| 1. |
- De Marinis, Yang, et al.
(författare)
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Serology assessment of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 in patients with COVID-19 by rapid IgM/IgG antibody test
- 2020
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Ingår i: Infection Ecology and Epidemiology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2000-8686. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has created a global health- and economic crisis. Detection of antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which causes COVID-19 by serological methods is important to diagnose a current or resolved infection. In this study, we applied a rapid COVID-19 IgM/IgG antibody test and performed serology assessment of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. In PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients (n = 45), the total antibody detection rate is 92% in hospitalized patients and 79% in non-hospitalized patients. The total IgM and IgG detection is 63% in patients with <2 weeks from disease onset; 85% in non-hospitalized patients with >2 weeks disease duration; and 91% in hospitalized patients with >2 weeks disease duration. We also compared different blood sample types and suggest a higher sensitivity by serum/plasma over whole blood. Test specificity was determined to be 97% on 69 sera/plasma samples collected between 2016-2018. Our study provides a comprehensive validation of the rapid COVID-19 IgM/IgG serology test, and mapped antibody detection patterns in association with disease progress and hospitalization. Our results support that the rapid COVID-19 IgM/IgG test may be applied to assess the COVID-19 status both at the individual and at a population level.
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| 2. |
- Ekström, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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Increasing circulating levels of Tenascin C in response to the Wingate Anaerobic test
- 2023
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Wiley. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 43:4, s. 271-277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: Tenascin C (TNC) is a large extracellular matrix glycoprotein. It is involved in development and upregulated both during tissue repair and in several pathological conditions, including cardiovascular disease. Extracellular matrix proteins play a role in promoting exercise responses, leading to adaptation, regeneration, and repair. The main goal of this study was to investigate whether a short anaerobic effort leads to increased levels of TNC in serum.METHODS: Thirty-nine healthy men performed a Wingate test followed by a muscle biopsy. Myoblasts were isolated from the muscle biopsies and differentiated to myotubes ex vivo. TNC RNA was quantified in the biopsies, myotubes and myoblasts using RNA sequencing. Blood samples were drawn before and 5 min after the Wingate test. Serum TNC levels were measured using ELISA.RESULTS: After the Wingate test, serum TNC increased on average by 23% [15-33], median [IQR]; P Wilcoxon < 0.0001. This increase is correlated with peak power output and power drop, but not with VO 2max . TNC RNA expression is higher in myoblasts and myotubes compared to skeletal muscle tissue. CONCLUSION: TNC is secreted systemically as a response to the Wingate anaerobic test in healthy males. The response was positively correlated with peak power and power drop, but not with VO 2max which implicates a relation to mechanical strain and/or blood flow. With higher expression in undifferentiated myoblast cells than muscle tissue, it is likely that TNC plays a role in muscle tissue remodelling in humans. Our findings open for research on how TNC contributes to exercise adaptation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
- Jansåker, Filip, et al.
(författare)
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Examining the causal effect of type 2 diabetes on ischemic heart disease : - a longitudinal study with four measurements (1980-2017)
- 2023
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Ingår i: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-8227 .- 0168-8227. ; 198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: This longitudinal study examines a possible causal effect between type 2 diabetes and ischemic heart disease (IHD) by using measurements on four occasions from the Swedish Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (SILC) together with nationwide healthcare registers.METHODS: This was a longitudinal study based on a random sample of men and women (n = 2014) from the Swedish population with four measurements in the SILC every eight years. Baseline was 1980/81 and the participants were followed for up to 37 years. The mean age and age range at baseline were 36.5 and 20-59 years, respectively. The study used Marginal Structural Modeling (MSM-Cox) to account for time-varying exposures by implementing inverse probability weighting (IPTW). MSM-Cox with IPTW was compared with Cox proportional hazard modelling.RESULTS: The hazard ratio (HR) for IHD (369 cases) with 95% confidence interval (CI) in participants with type 2 diabetes (11.1%) compared to participants without type 2 diabetes (88.9%) was significantly higher (1.99; CI = 1.15 - 3.44) when using MSM-Cox with IPTW after adjustments for clinical and sociodemographic risk factors. When applying Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for the same variables, the HR was lower and non-significant at 1.34 (CI = 0.94 - 1.98).CONCLUSIONS: This longitudinal study with four measurements assessed a possible causal association between type 2 diabetes and IHD by applying MSM-Cox with IPTW. Although causality cannot be determined due to the remaining risk of residual bias, the results may help to elucidate a potential causal relationship between type 2 diabetes and IHD. Further causal studies on possible underlying mechanisms are, however, needed.
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| 4. |
- Oskolkov, Nikolay, et al.
(författare)
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High-throughput muscle fiber typing from RNA sequencing data
- 2022
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Ingår i: Skeletal Muscle. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2044-5040. ; 12, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Skeletal muscle fiber type distribution has implications for human health, muscle function, and performance. This knowledge has been gathered using labor-intensive and costly methodology that limited these studies. Here, we present a method based on muscle tissue RNA sequencing data (totRNAseq) to estimate the distribution of skeletal muscle fiber types from frozen human samples, allowing for a larger number of individuals to be tested. Methods: By using single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNAseq) data as a reference, cluster expression signatures were produced by averaging gene expression of cluster gene markers and then applying these to totRNAseq data and inferring muscle fiber nuclei type via linear matrix decomposition. This estimate was then compared with fiber type distribution measured by ATPase staining or myosin heavy chain protein isoform distribution of 62 muscle samples in two independent cohorts (n = 39 and 22). Results: The correlation between the sequencing-based method and the other two were rATPas = 0.44 [0.13–0.67], [95% CI], and rmyosin = 0.83 [0.61–0.93], with p = 5.70 × 10–3 and 2.00 × 10–6, respectively. The deconvolution inference of fiber type composition was accurate even for very low totRNAseq sequencing depths, i.e., down to an average of ~ 10,000 paired-end reads. Conclusions: This new method (https://github.com/OlaHanssonLab/PredictFiberType) consequently allows for measurement of fiber type distribution of a larger number of samples using totRNAseq in a cost and labor-efficient way. It is now feasible to study the association between fiber type distribution and e.g. health outcomes in large well-powered studies.
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| 5. |
- Parikh, Hemang M, et al.
(författare)
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Relationship between insulin sensitivity and gene expression in human skeletal muscle
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Endocrine Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6823. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR) in skeletal muscle is a key feature of the pre-diabetic state, hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases and also predicts type 2 diabetes. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still poorly understood.METHODS: To explore these mechanisms, we related global skeletal muscle gene expression profiling of 38 non-diabetic men to a surrogate measure of insulin sensitivity, i.e. homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).RESULTS: We identified 70 genes positively and 110 genes inversely correlated with insulin sensitivity in human skeletal muscle, identifying autophagy-related genes as positively correlated with insulin sensitivity. Replication in an independent study of 9 non-diabetic men resulted in 10 overlapping genes that strongly correlated with insulin sensitivity, including SIRT2, involved in lipid metabolism, and FBXW5 that regulates mammalian target-of-rapamycin (mTOR) and autophagy. The expressions of SIRT2 and FBXW5 were also positively correlated with the expression of key genes promoting the phenotype of an insulin sensitive myocyte e.g. PPARGC1A.CONCLUSIONS: The muscle expression of 180 genes were correlated with insulin sensitivity. These data suggest that activation of genes involved in lipid metabolism, e.g. SIRT2, and genes regulating autophagy and mTOR signaling, e.g. FBXW5, are associated with increased insulin sensitivity in human skeletal muscle, reflecting a highly flexible nutrient sensing.
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| 6. |
- Ström, Kristoffer, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic variation at RAB3GAP2 and its role in exercise-related adaptation and recovery
- 2021
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Skeletal muscle fiber composition and capillary density influence physical performance and whole-body metabolic properties. ~45% of the variance in fiber type is heritable, which motivated us to perform a genome-wide association study of skeletal muscle histology from 656 Swedish men. Four independent variants were associated (p
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| 7. |
- Dwibedi, Chinmay, 1987, et al.
(författare)
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Randomized open-label trial of semaglutide and dapagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes of different pathophysiology
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nature Metabolism. - 2522-5812. ; 6:1, s. 50-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The limited understanding of the heterogeneity in the treatment response to antidiabetic drugs contributes to metabolic deterioration and cardiovascular complications 1,2, stressing the need for more personalized treatment 1. Although recent attempts have been made to classify diabetes into subgroups, the utility of such stratification in predicting treatment response is unknown 3. We enrolled participants with type 2 diabetes (n = 239, 74 women and 165 men) and features of severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD) or severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD). Participants were randomly assigned to treatment with the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist semaglutide or the sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor dapagliflozin for 6 months (open label). The primary endpoint was the change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Semaglutide induced a larger reduction in HbA1c levels than dapagliflozin (mean difference, 8.2 mmol mol−1; 95% confidence interval, −10.0 to −6.3 mmol mol−1), with a pronounced effect in those with SIDD. No difference in adverse events was observed between participants with SIDD and those with SIRD. Analysis of secondary endpoints showed greater reductions in fasting and postprandial glucose concentrations in response to semaglutide in participants with SIDD than in those with SIRD and a more pronounced effect on postprandial glucose by dapagliflozin in participants with SIDD than in those with SIRD. However, no significant interaction was found between drug assignment and the SIDD or SIRD subgroup. In contrast, continuous measures of body mass index, blood pressure, insulin secretion and insulin resistance were useful in identifying those likely to have the largest improvements in glycaemic control and cardiovascular risk factors by adding semaglutide or dapagliflozin. Thus, systematic evaluation of continuous pathophysiological variables can guide the prediction of the treatment response to these drugs and provide more information than stratified subgroups (NCT04451837).
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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En båge genom tiden - ritualer kring en göteborgshistoria. Om Flickläroverket i Artisten
- 2024
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- 1929 bildades Göteborgs första Högre allmänna läroverk för Flickor – Flickläroverket som fick en byggnad 1935 i det kulturella centrumet, Götaplatsen. Efter några år som Kjellbergska gymnasiet, sedan Komvux, blev byggnaden del av Artisten, Högskolan för scen och musik, HSM 1992. Byggnaden har burit kvinnors utbildning, konst och kultur över många generationer, en minneskedja som nu är bruten. Boken - En båge genom tiden – ritualer kring en göteborgshistoria – en konst- och forskningsantologi – är resultatet av de offentliga minnesdagar där de deltagande drygt 200 kvinnorna (70– 97 år) som varit elever på Flickläroverket, studenter vid Artisten, konstnärer och forskare – bidrog till och deltog i gestaltande ritualer, minnesrum, dans, utställningar och samtal som gav liv åt en utbildningskultur och konst som berört samhället i generationer. I boken bidrar ett 20-tal Göteborgsbaserade konstnärer och forskare med olika perspektiv på byggnadens poetiska, sociala och konstnärliga dimensioner. Bland annat beskrivs återskapandet av Bågdansen, som dansades varje år vid Lucia mellan 1934-1972. Här beskrivs även den medie-debatt som ledde till räddningen av målningen Dansen av Nils Nilsson från 1935 och hur nedtagningen gick till. Tillsammans med ett rikt foto- och bildmaterial, filmdokumentationer och ett ljudarkiv utgör boken ett tidsdokument där konst fungerar som minnesbärare över tid och rum.
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| 10. |
- Gonzalez, Nichel, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Self-selected interval judgments compared to point judgments : A weight judgment experiment in the presence of the size-weight illusion
- 2022
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 17:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measurements of human attitudes and perceptions have traditionally used numerical point judgments. In the present study, we compared conventional point estimates of weight with an interval judgment method. Participants were allowed to make step by step judgments, successively converging towards their best estimate. Participants estimated, in grams, the weight of differently sized boxes, estimates thus susceptible to the size-weight illusion. The illusion makes the smaller of two objects of the same weight, differing only in size, to be perceived as heavier. The self-selected interval method entails participants judging a highest and lowest reasonable value for the true weight. This is followed by a splitting procedure, consecutive choices of selecting the upper or lower half of the interval the individual estimates most likely to include the true value. Compared to point estimates, interval midpoints showed less variability and reduced the size-weight illusion, but only to a limited extent. Accuracy improvements from the interval method were limited, but the between participant variation suggests that the method has merit.
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