| 1. |
- Blair, J. C., et al.
(författare)
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Standard and low-dose IGF-I generation tests and spontaneous growth hormone secretion in children with idiopathic short stature
- 2004
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Ingår i: Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). ; 60:2, s. 163-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Abnormalities in the GH-IGF-I axis, consistent with GH insensitivity (GHI), have been reported in some patients with idiopathic short stature (ISS). The standard IGF-I generation test (IGFGT) has not demonstrated mild GHI in subjects with ISS. The aim of this study was to investigate the GH-IGF-I axis in ISS by performing standard and novel low-dose IGFGTs together with determination of spontaneous GH secretion. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-one (17 male) prepubertal children with ISS, mean age 8.3 years (4.5-12.2), mean height -3.48 SD (-5.40 to -1.79), mean peak GH to provocation with glucagon/clonidine 32.3 mU/l (14.1-66.0) were studied. Serum IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels were measured during standard (GH 0.033 mg/kg/day x 4) and low (GH 0.011 mg/kg/day x 4) dose IGFGTs at 0, 12, 36 and 84 h. The low-dose IGFGT was performed in seven naive GH-deficient patients (4 male), mean age 8.5 years (range 4.1-11.1). Determination of spontaneous 24-h GH secretion was performed in the 21 ISS patients. RESULTS: Basal IGF-I and IGFBP-3 standard deviation scores (SDS) in ISS patients were -1.39 (-2.4-1.16) and -0.45 (-1.13-0.38), respectively, IGF-I being lower than IGFBP-3 (P < 0.0001). IGF-I increased in the standard IGFGT at 12 h (P < 0.005), 36 h (P < 0.001) and 84 h (P < 0.001); maximal increment 1.54 (-0.32-3.48), and in the low-dose test at 12 h (P < 0.005), 36 h (P < 0.001) and 84 h (P < 0.005); maximal increment 0.53 (0.08 to -1.23). IGFBP-3 SDS increased in the standard IGFGT at 36 h (P < 0.01) and 84 h (P < 0.001); maximal increment 0.72 (-0.44-1.96), and in the low-dose test at 84 h (P < 0.005); maximal increment 0.33 (-0.08-0.87). Five/19 patients with an IGF-I response > 2 x coefficient of variation (CV) of assay in the standard test failed to respond in the low-dose test, suggestive of mild GHI. In GH-deficient patients, IGF-I increased at each time point (P < 0.05) and IGFBP-3 at 36 h (P < 0.05). Mean GH secretion, expressed in SDS, compared with 66 normal stature controls was: basal GH -0.48 (-0.84-0.93), height of GH peaks compared with zero -0.36 (-1.26-1.51) (both P < 0.05), total GH secretion -0.76 (-1.22-0.42), total GH secretion above baseline -0.67 (-1.21-0.94) (both P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In children with ISS, basal IGF-I and IGFBP-3 SDS values were below the mean, IGF-I showing a greater response in both IGFGTs. In the standard IGFGT, the IGF-I increase at 36 h was equal to that at 84 h. The low-dose IGFGT, in combination with the standard test, may identify patients with mild GHI.
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| 2. |
- Fischer Hübner, Simone, et al.
(författare)
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Self-determination in the Mobile Internet
- 2002
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mobile Internet environments will offer a whole new range of services that might revolutionize our way of life. However, with these new technologies and services new risks to the users privacy arise, and both legal and technical privacy safeguards are needed to protect the user. This paper discusses privacy and privacy risks in the mobile Internet and presents the result of the PiMI prototype project, in which one browser built-in, and one proxy- based P3P user agent for mobile Internet environments have been developed. The PiMI prototype enhances the users control over the dissemination of user and user-device related information and thus protects their right for informational self-determination.
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| 3. |
- Lindskog, H., et al.
(författare)
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Taking Charge of Profile Conveyance
- 2002
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Mobile Internet offers a new range of services that revolutionize the way we use the Internet. In order to cater for these services, personal information is used extensively, which raises new risks to the users' privacy. Managing these risks require a holistic approach - comprising technical solutions and a comprehensive legal framework. This paper discusses legal privacy requirements for the Mobile Internet, the potential risks, and describes how the Platform for Privacy Preferences Project (P3P) Protocol can be used to meet the legal and ethical requirement of the user's prior informed consent for data delivery, processing, collection and redistribution, which will not only enhance the user's privacy and particularly her right to informational self-determination, but also ease data delivery
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| 4. |
- Masurkar, V., et al.
(författare)
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Meeting the Global Challenges of Security Incidence Respons
- 2004
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Responding to computer security incidents has become a critical function within an information technology program of any enterprise. These incidents are threats not only to computing equipment but also to the stability of establishments, such as small to large governments or utilities serving large populations. New types of security-related incidents emerge frequently and massive activities take place across the globe to mitigate the violations of security policies or recommended security practices. In spite of the concerted efforts from many organizations, complete solutions are still lagging behind. Proactive or predictive research and planning activities are on the rise in many industrialized nations. However, they seem to fall short on coping up with an unexpected global incident before incurring a substantial damage. What can the global security-aware organizations and communities do? This paper is intended to help set the stage for a panel discussion to be chaired by the first author with the members of the IFIP WG9.6/11.7, IT Misuse and the Law
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| 5. |
- Nilsson, M., et al.
(författare)
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Privacy Enhancements in the Mobile Internet
- 2001
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- While the mobile Internet makes available location-based as well as other useful services to the mobile users, risks to the users privacy have to be taken into consideration as well. Personal user data, such as traffic data, location data, device and user specific capability and preference information, and content data is exposed at different sites, such as the WAP Gateway/Proxy or the Origin Servers sites. In this paper, we first define privacy and basic privacy requirements and analyze privacy risks in the mobile Internet environment. We especially investigate those generated by the use of device and user specific profiles. Furthermore, we discuss technical means for enhancing privacy. Particularly, we show how the Platform for Privacy Preferences Project (P3P) protocol can be used to enforce the users control over the release of location data and capability and preference information, and how it can be enhanced.
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