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- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of High Energy Physics. - 1029-8479 .- 1126-6708. ; :3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2. |
- Jevinger, Åse
(författare)
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Toward intelligent goods : characteristics, architectures and applications
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the context of globalization, the requirements on transport logistics continuously rise. Often goods travel through many different countries, using several transport modes and involving a number of different actors. Implementing some level of intelligence on the goods, which provide them with the capabilities to assist in the logistical activities, is one of the instruments that can be used to improve control and efficiency in transports and goods-handling. The concept of intelligent goods both opens up for new types of services and may be used to improve currently available services. The research is mainly focused on the characteristics, possible architectures, and applications of intelligent goods systems. In this context, an intelligent goods system refers to a number of interacting components, e.g. on-board units, servers, and RFID tags, which together provide intelligent goods services. Intelligent goods refer to goods with a higher degree of intelligence than just providing the ID of the goods, and generally the concept involve information processing and/or storage on or close to the goods, acting on behalf of the goods throughout the whole transport. The purpose of the studies is to investigate how intelligent goods can be used to improve goods transports in terms of more efficient goods-handling as well as better control of the goods and the transportation process, but also in terms of more efficient information sharing, e.g. between different actors. This may in turn provide reduced costs, environmental impact and usage of infrastructure. The research is concentrated on the communication and processing of information before, during and after transport. Most of the research results are applicable to ii goods transport by any mode, whereas some of the research has an emphasis on road transport. A framework is presented which can be used to describe intelligent goods systems, including the capabilities of the goods, necessary information entities related to the goods, as well as a number of primitive services that can be used as building blocks when creating more advanced intelligent goods services. Furthermore, a new approach to service description is proposed, which can be used to, amongst others, define an intelligent goods service and to perform architecture analyses. By identifying architectures corresponding to different service solutions, intelligent goods can be compared with other types of solutions, for instance more centralized approaches. In particular, different situations and services put different requirements on a system and the benefits of using intelligent goods vary. In order to investigate how intelligent goods may be applied in practice, two services have been examined in more detail: a dynamic shelf- life prediction service, and a consignment-level emission allocation service. These studies involve field tests, interviews and simulations. Finally, an investigation of how intelligent goods systems can be modelled as multi-agent systems is also included.
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| 5. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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The Outlook on Time Dimensions and a Person’s Regulatory Mode Profile
- 2016
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Ingår i: 3rd International Conference on Time Perspective, Copenhagen, Denmark..
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Individuals approach goals by first pondering about different ways and their own capability to reach that goal (i.e., assessment) and thereafter by putting things into motion by simply starting and keep doing the behavior (i.e., locomotion) that is supposed to take them all the way to the end of a happy road. People vary in the extent to which they use these two independent and dynamic modes to regulate their behavior. That is, some individuals have an assessor profile (i.e., high in assessment/low in locomotion) and others a locomotor profile (i.e., low assessment/high locomotion). Additionally, the independency of this regulatory system also implies the probability that some individuals have a low self-regulator profile (i.e., low assessment/low locomotion), yet others have a high self-regulator profile (i.e., high assessment/high locomotion). Using this self-regulatory mode profiles model, we investigated individual differences in time perspective dimensions (i.e., past positive, past negative, present hedonistic, present fatalistic, and future) in order to explore how the outlook on time is associated to changes in regulatory mode focus. Method: Participants (N = 515) answered to the Self-regulatory Mode Questionnaire and the Zimbardo’s Time Perspective Inventory. Profiling was conducted in the ROPstat software using Ward’s hierarchical cluster analysis. Results: Comparisons between individuals with profiles at the end extremes of the model showed that those with a locomotor profile scored higher than those with an assessor profile in the past positive and future time perspective dimensions and lower in the past negative and present fatalistic time perspective dimensions. Moreover, individuals with a high self-regulator profile scored higher than those with a low self-regulator profile in the past negative and the future time perspective dimensions. Comparisons between individuals who differed in one regulatory mode but where similar in the other suggested that high levels of past positive and low levels of both past negative and future were associated to low assessment when locomotion was high and to high locomotion when assessment was low. High levels in the future time perspective dimension were related to high levels of locomotion when assessment was high, while low levels of past negative were related to low assessment when locomotion was low. Conclusion: The model proposed here illustrates the complexity of a dynamic system of self-regulation in which the same antecedents can lead to different outcomes (i.e., multi-finality). For example, an outlook on time comprising a sentimental and positive view of the past (high past positive), a pessimistic attitude toward the past (high past negative), and the ability to find reward in achieving specific long-term goals (high future) was associated to changes from low assessment/high locomotion to either high assessment/high locomotion or low assessment/low locomotion. In other words, this specific outlook on time was associated to increases in assessment when locomotion was high but also to decreases in locomotion when assessment was low.
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