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- Björk, Staffan, et al.
(författare)
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WEST: A Web Browser for Small Terminals
- 1999. - 1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe WEST, a WEb browser for Small Terminals, that aims to solve some of the problems associated with accessing web pages on hand-held devices. Through a novel combination of text reduction and focus+context visualization, users can access web pages from a very limited display environment, since the system will provide an overview of the contents of a web page even when it is too large to be displayed in its entirety. To make maximum use of the limited resources available on a typical hand-held terminal, much of the most demanding work is done by a proxy server, allowing the terminal to concentrate on the task of providing responsive user interaction. The system makes use of some interaction concepts reminiscent of those defined in the Wireless Application Protocol (WAP), making it possible to utilize the techniques described here for WAP-compliant devices and services that may become available in the near future.
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| 4. |
- Franzén, Carl Johan, 1966
(författare)
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Analysis and Control of Continuous Microaerobic Ethanol Production by Yeast
- 1997
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Glucose fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and xylose fermentation by Candida utilis and Pichia stipitis, were investigated under microaerobic conditions. A dynamic experimental method named oxygen programmed fermentation (OPF), and a method for microaerobic RQ control in continuous culture have been developed. An OPF allows a relatively fast identification of the range of interesting oxygen uptake rates, and gives information on the dynamics of the culture in response to a slow washout of oxygen. Results obtained with this method were in good agreement with the characteristics of the three yeasts. In situ NAD(P)H fluorescence measurements during OPF:s with S. cerevisiae indicated, that the intracellular redox level increased with decreasing oxygen concentration up to a certain level, at which glycerol was produced as a redox sink. Different glycerol-3-phospate dehydrogenase deletion mutants of S. cerevisiae responded remarkably similar in OPF experiments. Under microaerobic conditions, the .DELTA.gpd1 / .DELTA.gpd2 double mutant produced somewhat more ethanol and only traces of glycerol. In microaerobic, nitrogen-limited chemostat cultures of S. cerevisiae, the ethanol yield was up to 8 % higher compared to anaerobic, carbon-limited conditions, depending on the dilution rate. Apart from NADH reoxidation, the major effect of the oxygen was to increase the magnitude of the nitrogen limitation. The respiratory qotient (RQ) was controlled in continuous cultures of S. cerevisiae over a range of setpoints of 6 to 80, by changing the inlet gas composition with a PID controller with gain scheduling. The ethanol yield reached a flat maximum at RQ values between 12.5 and 50. The decrease in the glycerol yield at lower RQ was accompanied by an increase in the biomass yield. Metabolic flux analysis indicated that the disappearance of glycerol coincided with the cyclic operation of the TCA cycle reactions. This means, that glucose is not catabolized oxidatively until there is sufficient oxygen to allow for redox balancing of the produced NADH. A combination of anabolic limitation, and a controlled oxygen addition, should therefore have a large potential for increasing the ethanol yield.
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| 9. |
- Franzen, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Regulation of apolipoprotein A1 synthesis in lymph drained rats
- 1987
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Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3002. ; 918:1, s. 11-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effect of lymph diversion on plasma apolipoprotein A-I levels was studied. In lymph fistula rats apolipoprotein A-I levels in plasma stayed constant in spite of a loss of an equivalent of one-half plasma pool of apolipoprotein A-I per day through the lymph fistula. This indicates that synthesis of apolipoprotein A-I increases or that catabolism of apolipoprotein A-I decreases in a compensatory manner as intestinal apolipoprotein A-I is diverted. By using incorporation of [3H]leucine into newly synthesized apolipoprotein A-I it was shown that 2.6-times as much [3H]leucine was incorporated into apolipoprotein A-I in thoracic duct drained animals compared to controls. In experiments in which 125I-labeled HDL was injected intravenously into rats, it was shown that catabolism of HDL and apolipoprotein A-I was not decreased in lymph-drained rats. These data thus suggest that an increased synthesis of apolipoprotein A-I occurs when the intestinal contribution of apolipoprotein A-I diminishes. This is probably due to an increase in liver protein synthesis.
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| 10. |
- Jendle, Johan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Delivery and Retention of an Insulin Aerosol Produced by a New Jet Nebulizer
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal of Aerosol Medicine. - : Mary Ann Liebert. - 0894-2684 .- 1557-9026. ; 8:3, s. 243-254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- UNLABELLED: This study describes the delivery and distribution of an aerosol generated by a jet nebulizer (MAXIN) in an experimental animal model. Anesthetised, intubated and ventilated piglets inhaled radiolabeled technetium diethylene-triamine-penta-acetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) through the endotracheal tube. The lungs were excised en bloc and scintigraphed, using a computerized gamma camera to evaluate the pattern of distribution. By nebulizing radiolabeled 125I-insulin and comparing the activity deposited on inspiratory and expiratory electrostatic filters, delivery and retention of nebulized insulin was assessed. The distribution of aerosol in the lungs was very even and reached the most peripheral parts. The delivery of nebulized insulin was calculated to be 88.9 +/- 5.3% and 36.1 +/- 8.8% of the insulin delivered to the respiratory tract was retained. The immediate local effects of insulin aerosol administration on the lungs were evaluated using light microscopy. No adverse effects were observed at histopathologic examination of the lung tissue.CONCLUSION: This study shows a high penetration of aerosol to the peripheral parts of the lung and efficient delivery of nebulized insulin when using the MAXIN-nebulizer.
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