| 1. |
- Chan, Yinghan, et al.
(författare)
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Nutraceuticals : unlocking newer paradigms in the mitigation of inflammatory lung diseases
- 2023
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Ingår i: Critical reviews in food science and nutrition. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1040-8398 .- 1549-7852. ; 63:19, s. 3302-3332
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Persistent respiratory tract inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of various chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and pulmonary fibrosis. These inflammatory respiratory diseases have been a major public health concern as they are the leading causes of worldwide mortality and morbidity, resulting in heavy burden on socioeconomic growth throughout these years. Although various therapeutic agents are currently available, the clinical applications of these agents are found to be futile due to their adverse effects, and most patients remained poorly controlled with a low quality of life. These drawbacks have necessitated the development of novel, alternative therapeutic agents that can effectively improve therapeutic outcomes. Recently, nutraceuticals such as probiotics, vitamins, and phytochemicals have gained increasing attention due to their nutritional properties and therapeutic potential in modulating the pathological mechanisms underlying inflammatory respiratory diseases, which could ultimately result in improved disease control and overall health outcomes. As such, nutraceuticals have been held in high regard as the possible alternatives to address the limitations of conventional therapeutics, where intensive research are being performed to identify novel nutraceuticals that can positively impact various inflammatory respiratory diseases. This review provides an insight into the utilization of nutraceuticals with respect to their molecular mechanisms targeting multiple signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory respiratory diseases.
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| 2. |
- Patel, Vyoma K., et al.
(författare)
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Tackling the cytokine storm using advanced drug delivery in allergic airway disease
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology. - : Elsevier. - 1773-2247. ; 82
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Asthma is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide presenting a huge socio-economic burden with rising morbidity and mortality rates. It is a chronic inflammatory airway disease that is eminent with multiple epidemiological and pathophysiological features such as over production of pro-inflammatory cytokines that triggers an uncontrolled aberrant inflammatory response known as 'cytokine storm'. This phenomenon interferes with the signalling and production of cytokines over time leading to the progression of disease and the development of complications that lead to fatal consequences in many individuals. Targeting this overproduction and signalling of cytokines may prove a promising approach to develop novel cytokine specific therapies in the treatment of asthma. This review discusses on the various pharmacological strategies, recent advancements in drug delivery systems and significant findings from clinical trials that may have a potential to outweigh the limitations of the current therapies in the treatment of asthma.
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| 3. |
- Gupta, Abhishek Kumar, et al.
(författare)
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EFFECTS OF THE SWIRL FIELD ON THE STRUCTURE, PLANNER DROP SIZING AND LARGE-SCALE INSTABILITIES OF FLOW-BLURRING SPRAY
- 2023
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Ingår i: Proceedings of ASME 2023 Gas Turbine India Conference, GTINDIA 2023. - 9780791887721
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Effective atomisation is a governing parameter in a liquidbased gas turbine. Incorporating the swirling air with the spray influences the spray structure, drop dispersion, and large-scale unsteadiness. Therefore, reliable measurement of drop sizes, spray structure, and large-scale instabilities are necessary for the detailed analysis of the complex interaction of the spray droplets in the swirl airfield. We aim to investigate the spray structure, drop sizing, and large-scale unsteadiness of a flow-blurring (FB) spray under swirl airfield conditions. In previous studies, the drop size distribution in FB sprays in a stagnant medium has been characterized based on the point measurement tool, namely Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer (PDPA). However, the PDPA measurement is time-consuming, suffers issues related to multiple scattering in the dense region of the spray, and provides only the time-averaged statistics. Herein, we characterize FB spray under the influence of an external swirling air stream using structured laser illumination planar imaging (SLIPI) technique. The SLIPI technique eliminates unwanted optical signals due to the multiple scattering and provides shot-to-shot variations of the drop size mapping and spray structure. A lab-scale experimental setup consisting of a centrally mounted FB atomiser with co-annular swirl air passage is operated at a fixed air-liquid mass ratio but with different swirl velocities. Following 1p-SLIPI technique, simultaneous Mie and LIF signals are recorded using two cameras, which are eventually used to obtain two-dimensional droplet Sauter mean diameter (SMD) contours. The calibration constant for the LIF/Mie ratio is deduced using PDPA measurements. The ensemble of instantaneous images is utilized for the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis to investigate the spatio-temporal features of the large-scale structure. The role of the swirling air on the different types of large-scale instabilities is explained based on the POD modes and energy contributions by the individual modes.
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| 4. |
- Paudel, Keshav Raj, et al.
(författare)
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In vitro anti-cancer activity of a polyherbal preparation, VEDICINALS®9, against A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells
- 2023
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Ingår i: Pathology, Research and Practice. - : Elsevier. - 0344-0338 .- 1618-0631. ; 250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeNon-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite the availability of several treatment options, the five-year survival rate of NSCLC is extremely low (<20%). This underlines the necessity of more effective therapeutic alternatives. In this context, plant-derived extracts and bioactive molecules extracted from plants, known collectively as phytoceuticals, represent an extremely variegated source of bioactive compounds with potent anticancer potential. In the present study, we tested the in vitro anticancer activity of a polyherbal preparation, VEDICINALS®9, containing nine different bioactive principles extracted by medicinal plants.MethodsThe anticancer activity of VEDICINALS®9 was investigated by measuring its impact on A549 human NSCLC cell proliferation (MTT assay and trypan blue staining), migration (wound healing assay and transwell chamber assay) and by measuring the impact on the expression of cancer-related proteins (Human XL Oncology Protein Array).ResultsWe show that VEDICINALS®9 at a concentration of 0.2% v/v has potent anticancer effect, significantly inhibiting A549 cell proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, this was achieved by downregulating the expression of proteins involved in cancer cell proliferation (Axl, FGF basic, enolase 2, progranulin, survivin) and migration (Dkk-1, cathepsins B and D, BCL-x, amphiregulin, CapG, u-plasminogen activator). Furthermore, treatment with VEDICINALS®9 resulted in increased expression of the oncosuppressor protein p53 and of the angiogenesis inhibitor endostatin.ConclusionsTaken together, our results provide proof of principle of the potent anticancer activity of the polyherbal preparation VEDICINALS®9, highlighting its enormous potential as an alternative or adjuvant therapy for lung cancer.
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