| 1. |
- Bornehag, Carl-Gustaf, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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The SELMA study : a birth cohort study in Sweden following more than 2000 mother-child pairs
- 2012
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Ingår i: Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology. - Hoboken, USA : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0269-5022 .- 1365-3016. ; 26:5, s. 456-467
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: This paper describes the background, aim and study design for the Swedish SELMA study that aimed to investigate the importance of early life exposure during pregnancy and infancy to environmental factors with a major focus on endocrine disrupting chemicals for multiple chronic diseases/disorders in offspring.Methods: The cohort was established by recruiting women in the 10th week of pregnancy. Blood and urine from the pregnant women and the child and air and dust from home environment from pregnancy and infancy period have been collected. Questionnaires were used to collect information on life styles, socio-economic status, living conditions, diet and medical history.Results: Of the 8394 reported pregnant women, 6658 were invited to participate in the study. Among the invited women, 2582 (39%) agreed to participate. Of the 4076 (61%) non-participants, 2091 women were invited to a non-respondent questionnaire in order to examine possible selection bias. We found a self-selection bias in the established cohort when compared with the non-participant group, e.g. participating families did smoke less (14% vs. 19%), had more frequent asthma and allergy symptoms in the family (58% vs. 38%), as well as higher education among the mothers (51% vs. 36%) and more often lived in single-family houses (67% vs. 60%).Conclusions: These findings indicate that the participating families do not fully represent the study population and thus, the exposure in this population. However, there is no obvious reason that this selection bias will have an impact on identification of environmental risk factors.
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| 2. |
- Gad, Helge, et al.
(författare)
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MTH1 inhibition eradicates cancer by preventing sanitation of the dNTP pool
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 508:7495, s. 215-221
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancers have dysfunctional redox regulation resulting in reactive oxygen species production, damaging both DNA and free dNTPs. The MTH1 protein sanitizes oxidized dNTP pools to prevent incorporation of damaged bases during DNA replication. Although MTH1 is non-essential in normal cells, we show that cancer cells require MTH1 activity to avoid incorporation of oxidized dNTPs, resulting in DNA damage and cell death. We validate MTH1 as an anticancer target in vivo and describe small molecules TH287 and TH588 as first-in-class nudix hydrolase family inhibitors that potently and selectively engage and inhibit the MTH1 protein in cells. Protein co-crystal structures demonstrate that the inhibitors bindin the active site of MTH1. The inhibitors cause incorporation of oxidized dNTPs in cancer cells, leading to DNA damage, cytotoxicity and therapeutic responses in patient-derived mouse xenografts. This study exemplifies the non-oncogene addiction concept for anticancer treatment and validates MTH1 as being cancer phenotypic lethal.
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| 3. |
- Arne, Mats, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Factors associated with good self-rated health and quality of life in subjects with self-reported COPD
- 2011
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. - 1176-9106 .- 1178-2005. ; 6, s. 511-519
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Recent guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) state that COPD is both preventable and treatable. To gain a more positive outlook on the disease it is interesting to investigate factors associated with good, self-rated health and quality of life in subjects with self-reported COPD in the population. Methods: In a cross-sectional study design, postal survey questionnaires were sent to a stratified, random population in Sweden in 2004 and 2008. The prevalence of subjects (40–84 years) who reported having COPD was 2.1% in 2004 and 2.7% in 2008. Data were analyzed for 1475 subjects. Regression models were used to analyze the associations between health measures (general health status, the General Health Questionnaire, the EuroQol five-dimension questionnaire) and influencing factors. Results: The most important factor associated with good, self-rated health and quality of life was level of physical activity. Odds ratios for general health varied from 2.4 to 7.7 depending on degree of physical activity, where subjects with the highest physical activity level reported the best health and also highest quality of life. Social support and absence of economic problems almost doubled the odds ratios for better health and quality of life. Conclusions: In this population-based public health survey, better self-rated health status and quality of life in subjects with self-reported COPD was associated with higher levels of physical activity, social support, and absence of economic problems. The findings indicated that of possible factors that could be influenced, promoting physical activity and strengthening social support are important in maintaining or improving the health and quality of life in subjects with COPD. Severity of the disease as a possible confounding effect should be investigated in future population studies.
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| 4. |
- Berglund, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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‘I had to leave’. A cultural analysis of motives for commercial transplantations.
- 2012
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Ingår i: The body as gift, resource and commodity. ; , s. 321-343
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article is based on a pilot study of the stories of Swedish patients having had a kidney transplant abroad. Our focus is on how people who have been transplanted abroad talk about and handles the dilemma that may arise due to the transplantation trips.
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| 5. |
- Crona, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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A Rare Combination of Ribonucleotide Reductases in the Social Amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Biological Chemistry. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 288:12, s. 8198-8208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) catalyze the only pathway for de novo synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides needed for DNA replication and repair. The vast majority of eukaryotes encodes only a class I RNR, but interestingly some eukaryotes, including the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum, encode both a class I and a class II RNR. The amino acid sequence of the D. discoideum class I RNR is similar to other eukaryotic RNRs, whereas that of its class II RNR is most similar to the monomeric class II RNRs found in Lactobacillus spp. and a few other bacteria. Here we report the first study of RNRs in a eukaryotic organism that encodes class I and class II RNRs. Both classes of RNR genes were expressed in D. discoideum cells, although the class I transcripts were more abundant and strongly enriched during mid-development compared with the class II transcript. The quaternary structure, allosteric regulation, and properties of the diiron-oxo/radical cofactor of D. discoideum class I RNR are similar to those of the mammalian RNRs. Inhibition of D. discoideum class I RNR by hydroxyurea resulted in a 90% reduction in spore formation and decreased the germination viability of the surviving spores by 75%. Class II RNR could not compensate for class I inhibition during development, and an excess of vitamin B12 coenzyme, which is essential for class II activity, did not improve spore formation. We suggest that class I is the principal RNR during D. discoideum development and growth and is important for spore formation, possibly by providing dNTPs for mitochondrial replication.
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| 6. |
- Gummesson, Anders, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Intestinal Permeability Is Associated With Visceral Adiposity in Healthy Women.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.). - : Wiley. - 1930-7381.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased visceral fat, as opposed to subcutaneous/gluteal, most strongly relates to key metabolic dysfunctions including insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation. Mesenteric fat hypertrophy in patients with Crohn's disease and in experimental rodent models of gut inflammation suggest that impaired gut barrier function with increased leakage of gut-derived antigens may drive visceral lipid deposition. The aim of this study was to determine whether increased intestinal permeability is associated with visceral adiposity in healthy humans. Normal to overweight female subjects were recruited from a population-based cohort. Intestinal permeability was assessed using the ratio of urinary excretion of orally ingested sucralose to mannitol (S/M). In study 1 (n = 67), we found a positive correlation between waist circumference and S/M excretion within a time frame of urine collection consistent with permeability of the lower gastrointestinal tract (6-9 hours post-ingestion; P = 0.022). These results were followed up in study 2 (n = 55) in which we used computed tomography and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry to measure visceral and subcutaneous fat areas of the abdomen, liver fat content, and total body fat of the same women. The S/M ratio from the 6-12 h urine sample correlated with visceral fat area (P = 0.0003) and liver fat content (P = 0.004), but not with subcutaneous or total body fat. This novel finding of an association between intestinal permeability and visceral adiposity and liver fat content in healthy humans suggests that impaired gut barrier function should be further explored as a possible mediator of excess visceral fat accumulation and metabolic dysfunction.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Harlin, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Framtidens industriarbete : inspiration för utveckling av industriarbetet för ökad konkurrenskraft
- 2011
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Det finns en övertygelse om att sättet som vi utvecklar industriarbetet på ger fördelar och konkurrensfördelar som inte går lätt att kopiera! Denna skrift visar hur några av de bästa företagen i Sverige utvecklar industriarbetet för att stärka sin konkurrenskraft och produktion i Sverige. Här är produktion och produktivitet i fokus som samtidigt skapar bra förutsättningar för individen och erbjuder ett attraktivt långsiktigt hållbart arbete. I en grundbild beskrivs gemensamma kvaliteter som företagen eftersträvar att stärka och vidareutveckla. Skriften ger inspiration för att ta fram en gemensam målbild inom det egna företaget för utveckling av industriarbetet som har förutsättningar att skapa fördelar både för företaget och medarbetare. Den innehåller också ett workshopunderlag för att analysera nuläget (bra initiativ, aktuella utmaningar, företagets egna styrkor), för att identifiera och prioritera aktiviteter och ta fram ett underlag till en handlingsplan. Skriften bygger på erfarenheter från SKF, Scania CV, Alfa Laval Lund, SSAB EMEA, Atlas Copco Secoroc, Skaraverken, Furhoffs Rostfria, Westbaltic Components, Volvo Personvagnar och forskare från olika forskningsfält i Sverige. Studien och denna skrift har genomförts på uppdrag av IF Metall, Teknikföretagen, Swerea IVFs Intressentförening och Vinnova.
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| 9. |
- Idahl, Annika, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium plasma antibodies in relation to epithelial ovarian tumors
- 2011
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Ingår i: Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1064-7449 .- 1098-0997. ; 2011
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To assess associations of Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium antibodies with epithelial ovarian tumors.Methods: Plasma samples from 291 women, undergoing surgery due to suspected ovarian pathology, were analyzed with respect to C. trachomatis IgG and IgA, chlamydial Heat Shock Protein 60-1 (cHSP60-1) IgG and M. genitalium IgG antibodies. Women with borderline tumors (), ovarian carcinoma (), or other pelvic malignancies () were matched to four healthy controls each.Results: Overall, there were no associations of antibodies with EOC. However, chlamydial HSP60-1 IgG antibodies were associated with type II ovarian cancer () in women with plasma samples obtained >1 year prior to diagnosis (). M. genitalium IgG antibodies were associated with borderline ovarian tumors ().Conclusion: Chlamydial HSP60-1 IgG and M. genitalium IgG antibodies are in this study associated with epithelial ovarian tumors in some subsets, which support the hypothesis linking upper-genital tract infections and ovarian tumor development.
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| 10. |
- Idahl, Annika, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, human papillomavirus, and polyomavirus are not detectable in human tissue with epithelial ovarian cancer, borderline tumor, or benign conditions
- 2010
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Ingår i: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9378 .- 1097-6868. ; 202:1, s. 71.e1-71.e6
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: We sought to analyze the presence of the microorganisms Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, human papillomavirus (HPV), and the polyomaviruses BK virus (BKV) and JC virus (JCV) in ovarian tissues of women with ovarian carcinomas, borderline tumors, and benign conditions. STUDY DESIGN: Ovarian tissue, snap-frozen and stored at -80 degrees C, from 186 women with benign conditions, borderline tumors, and epithelial ovarian cancer, as well as tissue from the contralateral ovary of 126 of these women, were analyzed regarding presence of C trachomatis and N gonorrhoeae (transcription mediated amplification), M genitalium (real-time polymerase chain reaction [PCR]), HPV (PCR), and BKV and JCV (PCR). RESULTS: All the tissue samples studied were found negative for the microorganisms analyzed. CONCLUSION: C trachomatis, M genitalium, N gonorrhoeae, HPV, and the polyomaviruses BKV and JCV are not detectable in ovarian tissues either from women with benign conditions and borderline tumors or from women with ovarian cancer.
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