability was achieved by metallized fabric, followed by iron wire netting and foil paper. Iron bars produced moderate screening whereas graphite paint and metallic frame proved to have little effect.
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