| 1. |
- Eriksson, Moa, et al.
(author)
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The Variation of University Physics Students' Experience of Plus and Minus Signs in 1D Vector-kinematics Revisited
- 2022
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In: African Journal of Research in Mathematics, Science and Technology Education. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1811-7295 .- 2469-7656. ; 26:1, s. 63-76
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article revisits and expands upon a previous phenomenographic study characterising the qualitatively different ways in which South African undergraduate physics students may experience the use of +/- signs in one-dimensional kinematics (1DK). We find the original categorisation as applicable for interpreting Swedish university-level students' responses to 1DK questions. However, by way of a typology of potential learning outcomes associated with +/- signs in 1DK, our review of the topic reveals that the original study's treatment misses the implications of +/- signs related to time rate of change and graphical shape. We also add to the description of students' experience of +/- signs in 1DK by incorporating ideas from the Variation Theory of Learning and by focusing on some of the aspects of +/- signs in 1DK that were underemphasized in the original study. Our analysis thus provides a template for physics educators to support students' conceptual understanding of sign conventions in vector kinematics.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Moa, et al.
(author)
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Using social semiotics and variation theory to analyse learning challenges in physics : a methodological case study
- 2020
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In: European journal of physics. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 0143-0807 .- 1361-6404. ; 41:6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of the paper is to create a way of extending the utility of using variation theory of learning (VTL) as an analytic tool for exploring student learning in interactive environments for highly complex disciplines such as physics that aims at obtaining additional insights and understanding of students' learning challenges in physics drawing on a phenomenography perspective. To do this we propose an analytical combination of two perspectives-social semiotics and the VTL-using theoretical constructs from both. Here, in keeping with the phenomenographic perspective that underlies VTL, learning is taken to mean coming to experience things in distinctly new ways. As a case study, students were video recorded during a group problem-solving session while working on circular motion tutorial problems. Through the combined analytic approach, we were able to identify the students'relevance structureas enacted as a function of what was in focal awareness and what dimensions of variation that were presented. A social semiotic multimodal transcription is used to illustrate the proposed methodology, which is made up of the semiotic systems that the students chose to use to build their discursive engagement on. As a methodology paper, and because such discussion already exists in the literature, how this kind of analytic combination can provide additional teaching insights and how these insights could be used to enhance teachers' understanding of their students' learning are not presented in this paper.
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| 3. |
- Lundqvist, Jennie Mari, et al.
(author)
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A Phenomenographic Analysis Of Students’ Experience Of Geological Time
- 2021
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In: Journal of Astronomy & Earth Sciences Education (JAESE). - : Clute Institute. - 2374-6254 .- 2374-6246. ; 8:1, s. 1-26
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Geological time is by many geoscience instructors considered a threshold concept for geoscience students, being acentral concept for how we experience geosceince phenomena that takes place on a spatio-temporal scale rangingfrom micro (e.g. cloud formation) to macro (e.g. plate tectonics). If one wishes to understand geoscience phenomenathat goes beyond human perception, one must move from the concrete toward the abstract—from experiencing aphenomenon with one’s senses toward an experience of the phenomenon that is based on an mind construct; we referto such competency as disciplinary spatio-temporal competency (DSTC). The purpose of this study is to gain anunderstanding of how first-year students in a geoscience program in Sweden experience and represent thephenomenon of geological time, i.e. to capture their DSTC. Analyazing data from three semi-structured groupinterviews using a phenomenographic approach revealed how the students express geological time through theirlanguage, their gestures, and their visualizations. From the result in this study, including four qualitatively differentthemes, or categories of description, it is possible to conclude that the students' way of expressing geological timegive rise to exciting interpretations and we believe that these expressions can provide information also about howstudents experience (and learn about) geological time. We report that through students’ illustrations and discussions,students experience geological time as something more than a static one-dimensional straight line. The data analysisshows that students connect geological time with spatio-temporal aspects from various geosientific phenomena, oneexample of such an dynamic description of geological time is “One simply fills it with more information” indicatingthat the students experience geological time as two-dimensional (space and time).
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| 4. |
- Pendrill, Ann-marie, et al.
(author)
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Round and round in circles-shifting relevance structures as students discuss acceleration and forces during circular motion in a vertical plane
- 2023
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In: European journal of physics. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 0143-0807 .- 1361-6404. ; 44:5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Working out the relations between the forces involved in circular motion in a vertical plane can be challenging for first-year students, as illustrated in this analysis of a 30 min group discussion of a textbook problem where a remote-control model car moves with constant speed inside a cylinder. The analysis includes timelines of semiotic resources used, as well as of topics brought up by individual students. Questions from the students include: what is that force you drew on the paper? Does it act on the car or on the wall? What keeps the car from falling down? The normal force and the 'centripetal force' both point to the center-does it mean they are the same? Is it only a gravitational force at the top? Does the normal force at the bottom just cancel gravity or does it need to be larger? What is 'normal' about the normal force? Arriving at the correct numerical result is insufficient evidence for student understanding of forces in circular motion! Can students with fragmentary understanding bring their pieces together to solve the puzzle? From the timelines, we can identify a few critical moments where the discussion changes focus. This happens when one of the students in the group introduces a new dimension of variation, e.g. a reminder about the force of gravity, a free-body diagram drawn, as well as diagrams drawn in other parts of the circle than the top or bottom, where the centripetal and normal forces are no longer in the same direction. Embodied experiences are invoked, but only at a very late stage in the discussion. For teachers, an awareness of the different ways students use terms and think about the forces can be a guide to offering a larger variation in the interventions, as well as in problems assigned.
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| 5. |
- Andresen Bergström, Moa, 1978, et al.
(author)
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Rethinking Drug Analysis in Health Care: High-Throughput Analysis of 71 Drugs of Abuse in Oral Fluid Using Ion Mobility-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
- 2022
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In: Journal of Analytical Toxicology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0146-4760 .- 1945-2403. ; 46:7, s. 765-775
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have identified a clinical need for a sensitive, specific, flexible, comprehensive and affordable analytical technology to efficiently detect polydrug use. In addition, the current standard practice of surveilled urine sampling is uncomfortable for the patient; hence, more patient-friendly sample collection methods are requested. To fill these needs, we have developed and validated a high-throughput liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) method for the analysis of drugs of abuse (DoA) in oral fluid (OF). The method covers a panel of 71 substances including traditional DoA, prescription narcotics and new psychoactive substances (NPS), with a guaranteed limit of identification of <3 mu g/L for 87% of the analytes. Method validation showed high accuracy (>99.7%), sensitivity (>99.7%) and specificity (100%). Most analytes had a high process efficiency during the salting-out liquid-liquid extraction sample preparation and no or only a minor matrix effect during the analysis. We have implemented this method in clinical routine and present data from 18,579 OF samples collected during routine patient treatment in mainly psychiatric and addiction clinics in West Sweden between September 2020 and June 2021. Seventy-one percent of the samples were positive and a total of 41,472 DoA findings were detected. Amphetamine (27%), buprenorphine (25%), nordiazepam (18%) and alprazolam (16%) were most prevalent. New psychoactive substances were detected in 189 samples (1.0%). The occurrence of polydrug use was common; 34% of the positive samples contained three analytes or more and 12% six or more. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first method for comprehensive analysis of DoA in OF using LC-HRMS and the largest dataset published on the detection of DoA in OF. With the current complex and variable drug use pattern, this broad, cost-effective and reliable method has largely replaced immunoassay screening in urine in our laboratory.
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| 6. |
- Ausmeel, Stina, et al.
(author)
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Ship plumes in the Baltic Sea Sulfur Emission Control Area: chemical characterization and contribution to coastal aerosol concentrations
- 2020
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In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7324. ; 20:15, s. 9135-9151
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In coastal areas, there is increased concern aboutemissions from shipping activities and the associated impacton air quality. We have assessed the ship aerosol propertiesand the contribution to coastal particulate matter (PM) andnitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels by measuring ship plumes inambient conditions at a site in southern Sweden, within a SulfurEmission Control Area. Measurements took place duringa summer and a winter campaign, 10 km downwind ofa major shipping lane. Individual ships showed large variabilityin contribution to total particle mass, organics, sulfate,and NO2. The average emission contribution of theshipping lane was 2913 and 3720 ngm?3 to PM0:5,188 and 3419 ngm?3 to PM0:15, and 1:210:57 and1:110:61 μgm?3 to NO2, during winter and summer, respectively.Sulfate and organics dominated the particle massand most plumes contained undetectable amounts of equivalentblack carbon (eBC). The average eBC contribution was3:51:7 ngm?3 and the absorption Ångström exponent wasclose to 1. Simulated ageing of the ship aerosols using anoxidation flow reactor showed that on a few occasions, therewas an increase in sulfate and organic mass after photochemicalprocessing of the plumes. However, most plumes did notproduce measurable amounts of secondary PM upon simulatedageing.
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| 7. |
- Bahrami, Alireza, et al.
(author)
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Important Criteria for Swedish Construction Companies to Choose Environmentally Friendly Concrete
- 2023
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In: Civil Engineering Journal. - : CEJ. - 2676-6957 .- 2476-3055. ; 9:1, s. 197-207
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Today, ordinary Portland cement-based concrete is one of the most important building materials and is widely used in new building construction, which is an environmental problem, as cement production accounts for 5%-8% of the world's carbon dioxide emissions. Thus, the need for using more environmentally friendly concrete (EFC) is growing. However, it is stated that Swedish construction companies are reluctant to change and adopt new construction methods and materials. This research aims to map the important criteria for Swedish construction companies to choose EFC for use in their projects. The study is carried out based on a literature study and a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire is designed considering the significant criteria of EFC derived from the literature study. The respondents from the Swedish construction companies were asked to rate these various criteria. The collected results are presented with bar graphs. The results show that the highest valued criterion by the respondents for the use of EFC in the projects is its long-term properties, while the lowest one is the possibility of introducing a specific ceiling for greenhouse gas emissions by the companies.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Divon, Tom, et al.
(author)
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TikTok(ing) Ukraine : meme-based expressions of cultural trauma on social media
- 2023. - 1
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In: Media and the war in Ukraine. - New York : Peter Lang Publishing Group. - 9781433199301 - 9781433199318 - 9781433199295 ; , s. 119-136
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As digital media pervades every aspect of our lives, the ways in which we record, view and respond to wars are being shaped by these technologies. Within our deeply mediatised society (Couldry and Hepp 2017), in times of crisis, individ- uals turn to social media to tell their stories of trauma and grief (Eriksson 2016; Leaver and Highfield 2018). This allows the specific realities of war, trauma and collective suffering to be witnessed, shared, seen and remixed. This chapter delves into the war in Ukraine as it is depicted and mediated through the lens of one of the most prominent Ukrainian TikTok users of 2022, Valeria Shashe- nok (@valerisssh). Through this example, we examine how ongoing cultural trauma and its audiovisual representations are presented on digital platforms. In particular, we explore how users leverage TikTok’s technological features, such as duets, stitches and the LIVE, to create meme-based templates for com- municating the realities of warfare, showing how these templates shape digital expressions of trauma. Expanding previous work on cultural trauma, collec- tive grief, and history in digital spaces (Abidin, 2019; Divon and Ebbrecht- Hartmann 2022; Eriksson 2016; 2018; Eriksson Krutrök 2021; Leaver & High- field 2018), this chapter places emphasis on the role of audiovisual memes on TikTok as templates for war storytelling in Ukraine in 2022.
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| 10. |
- Elvin-Nowak, Ylva M. S., et al.
(author)
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Intimate partner violence and negative health consequences: A cross-sectional study among women in a regional sample in Sweden
- 2023
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 51:4, s. 636-643
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global health problem of enormous proportions. However, little is known about the prevalence or health consequences of IPV among women in Stockholm, Sweden, a city characterised by high levels of gender equality that hosts a large population of people born outside Europe. Aims: This study aimed to assess the prevalence of exposure to physical, psychological and sexual IPV and its associated background factors and health outcomes. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study employing a survey containing questions about the previous years exposure to IPV that was distributed to 35 midwifery clinics in Stockholm during the autumn of 2020. Any woman who visited any of these midwifery clinics during these two months was eligible to participate. Results: A total of 2239 women answered the questionnaire, of whom 25.1% reported having been subjected to IPV at some point during their life and 8.7% during the previous year. The most common ongoing exposure was psychological violence, which was reported by 6.6% of the women. Women living with IPV reported poorer self-rated general health and more recurring health symptoms and depression than unexposed women. Conclusions: Exposure to IPV is common and is associated with depression, lower general well-being and somatic health problems.
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