| 1. |
- Akkurt, I, et al.
(författare)
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Photoneutron yields from tungsten in the energy range of the giant dipole resonance
- 2003
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Ingår i: Physics in Medicine and Biology. - : IOP Publishing. - 1361-6560 .- 0031-9155. ; 48:20, s. 3345-3352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photoneutron production on the nuclei of high-Z components of medical accelerator heads can lead to a significant secondary dose during a course of bremsstrahlung radiotherapy, However, a quantitative evaluation of secondary neutron dose requires improved data on the photoreaction yields. These have been measured as a function of photon energy, neutron energy and neutron angle for W-nat, using tagged photons at the MAX-Lab photonuclear facility in Sweden. This work presents neutron yields for W-nat(gamma, n) and compares these with the predictions of the Monte Carlo code MCNP-GN, developed specifically to simulate photoneutron production at medical accelerators.
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| 2. |
- Amer-Wåhlin, Isis, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiotocography only versus cardiotocography plus ST analysis of fetal electrocardiogram for intrapartum fetal monitoring: a Swedish randomised controlled trial
- 2001
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Ingår i: The Lancet. - 1474-547X. ; 358:9281, s. 534-538
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Previous studies indicate that analysis of the ST waveform of the fetal electrocardiogram provides information on the fetal response to hypoxia. We did a multicentre randomised controlled trial to test the hypothesis that intrapartum monitoring with cardiotocography combined with automatic ST-waveform analysis results in an improved perinatal outcome compared with cardiotocography alone. METHODS: At three Swedish labour wards, 4966 women with term fetuses in the cephalic presentation entered the trial during labour after a clinical decision had been made to apply a fetal scalp electrode for internal cardiotocography. They were randomly assigned monitoring with cardiotocography plus ST analysis (CTG+ST group) or cardiotocography only (CTG group). The main outcome measure was rate of umbilical-artery metabolic acidosis (pH <7.05 and base deficit >12 mmol/L). Secondary outcomes included operative delivery for fetal distress. Results were first analysed according to intention to treat, and secondly after exclusion of cases with severe malformations or with inadequate monitoring. FINDINGS: The CTG+ST group showed significantly lower rates of umbilical-artery metabolic acidosis than the cardiotocography group (15 of 2159 [0.7%] vs 31 of 2079 [2%], relative risk 0.47 [95% CI 0.25-0.86], p=0.02) and of operative delivery for fetal distress (193 of 2519 [8%] vs 227 of 2447 [9%], 0.83 [0.69-0.99], p=0.047) when all cases were included according to intention to treat. The differences were more pronounced after exclusion of 291 in the CTG+ST group and 283 in the CTG group with malformations or inadequate recording. INTERPRETATION: Intrapartum monitoring with cardiotocography combined with automatic ST-waveform analysis increases the ability of obstetricians to identify fetal hypoxia and to intervene more appropriately, resulting in an improved perinatal outcome.
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| 4. |
- Eriksson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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MAX-IV Design: Pushing the Envelope
- 2007
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Ingår i: 2007 IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference, vols 1-11. - 9781424409167 ; , s. 1277-1279
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The proposed MAX IV facility is meant as a successor to the existing MAX-lab. The accelerator part will consist of three storage rings, two new ones operated at 3 and 1.5 GeV respectively and the existing 700 MeV MAX III ring. The two new rings have identical lattices and are placed on top of each other. Both these rings have a very small emittance, 0.86 and 0.4 nm rad respectively, and offer synchrotron radiation of very high mean brilliance. As an injector, a 3 GeV linear accelerator is planned. The design philosophy and the special technical solutions called for are presented in this paper.
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| 8. |
- Hugosson, J, et al.
(författare)
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Population-based screening for prostate cancer by measuring free and total serum prostate-specific antigen in Sweden
- 2003
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Ingår i: BJU International. - : Wiley. - 1464-4096 .- 1464-410X. ; 92, s. 39-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives To report the initial results from Sweden of a large population-based randomized study of screening using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) to detect prostate cancer, as the efficacy of such screening to decrease prostate cancer mortality has not yet been proven. Methods From the population registry men aged 50-66 years were randomized to screening (9973) and to future controls (9973). Men randomized to screening were invited to have their serum measured for free PSA (fPSA) and total PSA (tPSA) in serum using the Prostatus(R) f/tPSA assay (Perkin-Elmer, Turku, Finland). Men with a tPSA of <3.0 ng/mL were not further investigated, while those with a tPSA of &GE;3.0 ng/mL were investigated with a digital rectal examination (DRE), transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) and sextant biopsies. Results Of those invited, 60% accepted PSA testing and 11.3% had a tPSA of &GE;3.0 ng/mL. Altogether 145 cancers were detected (positive predictive value, PPV, 24%); none were stage M1, two were stage N+ and 10 stage T3-4. Most (59%) cancers were impalpable and 39% were both impalpable and invisible on TRUS. At biopsy, 7% were Gleason score 2-4, 71% 5-6, 19% 7 and 2% Gleason score 8-10. A threshold tPSA of &GE;4.0 ng/mL would have detected 109 cancers in 366 biopsied men (PPV 30%) while cancer detection would have been 14% higher with a PPV of 36% using a threshold tPSA of &GE;3.0 ng/mL combined with a f/tPSA threshold of &LE;18%. Conclusion PSA screening detects early-stage low-grade prostate cancer. Both the sensitivity and specificity can be increased by incorporating f/tPSA with a tPSA threshold of <4 ng/mL.
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| 9. |
- Karlsson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of the differential cross section for the two-body photodisintegration of He-3 at theta(LAB)=90 degrees using tagged photons in the energy range 14-31 MeV
- 2009
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 80:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The two-body photodisintegration of He-3 has been investigated using tagged photons with energies from 14-31 MeV at MAX-lab in Lund, Sweden. The two-body breakup channel was unambiguously identified by the (nonsimultaneous) detection of both protons and deuterons. This approach was made feasible by the overdetermined kinematic situation afforded by the tagged-photon technique. Proton-and deuteron-energy spectra were measured using four silicon surface-barrier detector telescopes located at a laboratory angle of 90 degrees with respect to the incident photon-beam direction. Average statistical and systematic uncertainties of 5.7% and 6.6% in the differential cross section were obtained for 11 photon-energy bins with an average width of 1.2 MeV. The results are compared to previous experimental data measured at comparable photon energies as well as to the results of two recent Faddeev calculations which employ realistic potential models and take into account three-nucleon forces and final-state interactions. Both the accuracy and precision of the present data are improved over those obtained in the previous measurements. The data are in good agreement with most of the previous results, and favor the inclusion of three-nucleon forces in the calculations.
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| 10. |
- Lilja, Hans, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term prediction of prostate cancer up to 25 years before diagnosis of prostate cancer using prostate kallikreins measured at age 44 to 50 years.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - 1527-7755. ; 25:4, s. 431-436
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose We examined whether prostate-specific antigen (PSA) forms and human kallikrein 2 (hK2) measured at age 44 to 50 years predict long-term risk of incident prostate cancer. Methods From 1974 to 1986, 21,277 men age <= 50 years in Malmo, Sweden, enrolled onto a cardiovascular study (74% participation). The rate of PSA screening in this population is low. According to the Swedish Cancer Registry, 498 were later diagnosed with prostate cancer. We measured hK2, free PSA, and total PSA (tPSA) in archived blood plasma from 462 participants later diagnosed with prostate cancer and from 1,222 matched controls. Conditional logistic regression was used to test for association of prostate cancer with hK2 and PSA forms measured at baseline. Results Median delay between venipuncture and prostate cancer diagnosis was 18 years. hK2 and all PSA forms were strongly associated with prostate cancer (all P < .0005). None of the 90 anthropometric, lifestyle, biochemical, and medical history variables measured at baseline was importantly predictive. A tPSA increase of 1 ng/mL was associated with an increase in odds of cancer of 3.69 (95% CI, 2.99 to 4.56); addition of other PSA forms or hK2 did not add to the predictive value of tPSA. tPSA remained predictive for men diagnosed >= 20 years after venipuncture, and the predictive value remained unchanged in an analysis restricted to palpable disease. Conclusion A single PSA test at age 44 to 50 years predicts subsequent clinically diagnosed prostate cancer. This raises the possibility of risk stratification for prostate cancer screening programs.
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