| 1. |
- Carville, S F, et al.
(författare)
-
EULAR evidence-based recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia syndrome
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 67:4, s. 536-541
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To develop evidence-based recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia syndrome. Methods: A multidisciplinary task force was formed representing 11 European countries. The design of the study, including search strategy, participants, interventions, outcome measures, data collection and analytical method, was defined at the outset. A systematic review was undertaken with the keywords "fibromyalgia", "treatment or management" and "trial". Studies were excluded if they did not utilise the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria, were not clinical trials, or included patients with chronic fatigue syndrome or myalgic encephalomyelitis. Primary outcome measures were change in pain assessed by visual analogue scale and fibromyalgia impact questionnaire. The quality of the studies was categorised based on randomisation, blinding and allocation concealment. Only the highest quality studies were used to base recommendations on. When there was insufficient evidence from the literature, a Delphi process was used to provide basis for recommendation. Results: 146 studies were eligible for the review. 39 pharmacological intervention studies and 59 non-pharmacological were included in the final recommendation summary tables once those of a lower quality or with insufficient data were separated. The categories of treatment identified were antidepressants, analgesics, and "other pharmacological" and exercise, cognitive behavioural therapy, education, dietary interventions and "other non-pharmacological". In many studies sample size was small and the quality of the study was insufficient for strong recommendations to be made. Conclusions: Nine recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia syndrome were developed using a systematic review and expert consensus.
|
|
| 2. |
- Antinori, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Updated research nosology for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Neurology. ; 69:18, s. 1789-99
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 1991, the AIDS Task Force of the American Academy of Neurology published nomenclature and research case definitions to guide the diagnosis of neurologic manifestations of HIV-1 infection. Now, 16 years later, the National Institute of Mental Health and the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke have charged a working group to critically review the adequacy and utility of these definitional criteria and to identify aspects that require updating. This report represents a majority view, and unanimity was not reached on all points. It reviews our collective experience with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), particularly since the advent of highly active antiretroviral treatment, and their definitional criteria; discusses the impact of comorbidities; and suggests inclusion of the term asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment to categorize individuals with subclinical impairment. An algorithm is proposed to assist in standardized diagnostic classification of HAND.
|
|
| 3. |
- Hensel, A, et al.
(författare)
-
Association between global brain volume and the rate of cognitive change in elderly humans without dementia
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders. - : S. Karger AG. - 1420-8008 .- 1421-9824. ; 19:4, s. 213-221
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with mild cognitive deficits experience different types of evolution. They are at increased risk of developing dementia, but they have also a chance of remaining stable in cognition or of improving. We investigated whether global brain volume, callosal size and hippocampal size are associated with the rate of cognitive change in elderly without dementia. Volumetric MR images were recorded from 39 controls and 35 patients with questionable dementia who were followed up longitudinally for a mean of 2.3 years. The outcome measure was the annual change in the test score in the Structured Interview for the Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Dementia and Multi-Infarct Dementia, which includes all items of the Mini-Mental State Examination. Global brain volume, grey matter volume and white matter volume were the only significant independent predictors of the rate of cognitive change.
|
|
| 4. |
- Arendt, Anthony A., et al.
(författare)
-
Glacier changes in Alaska : can mass-balance models explain GRACE mascon trends?
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Annals of Glaciology. - 0260-3055 .- 1727-5644. ; 50:50, s. 148-154
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Temperature and precipitation data from three weather stations in the St Elias Mountains of Alaska and northwestern Canada were used to drive one-dimensional (1-D) (elevation-dependent) and 0-D degree-day mass-balance models. Model outputs were optimized against a 10 day resolution time series of mass variability during 2003-07 obtained from Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mass concentration (mascon) solutions. The models explained 52-60% of the variance in the GRACE time series. Modelled mass variations matched the phase of the GRACE observations, and all optimized model parameters were within the range of values determined from conventional mass-balance and meteorological observations. We describe a framework for selecting appropriate weather stations and mass-balance models to represent glacier variations of large regions. There is potential for extending these calibrated mass-balance models forwards or backwards in time to construct mass-balance time series outside of the GRACE measurement window.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Dal Bello, F., et al.
(författare)
-
Improvement of the quality and shelf life of wheat bread by fermentation with the antifungal strain Lactobacillus plantarum FST 1.7
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Journal of Cereal Science. - London, United Kingdom : Elsevier. - 0733-5210 .- 1095-9963. ; 45:3, s. 309-318
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lactobacillus plantarum FST 1.7 was screened for in vitro antimicrobial activity and was shown to be active against spoilage moulds and bacteria. Isolation of antimicrobial compounds from cell-free supernatant identified lactic acid, phenyllactic acid and the two cyclic dipeptides cyclo ((L)-Leu-(L)-Pro) and cyclo ((L)-Phe-(L)-Pro) as the major components responsible for this activity. L. plantarum FST 1.7 was tested for the ability to produce the antifungal compounds during sourdough fermentation and to produce bread of good quality and increased shelf-life. A rheofermentometer was used to examine the gaseous release and development characteristics of the dough. A range of parameters was determined including pH, TTA and specific loaf volume. The results were compared with those obtained using Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis, a chemically acidified and a non-acidified dough. The quality of sourdough and bread produced using L. plantarum FST 1.7 was comparable to that obtained using common sourdough starters, e.g. L. sanfranciscensis. Sourdoughs and breads were evaluated for the ability to retard growth of Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium graminearum two fungi found on breads. Sourdough and bread produced with strain FST 1.7 showed consistent ability to retard the growth of both Fusarium species, thus indicating that L. plantarum FST 1.7 has also the potential to improve the shelf-life of wheat bread.
|
|
| 8. |
- Renstrom, P, et al.
(författare)
-
Non-contact ACL injuries in female athletes: an International Olympic Committee current concepts statement
- 2008
-
Ingår i: British journal of sports medicine. - : BMJ. - 1473-0480 .- 0306-3674. ; 42:6, s. 394-412
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury remains high in young athletes. Because female athletes have a much higher incidence of ACL injuries in sports such as basketball and team handball than male athletes, the IOC Medical Commission invited a multidisciplinary group of ACL expert clinicians and scientists to (1) review current evidence including data from the new Scandinavian ACL registries; (2) critically evaluate high-quality studies of injury mechanics; (3) consider the key elements of successful prevention programmes; (4) summarise clinical management including surgery and conservative management; and (5) identify areas for further research. Risk factors for female athletes suffering ACL injury include: (1) being in the preovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle compared with the postovulatory phase; (2) having decreased intercondylar notch width on plain radiography; and (3) developing increased knee abduction moment (a valgus intersegmental torque) during impact on landing. Well-designed injury prevention programmes reduce the risk of ACL for athletes, particularly women. These programmes attempt to alter dynamic loading of the tibiofemoral joint through neuromuscular and proprioceptive training. They emphasise proper landing and cutting techniques. This includes landing softly on the forefoot and rolling back to the rearfoot, engaging knee and hip flexion and, where possible, landing on two feet. Players are trained to avoid excessive dynamic valgus of the knee and to focus on the "knee over toe position'' when cutting.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
