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Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Hamsten Anders Professor) srt2:(2015-2019)"

Sökning: WFRF:(Hamsten Anders Professor) > (2015-2019)

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1.
  • Frånberg, Mattias, 1985- (författare)
  • Statistical methods for detecting gene-gene and gene-environment interactions in genome-wide association studies
  • 2019
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Despite considerable effort to elucidate the genetic architecture of multi-factorial traits and diseases, there remains a gap between the estimated heritability (e.g., from twin studies) and the heritability explained by discovered genetic variants. The existence of interactions between different genes, and between genes and the environment, has frequently been hypothesized as a likely cause of this discrepancy. However, the statistical inference of interactions is plagued by limited sample sizes, high computational requirements, and incomplete knowledge of how the measurement scale and parameterization affect the analysis.This thesis addresses the major statistical, computational, and modeling issues that hamper large-scale interaction studies today. Furthermore, it investigates whether gene-gene and gene-environment interactions are significantly involved in the development of diseases linked to atherosclerosis. Firstly, I develop two statistical methods that can be used to study of gene-gene interactions: the first is tailored for limited sample size situations, and the second enables multiple analyses to be combined into large meta-analyses. I perform comprehensive simulation studies to determine that these methods have higher or equal statistical power than contemporary methods, scale-invariance is required to guard against false positives, and that saturated parameterizations perform well in terms of statistical power. In two studies, I apply the two proposed methods to case/control data from myocardial infarction and associated phenotypes. In both studies, we identify putative interactions for myocardial infarction but are unable to replicate the interactions in a separate cohort. In the second study, however, we identify and replicate a putative interaction involved in Lp(a) plasma levels between two variants rs3103353 and rs9458157. Secondly, I develop a multivariate statistical method that simultaneously estimates the effects of genetic variants, environmental variables, and their interactions. I show by extensive simulations that this method achieves statistical power close to the optimal oracle method. We use this method to study the involvement of gene-environment interactions in intima-media thickness, a phenotype relevant for coronary artery disease. We identify a putative interaction between a genetic variant in the KCTD8 gene and alcohol use, thus suggesting an influence on intima-media thickness. The methods developed to support the analyses in this thesis as well as a selection of other prominent methods in the field is implemented in a software package called besiq.In conclusion, this thesis presents statistical methods, and the associated software, that allows large-scale studies of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions to be effortlessly undertaken.
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2.
  • Evangelou, Evangelos, et al. (författare)
  • Genetic analysis of over 1 million people identifies 535 new loci associated with blood pressure traits.
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 50:10, s. 1412-1425
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • High blood pressure is a highly heritable and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We report the largest genetic association study of blood pressure traits (systolic, diastolic and pulse pressure) to date in over 1 million people of European ancestry. We identify 535 novel blood pressure loci that not only offer new biological insights into blood pressure regulation but also highlight shared genetic architecture between blood pressure and lifestyle exposures. Our findings identify new biological pathways for blood pressure regulation with potential for improved cardiovascular disease prevention in the future.
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