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| 2. |
- Preuss, Sonja, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic patterns reveal an old introduction event and dispersal limitations despite rapid distribution expansion
- 2015
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Ingår i: Biological Invasions. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1387-3547 .- 1573-1464. ; 17, s. 2851-2862
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Identifying sources of range expansions after an introduction event and understanding the species dispersal are essential for effective management of invasive species. In a unique study system we investigated the spread and distribution of genetic diversity subsequent to a known colonization event and in the light of the well-known biology of the rapidly expanding Roesel's bush-cricket (Metrioptera roeselii), a species that is non-native in Sweden. Using eight microsatellite markers we analyzed genetic variation in 837 individuals collected at 29 sites across the species total range in central Sweden to verify the species local origin and to determine how the species known dispersal biology affect the population genetic structure throughout its range. We found that unique allelic richness was highest in a site approximately 16 km southwest of the previously suggested site of establishment, pointing towards a site of introduction close to a royal stud farm from where it is known that animals have been imported from Europe. Despite the species rapid expansion, genetic diversity in the core of the distribution was higher than in the populations at the range margin. Bayesian cluster analyses also revealed that genetic structuring was more pronounced in the range margin, indicating the occurrence of dichotomous dispersal behaviour of the species with occasions of rare long distance events. Our study shows that good sampling design and appropriate choice of genetic markers can help to identify species local origin and explain genetic patterns that arise during range expansions.
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| 3. |
- Cossío, Fernando, et al.
(författare)
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VAI-B: a multicenter platform for the external validation of artificial intelligence algorithms in breast imaging
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Imaging. - : SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS. - 2329-4302 .- 2329-4310. ; 10:06
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Multiple vendors are currently offering artificial intelligence (AI) computer-aided systems for triage detection, diagnosis, and risk prediction of breast cancer based on screening mammography. There is an imminent need to establish validation platforms that enable fair and transparent testing of these systems against external data.Approach: We developed validation of artificial intelligence for breast imaging (VAI-B), a platform for independent validation of AI algorithms in breast imaging. The platform is a hybrid solution, with one part implemented in the cloud and another in an on-premises environment at Karolinska Institute. Cloud services provide the flexibility of scaling the computing power during inference time, while secure on-premises clinical data storage preserves their privacy. A MongoDB database and a python package were developed to store and manage the data on-premises. VAI-B requires four data components: radiological images, AI inferences, radiologist assessments, and cancer outcomes.Results: To pilot test VAI-B, we defined a case-control population based on 8080 patients diagnosed with breast cancer and 36,339 healthy women based on the Swedish national quality registry for breast cancer. Images and radiological assessments from more than 100,000 mammography examinations were extracted from hospitals in three regions of Sweden. The images were processed by AI systems from three vendors in a virtual private cloud to produce abnormality scores related to signs of cancer in the images. A total of 105,706 examinations have been processed and stored in the database.Conclusions: We have created a platform that will allow downstream evaluation of AI systems for breast cancer detection, which enables faster development cycles for participating vendors and safer AI adoption for participating hospitals. The platform was designed to be scalable and ready to be expanded should a new vendor want to evaluate their system or should a new hospital wish to obtain an evaluation of different AI systems on their images.
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| 4. |
- Cossío, Fernando, et al.
(författare)
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VAI-B: A multicenter platform for the external validation of artificial intelligence algorithms in breast imaging
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Imaging. - : SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng. - 2329-4302 .- 2329-4310. ; 10:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Multiple vendors are currently offering artificial intelligence (AI) computer-aided systems for triage detection, diagnosis, and risk prediction of breast cancer based on screening mammography. There is an imminent need to establish validation platforms that enable fair and transparent testing of these systems against external data. Approach: We developed validation of artificial intelligence for breast imaging (VAI-B), a platform for independent validation of AI algorithms in breast imaging. The platform is a hybrid solution, with one part implemented in the cloud and another in an on-premises environment at Karolinska Institute. Cloud services provide the flexibility of scaling the computing power during inference time, while secure on-premises clinical data storage preserves their privacy. A MongoDB database and a python package were developed to store and manage the data onpremises. VAI-B requires four data components: radiological images, AI inferences, radiologist assessments, and cancer outcomes. Results: To pilot test VAI-B, we defined a case-control population based on 8080 patients diagnosed with breast cancer and 36,339 healthy women based on the Swedish national quality registry for breast cancer. Images and radiological assessments from more than 100,000 mammography examinations were extracted from hospitals in three regions of Sweden. The images were processed by AI systems from three vendors in a virtual private cloud to produce abnormality scores related to signs of cancer in the images. A total of 105,706 examinations have been processed and stored in the database. Conclusions: We have created a platform that will allow downstream evaluation of AI systems for breast cancer detection, which enables faster development cycles for participating vendors and safer AI adoption for participating hospitals. The platform was designed to be scalable and ready to be expanded should a new vendor want to evaluate their system or should a new hospital wish to obtain an evaluation of different AI systems on their images.
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| 5. |
- Daunfeldt, Sven-Olov, et al.
(författare)
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Entry into Swedish retail and wholesale trade markets
- 2006
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Ingår i: Review of Industrial Organization. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0889-938X .- 1573-7160. ; 29:3, s. 213-225
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines, using a zero-inflated negative binomial regression model, what determined entry into the Swedish retail and wholesale trade markets between 1990 and 1996. According to the results, high returns on equity and low sunk costs seemed to attract more entry into retail trade industries, while recent entry and higher total industry sales were associated with more entry into both retail and wholesale trade local markets.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Weissglas, Erik, 1962-
(creator_code:cre_t)
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Svante Henryson Quartet – Seven Songs from the 70s : ORA Jazz Festival 2019
- 2019
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Konstnärligt arbeteabstract
- Konsert (2 set) 22 september 2019 vid ORA Jazz Festival 2019 i Oradea, Rumänien.Medverkande: "Svante Henryson Quartet" feat Svante Henryson, Hans Backenroth, Joakim Ekberg, Erik Weissglas1:a set: "Summer Band Camp" (Goodrick), "Theme For Maxine" (Shaw), "Amaru Grandmothers" (Weissglas), "Ashla Nonmaterial" (Hastings) "Humty Dumpty" (Corea)2:a set: "Ankara UFO" (Henryson-Weissglas), "First Moves" (Rollins), "Indra" (Weissglas) "Regret Setup" (Henryson), "Gordian Notes" (Dorfsman), "Allowance" (Weissglas), "Ana Maria" (Shorter).Erik Weissglas var solist på samtliga stycken förutom "Gordian Notes”, ”Regret Setup” och ”Summer Band Camp”.
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| 8. |
- Preuss, Sonja
(författare)
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Expansion rate & dispersal pattern of the non-native Roesel’s bush-cricket in Sweden
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Environmental change and anthropogenic activities influence species distributions. Species introductions have become increasingly common in an era of globalization and increased international trade and travel. The establishment of introduced species outside their native range and subsequent spread are of great conservation concern. Introduced species that become invasive, spread rapidly and reach high abundance, may cause the extinction of native species, disrupt ecosystem functioning and pose a threat to human health and the economy. It is therefore of great interest to understand the processes and mechanisms involved in species range expansion in order to develop effective management strategies. In this thesis I examine the influence of the landscape on species’ distribution and analyse patterns of range expansion of a non-native insect in south-central Sweden. Roesel’s bush-cricket (Metrioptera roeselii) was chosen as a model organism as its biology is well studied and its range expansion has been documented not only in Sweden but also in several other European countries. The aims of this thesis were (I) to identify landscape variables that predict the species distribution, (II) to estimate the rate of range expansion, (III) to identify the source of range expansion in south-central Sweden and to assess the dispersal pattern using population genetic data, and (IV) to analyse the influence of landscape composition and structure on population connectivity. I analysed species distribution, genetic and landscape data using a range of statistical modelling techniques in combination with geographic information systems (GIS). The results showed that the amounts of arable land, pasture and rural settlements as well as linear habitat elements are important predictors of the species’ distribution. During the last three decades, Metrioptera roeselii has expanded its range from the northern shores of the Lake Mälaren at an estimated rate of 0.3 - 3.16 km/year. The genetic diversity across the range was surprisingly high and degree of population differentiation was low to moderate likely due to frequent gene flow between populations in the centre of the species range and decreased gene flow towards the range margin. It appears the species establishes populations through infrequent long-distance and frequent short-distance dispersal (natural, human-mediated).
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| 9. |
- Preuss, Sonja
(författare)
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Landscape genetics of the key African acacia species Senegalia mellifera (Vahl)- the importance of the Kenyan Rift Valley
- 2010
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Ingår i: Molecular Ecology. - 0962-1083 .- 1365-294X. ; 19, s. 5126-5139
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acacias across Africa have enormous ecological and economic importance, yet their population genetics are poorly studied. We used seven microsatellite loci to investigate spatial genetic structure and to identify potential ecological and geographic barriers to dispersal in the widespread acacia, Senegalia (Acacia) mellifera. We quantified variation among 791 individuals from 28 sampling locations, examining patterns at two spatial scales: (i) across Kenya including the Rift Valley, and (ii) for a local subset of 11 neighbouring locations on Mpala Ranch in the Laikipia plateau. Our analyses recognize that siblings can often be included in samples used to measure population genetic structure, violating fundamental assumptions made by these analyses. To address this potential problem, we maximized genetic independence of samples by creating a sibship-controlled data set that included only one member of each sibship and compared the results obtained with the full data set. Patterns of genetic structure and barriers to gene flow were essentially similar when the two data sets were analysed. Five well-defined geographic regions were identified across Kenya within which gene flow was localized, with the two strongest barriers to dispersal splitting the Laikipia Plateau of central Kenya from the Western and Eastern Rift Valley. At a smaller scale, in the absence of geographic features, regional habitat gradients appear to restrict gene flow significantly. We discuss the implications of our results for the management of this highly exploited species.
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| 10. |
- Sandgren, Fredrik, 1967-
(författare)
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Mellan bruk och bonde : Organisationen av spannmålshandeln i Västmanlands län 1770-1870
- 2012
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna bok handlar om spannmålshandel i 1800-talets Sverige. I centrum för studien står denna verksamhet i Västmanlands län och på Ferna bruk i Gunnilbo socken. Undersökningen består av fyra delstudier: ett försök att fastställa omfattningen av spannmålshandeln i Västmanland; hur denna organiserades på orter som Västerås, Köping och Strömsholm; hur järnbruket Ferna hanterade sin spannmålsförsörjning samt varifrån den marknadsförda spannmålen kan ha kommit. Den västmanländska bergslagen var ett underskottsområde för spannmål där bruksnäringen samtidigt stod för en förhållandevis omfattande och stabil efterfrågan. Betydande volymer spannmål fördes in via Mälaren. Under 1800-talet ökade dock bruken sin egen produktion av vissa spannmålsslag samtidigt som den lokala produktionen ökade i Västmanland. En stor del av spannmålen kom under hela perioden från Stockholm. Det var ett litet antal aktörer som stod för en stor andel av spannmålsinförseln. Ferna bruk såg till att kontraktera spannmål i god tid och till goda priser. Bruket hade stabila kontakter över tid, men drog sig inte för att byta vid behov. Undersökningen går fram till 1860-talet. Under detta decennium inleddes en ny epok för spannmålshandeln. Tågtransporter blev mer förekommande och verksamheten sköttes av alltmer specialiserade spannmålshandlare. En mer utvecklad marknad för spannmål hade uppstått, men som boken visar hade den inte uppstått ut intet
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