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- Björk, Joakim, 1989-
(författare)
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Performance Quantification of Interarea Oscillation Damping Using HVDC
- 2019
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- With the transition towards renewable energy, and the deregulation of the electricity market, generation patterns and grid topology are changing. These changes increase the need for transfer capacity. One limiting factor, which sometimes leads to underutilization of the transmission grid, is interarea oscillations. These system-wide modes involve groups of generators oscillating relative to each other and are sometimes hard to control due to their scale and complexity. In this thesis we investigate how high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission can be used to attenuate interarea oscillations. The thesis has two main contributions.In the first contribution we show how the stability of two asynchronous grids can be improved by modulating the active power of a single interconnecting HVDC link. One concern with modulating HVDC active power is that the interaction between interarea modes of the two grids may have a negative impact on system stability. By studying the controllability Gramian, we show that it is always possible to improve the damping in both grids as long as the frequencies of their interarea modes are not too close. For simplified models, it is explicitly shown how the controllability, and therefore the achievable damping improvements, deteriorates as the frequency difference becomes small.The second contribution of the thesis is to show how coordinated control of two (or more) links can be used to avoid interaction between troublesome interarea modes. We investigate the performance of some multivariable control designs. In particular we look at input usage as well as robustness to measurement, communication, and actuator failures. Suitable controllers are thereby characterized.
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| 2. |
- Champati, Jaya Prakash, et al.
(författare)
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Performance Characterization Using AoI in a Single-loop Networked Control System
- 2019
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Ingår i: IEEE INFOCOM 2019 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops, INFOCOM Workshops 2019. - : IEEE. - 9781728118789 ; , s. 197-203
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The joint design of control and communication scheduling in a Networked Control System (NCS) is known to be a hard problem. Several research works have successfully designed optimal sampling and/or control strategies under simplified communication models, where transmission delays/times are negligible or fixed. However, considering sophisticated communication models, with random transmission times, result in highly coupled and difficult-to-solve optimal design problems due to the parameter inter-dependencies between estimation/control and communication layers. To tackle this problem, in this work, we investigate the applicability of Age-of-Information (AoI) for solving control/estimation problems in an NCS under i.i.d. transmission times. Our motivation for this investigation stems from the following facts: 1) recent results indicate that AoI can be tackled under relatively sophisticated communication models, and 2) a lower AoI in an NCS may result in a lower estimation/control cost. We study a joint optimization of sampling and scheduling for a single-loop stochastic LTI networked system with the objective of minimizing the time-average squared norm of the estimation error. We first show that, under mild assumptions on information structure the optimal control policy can be designed independently from the sampling and scheduling policies. We then derive a key result that minimizing the estimation error is equivalent to minimizing a non-negative and non-decreasing function of AoI. The parameters of this function include the LTI matrix and the covariance of exogenous noise in the LTI system. Noting that the formulated problem is a stochastic combinatorial optimization problem and is hard to solve, we resort to heuristic algorithms by extending existing algorithms in the AoI literature. We also identify a class of LTI system dynamics for which minimizing the estimation error is equivalent to minimizing the expected AoI.
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