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- Nyberg Berglund, Anna Britt, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence for parallel evolution and site-specific selection of serpentine tolerance in Cerastium alpinum during the colonization of Scandinavia
- 2004
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Ingår i: New Phytologist. - : Wiley. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 161:1, s. 199-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of Ni and Mg, two factors involved in the infertility of serpentine soils, were studied in the alpine plant Cerastium alpinum. Root growth of plants from adjacent serpentine and non-serpentine populations in Scandinavia, representing an eastern and western postglacial immigration lineage and the hybrid zone between them, were compared to study the adaptation of C. alpinum populations. • Seedlings were placed in solutions with low or high concentrations of Ni and Mg in a full factorial experiment according to a randomized block design. The growth of roots was analyzed and discussed in relation to the soil content. • The serpentine populations showed higher tolerance to Ni and Mg stress than non-serpentine populations. The degree of metal tolerance differed among the serpentine populations and was related to the effective concentrations of Ni and Mg in the soil at each site. • The results suggest that serpentine tolerance is locally evolved in C. alpinum and that tolerance has arisen in parallel during the postglacial colonization of Scandinavia on serpentine soils with similar composition.
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- Nyberg-Berglund, Anna-Britt, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic differentiation of a polyploid plant on ultramafic soils in Fennoscandia
- 2001
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Ingår i: South African Journal of Science. - 0038-2353 .- 1996-7489. ; 97:11-12, s. 533-535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The most common and widespread alpine plants on ultramafic soils in Fennoscandia belong to the Cerastium alpinum complex (Caryophyllaceae). This complex consists of polyploid alpine plants, which show great morphological variation. Both hairy and glabrous morphotypes are found on ultramafic soils. To shed light on the evolution and the postglacial colonization of the C. alpinum complex, we have studied the genetic differentiation of populations on ultramafic soils in Fennoscandia. Thirteen populations in Norway, Sweden and Finland were analysed by starch gel enzyme electrophoresis. Preliminary results show that there is a genetic and geographical differentiation of populations on ultramafic soils, resulting in one eastern and one western group. This suggests that there were two independent postglacial colonization events of C. alpinum on ultramafic soils in Fennoscandia. The hairy and glabrous morphotypes are found both in the eastern and western population groups, suggesting that the morphotypes on ultramafic soils have a multiple origin.
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- Nyberg Berglund, Anna Britt, et al.
(författare)
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Two postglacial immigration lineages of the polyploid Cerastium alpinum (Caryophyllaceae)
- 2001
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Ingår i: Hereditas. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0018-0661 .- 1601-5223. ; 134:2, s. 171-183
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The plant cover of Fennoscandia is young because of the recent glaciation. This study covers the early stages of diversification and the genetic consequences of postglacial migration of a hermaphroditic polyploid plant, Cerastium alpinum. It has a continuous distribution in the alpine region, where it grows on alpine heaths and serpentine soils that are rich in heavy metals. Within the boreal forest C. alpinum has a scattered distribution on serpentine, dolomite and steep slopes. Plants from 31 populations in Norway, Sweden and Finland were subjected to enzyme electrophoresis. Analyses of the enzyme phenotypes suggest that C. alpinum has colonized Fennoscandia through two postglacial immigration events resulting in a southeastern and a southwestern lineage. These two lineages seem to meet in a hybrid zone in northern Sweden. Large genetic differences were found among most populations in both the southeastern and the southwestern lineages. This suggests that the populations are effectively isolated from each other.
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| 7. |
- Rosell, Magdalena, et al.
(författare)
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Contribution of a manually coded part in an optically readable, precoded sevenday food record for the intake of energy, nutrients and foods
- 2003
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition/Næringsforskning. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1102-6480 .- 1651-2359. ; 47:3, s. 123-131
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This study investigated the contribution of a manually coded part (MP) in a precoded 7 day food record for the intake of energy, nutrients and foods. Design: The dietary intake was assessed in a cross-sectional study using an optically readable precoded 7 day food record. Biological markers for the intakes of protein, sodium and potassium were measured in 24 h urine samples. Underreporters were identified according to the Goldberg cut-off for energy intake:basal metabolic rate. The study setting was an outpatient clinic at Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. The subjects were 301 healthy men aged 63 years. Results: The MP represented 20% of the energy intake. Intakes recorded as free text were foods commonly eaten between meals, especially in the evening and were, with the exception of fruits, characterized as less healthy. The agreement between using the food record with and without the MP, respectively, was low for energy, carbohydrates, a-tocopherol and vitamin C, and high for retinol, vitamin D and vitamin B12. Underreporters recorded their food intake as free text to a lesser degree than did non-underreporters. When the MP was included in the food record, the percentage of energy from fat and carbohydrates increased and the percentage of energy from protein decreased. The biological markers for protein, sodium and potassium confirmed an improved validity of the dietary data when the MP was included. Conclusions: Inclusion of the food consumption recorded in free text influenced the dietary quality and indicated improved validity of the optically readable precoded food record. To increase the possibility of catching underreporting in dietary surveys, these findings emphasize the importance of the recording/ reporting of between-meal eating. Keywords: biological markers; dietary assessment; in-between meals; precoded food record; underreporting.
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