| 1. |
- Evander, Eva, et al.
(författare)
-
Role of ventilation scintigraphy in diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism: an evaluation using artificial neural networks.
- 2003
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1619-7070 .- 1619-7089. ; 30:7, s. 961-965
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to assess the value of the ventilation study in the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism using a new automated method. Either perfusion scintigrams alone or two different combinations of ventilation/perfusion scintigrams were used as the only source of information regarding pulmonary embolism. A completely automated method based on computerised image processing and artificial neural networks was used for the interpretation. Three artificial neural networks were trained for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. Each network was trained with 18 automatically obtained features. Three different sets of features originating from three sets of scintigrams were used. One network was trained using features obtained from each set of perfusion scintigrams, including six projections. The second network was trained using features from each set of (joint) ventilation and perfusion studies in six projections. A third network was trained using features from the perfusion study in six projections combined with a single ventilation image from the posterior view. A total of 1,087 scintigrams from patients with suspected pulmonary embolism were used for network training. The test group consisted of 102 patients who had undergone both scintigraphy and pulmonary angiography. Performances in the test group were measured as area under the receiver operation characteristic curve. The performance of the neural network in interpreting perfusion scintigrams alone was 0.79 (95% confidence limits 0.71–0.86). When one ventilation image (posterior view) was added to the perfusion study, the performance was 0.84 (0.77–0.90). This increase was statistically significant (P=0.022). The performance increased to 0.87 (0.81–0.93) when all perfusion and ventilation images were used, and the increase in performance from 0.79 to 0.87 was also statistically significant (P=0.016). The automated method presented here for the interpretation of lung scintigrams shows a significant increase in performance when one or all ventilation images are added to the six perfusion images. Thus, the ventilation study has a significant role in the diagnosis of acute lung embolism.
|
|
| 2. |
- Wahlund, Jan-Erik, et al.
(författare)
-
In situ measurements of Saturn's ionosphere show that it is dynamic and interacts with the rings
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 359:6371, s. 66-68
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ionized upper layer of Saturn's atmosphere, its ionosphere, provides a closure of currents mediated by the magnetic field to other electrically charged regions (for example, rings) and hosts ion-molecule chemistry. In 2017, the Cassini spacecraft passed inside the planet's rings, allowing in situ measurements of the ionosphere. The Radio and Plasma Wave Science instrument detected a cold, dense, and dynamic ionosphere at Saturn that interacts with the rings. Plasma densities reached up to 1000 cubic centimeters, and electron temperatures were below 1160 kelvin near closest approach. The density varied between orbits by up to two orders of magnitude. Saturn's A- and B-rings cast a shadow on the planet that reduced ionization in the upper atmosphere, causing a north-south asymmetry.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
- Fredriksson, Wendy, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
-
Corrosion Resistances and Passivation of Powder Metallurgical and Conventionally Cast 316L and 2205 Stainless Steels
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Corrosion Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0010-938X .- 1879-0496. ; 67, s. 268-280
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The corrosion resistances and passivation of austenitic 316L and duplex 2205 powder metallurgical (P/M) steels, produced by employing gas atomizing and hot isostatic pressing (HIP), have been compared with those of their conventional cast and forged counterparts. The P/M 316L steel is shown to have a significantly higher pitting corrosion resistance than the conventional 316L steel in 0.5 M HCl. Since the chemical composition and the total amount of inclusions were analogous for the two steels, the effect is ascribed to the finer grained microstructure for the P/M 316L steel yielding a better passive layer. This is supported by photoelectron spectroscopy data demonstrating differences between the thickness and composition of the passive layers for the two 316 L steels. Differences in the passivation process were also found for the different steels as three mixed potentials were observed in the polarization curves for the P/M and conventional 316L steels whereas only one mixed potential at about +0.7 V vs. Ag/AgCl was observed for the two duplex steels in 0.5 M HCl. The results indicate that discussions of the shapes of polarization curves and mixed potentials should be based on the anodic and cathodic partial currents, including the reduction of oxygen. HIP:ed P/M steels are clearly well-suited for applications requiring high pitting corrosion resistances.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- JOHNSON, HR, et al.
(författare)
-
OUTER LAYERS OF A CARBON STAR - THE VIEW FROM THE HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE
- 1995
-
Ingår i: ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL. - : UNIV CHICAGO PRESS. - 0004-637X. ; 443:1, s. 281-294
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To advance our understanding of the relationship between stellar chromospheres and mass loss, which is a common property of carbon stars and other asymptotic giant branch stars, we have obtained ultraviolet spectra of the nearby N-type carbon star UU Aur
|
|
