| 1. |
- Ambort, Daniel, 1978, et al.
(author)
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Calcium and pH-dependent packing and release of the gel-forming MUC2 mucin.
- 2012
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In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490 .- 0027-8424. ; 109:15, s. 5645-50
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- MUC2, the major colonic mucin, forms large polymers by N-terminal trimerization and C-terminal dimerization. Although the assembly process for MUC2 is established, it is not known how MUC2 is packed in the regulated secretory granulae of the goblet cell. When the N-terminal VWD1-D2-D'D3 domains (MUC2-N) were expressed in a goblet-like cell line, the protein was stored together with full-length MUC2. By mimicking the pH and calcium conditions of the secretory pathway we analyzed purified MUC2-N by gel filtration, density gradient centrifugation, and transmission electron microscopy. At pH 7.4 the MUC2-N trimer eluted as a single peak by gel filtration. At pH 6.2 with Ca(2+) it formed large aggregates that did not enter the gel filtration column but were made visible after density gradient centrifugation. Electron microscopy studies revealed that the aggregates were composed of rings also observed in secretory granulae of colon tissue sections. The MUC2-N aggregates were dissolved by removing Ca(2+) and raising pH. After release from goblet cells, the unfolded full-length MUC2 formed stratified layers. These findings suggest a model for mucin packing in the granulae and the mechanism for mucin release, unfolding, and expansion.
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| 2. |
- Ambort, Daniel, 1978, et al.
(author)
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Perspectives on mucus properties and formation--lessons from the biochemical world.
- 2012
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In: Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. - 2157-1422. ; 2:11
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Our model of the MUC2 mucin shows a well-organized netlike gel that is cross-linked by six different covalent and noncovalent bonds. When the MUC2 mucin is packed in the mucin granule it is organized by an amino-terminal concatenated ring platform formed at high calcium and low pH. This packing allows an ordered release and a normal mucin expansion when calcium is removed and pH increased by bicarbonate. This process is defective in the absence of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR)-dependent bicarbonate transport. The expanded secreted mucin is suggested to be self-organizing by properties inherited in the MUC2 mucin and by proteolytic processes.
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| 3. |
- Arvidsson, Inger, et al.
(author)
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Discrepancies in pain presentation caused by adverse psychosocial conditions as compared to pain due to high physical workload?
- 2012
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In: Work: A Journal of Prevention, Assessment & Rehabilitation. - 1875-9270. ; 41, s. 2472-2475
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Disorders in the musculoskeletal system have been associated with a high physical workload as well as psychosocial and individual factors. It is however not obvious which of these factors that is most important to prevent. Musculoskeletal disorders in neck and upper extremity was assessed by interview and clinical examination in 79 teachers and 93 assisting nurses, all females. Psychosocial work environment was assessed by questionnaire. The physical workload was recorded by technical measurements of postures, movements and muscular load, in 9 teachers and 12 nurses. The physical workload was lower among the teachers, but they had a more demanding psychosocial work environment. Among the nurses, but not in the teachers, the neck-shoulder disorders were associated with a high body mass index (BMI). The teachers reported neck-shoulder complaints to a higher extent than the nurses, but had much lower prevalence of diagnoses in the clinical examination (12% vs. 25%; POR 0.3 CI 0.1 - 1.2; adjusted for age and BMI). The results suggest that adverse psychosocial conditions among the teachers give rise to a different kind of pain in the neck-shoulder region than from physical overload, troublesome but not as severe as the one afflicting the nurses.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Dexlin Mellby, Linda, et al.
(author)
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Design of recombinant antibody microarrays for membrane protein profiling of cell lysates and tissue extracts.
- 2011
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In: Proteomics. - : Wiley. - 1615-9861 .- 1615-9853. ; 11, s. 1550-1554
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Generating global protein expression profiles, including also membrane proteins, will be crucial for our understanding of biological processes in health and disease. In this study, we have expanded our antibody microarray technology platform and designed the first human recombinant antibody microarray for membrane proteins targeting crude cell lysates and tissue extracts. We have optimized all key technological parameters and successfully developed a setup for extracting, labeling and analyzing non-fractionated membrane proteomes under non-denaturing conditions. Finally, the platform was also extended and shown to be compatible with simultaneous profiling of both membrane proteins and water-soluble proteins.
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| 6. |
- Ermund, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Mucus properties and goblet cell quantification in mouse, rat and human ileal Peyer's patches.
- 2013
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In: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Peyer's patches (PPs) are collections of lymphoid follicles in the small intestine, responsible for scanning the intestinal content for foreign antigens such as soluble molecules, particulate matter as well as intact bacteria and viruses. The immune cells of the patch are separated from the intestinal lumen by a single layer of epithelial cells, the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE). This epithelium covers the dome of the follicle and contains enterocyte-like cells and M cells, which are particularly specialized in taking up antigens from the gut. However, the presence and number of goblet cells as well as the presence of mucus on top of the FAE is controversial. When mouse ileal PPs were mounted in a horizontal Ussing-type chamber, we could observe a continuous mucus layer at mounting and new, easily removable mucus was released from the villi on the patch upon stimulation. Confocal imaging using fluorescent beads revealed a penetrable mucus layer covering the domes. Furthermore, immunostaining of FAE from mice, rats and humans with a specific antibody against the main component of intestinal mucus, the MUC2 mucin, clearly identify mucin-containing goblet cells. Transmission electron micrographs further support the identification of mucus releasing goblet cells on the domes of PPs in these species.
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| 7. |
- Ermund, Anna, et al.
(author)
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Studies of mucus in mouse stomach, small intestine, and colon. I. Gastrointestinal mucus layers have different properties depending on location as well as over the Peyer's patches.
- 2013
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In: American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 1522-1547 .- 0193-1857. ; 305:5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Colon has been shown to have a two-layered mucus system where the inner layer is devoid of bacteria. However, a complete overview of the mouse gastrointestinal mucus system is lacking. We now characterize mucus release, thickness, growth over time, adhesive properties, and penetrability to fluorescent beads from stomach to distal colon. Colon displayed spontaneous mucus release and all regions released mucus in response to carbachol and PGE2, except the distal colon and domes of Peyer's patches. Stomach and colon had an inner mucus layer that was adherent to the epithelium. In contrast, the small intestine and Peyer's patches had a single mucus layer that was easily aspirated. The inner mucus layer of the distal colon was not penetrable to beads the size of bacteria and the inner layer of the proximal colon was only partly penetrable. In contrast, the inner mucus layer of stomach was fully penetrable, as was the small intestinal mucus. This suggests a functional organization of the intestinal mucus system, where the small intestine has loose and penetrable mucus that may allow easy penetration of nutrients, in contrast to the stomach, where the mucus provides physical protection, and the colon, where the mucus separates bacteria from the epithelium. This knowledge of the mucus system and its organization improves our understanding of the gastrointestinal tract physiology.
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| 8. |
- Gode, Jenny, et al.
(author)
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Energisystem i en resursknapp framtid
- 2014
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Människans användning av jordens resurser behöver nå långsiktigt hållbara nivåer. Resurseffektivitet är ett av sju så kallade flaggskeppsinitiativ som EU-kommissionen lanserat inom ramen för Europa 2020-strategin (EU-kommissionen 2010). Initiativet för ett resurseffektivt Europa syftar till att stödja en resurseffektiv och koldioxidsnål ekonomi och hållbar utveckling. Initiativet riktas mot ett flertal områden – klimat, energi, transporter, industri, råvaror, jordbruk, fiske, biodiversitet och regional utveckling (EU-kommissionen 2011). Ökad resurseffektivitet i energisystemet är en del av detta och innefattar exempelvis energieffektivisering, minskad energikonsumtion, ökad användning av förnybar energi och minskad användning av fossila bränslen. De sektorer som huvudsakligen berörs är el- och värmeproduktion, industri, transporter, bostäder och avfall.IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet har, med finansiellt stöd från Energimyndigheten, i denna broschyr gjort en sammanställning av kopplingen mellan resurseffektivitet och energisystem. Dennasammanställning gör inte anspråk på att vara heltäckande utan syftar till påbörja en diskussion om resurseffektivitet kopplat till energisystemet.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Gustafsson, Jenny K, 1981, et al.
(author)
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An ex vivo method for studying mucus formation, properties and thickness in human colonic biopsies and mouse small and large intestinal explants.
- 2012
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In: American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology. - : American Physiological Society. - 1522-1547 .- 0193-1857. ; 302:4, s. 430-438
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The colon mucus layers minimize the contact between the luminal flora and the epithelial cells and defects in this barrier may lead to colonic inflammation. We now describe an ex vivo method for analysis of mucus properties in human colon and mouse small and large intestine. Materials and methods: Intestinal explants were mounted in horizontal perfusion chambers. The mucus surface was visualized by adding charcoal particles on the apical side and mucus thickness was measured using a micropipette. Mucus thickness, adhesion and growth rate was recorded for 1 h. In mouse and human colon, the ability of the mucus to act as a barrier to beads the size of bacteria was also evaluated. Tissue viability was monitored by transepithelial potential difference. Results: In mouse ileum the mucus could be removed by gentle aspiration, whereas in colon about 40 µm of the mucus remained attached to the epithelial surface. Both mouse and human colon had an inner mucus layer that was not penetrated by the fluorescent beads. Spontaneous mucus growth was observed in human (240 µm/h) and mouse (100 µm/h) colon, but not in mouse ileum. In contrast, stimulation with carbachol induced a higher mucus secretion in ileum than colon (mouse ileum: Δ200 μm, mouse colon: Δ130 µm, human colon: Δ140 μm). In conclusion, while retaining key properties from the mucus system in vivo, this set up also allows for studies of the highly dynamic mucus system under well controlled conditions.
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