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- Brenninkmeijer, C. A. M., et al.
(författare)
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Civil Aircraft for the regular investigation of the atmosphere based on an instrumented container: The new CARIBIC system
- 2007
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Ingår i: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - 1680-7324. ; 7:18, s. 4953-4976
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An airfreight container with automated instruments for measurement of atmospheric gases and trace compounds was operated on a monthly basis onboard a Boeing 767-300 ER of LTU International Airways during long-distance flights from 1997 to 2002 (CARIBIC, Civil Aircraft for Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container, http://www.caribic-atmospheric.com). Subsequently a more advanced system has been developed, using a larger capacity container with additional equipment and an improved inlet system. CARIBIC phase #2 was implemented on a new long-range aircraft type Airbus A340-600 of the Lufthansa German Airlines (Star Alliance) in December 2004, creating a powerful flying observatory. The instrument package comprises detectors for the measurement of O-3, total and gaseous H2O, NO and NOy, CO, CO2, O-2, Hg, and number concentrations of sub-micrometer particles (>4 nm, >12 nm, and >18 nm diameter). Furthermore, an optical particle counter (OPC) and a proton transfer mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) are incorporated. Aerosol samples are collected for analysis of elemental composition and particle morphology after flight. Air samples are taken in glass containers for laboratory analyses of hydrocarbons, halocarbons and greenhouse gases (including isotopic composition of CO2) in several laboratories. Absorption tubes collect oxygenated volatile organic compounds. Three differential optical absorption spectrometers (DOAS) with their telescopes mounted in the inlet system measure atmospheric trace gases such as BrO, HONO, and NO2. A video camera mounted in the inlet provides information about clouds along the flight track. The flying observatory, its equipment and examples of measurement results are reported.
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| 2. |
- Martinsson, B., et al.
(författare)
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Analyzing atmospheric trace gases and aerosols using passenger aircraft
- 2005
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Ingår i: Eos. - 0096-3941. ; 86:8, s. 77-77
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- CARIBIC (Civil Aircraft for the Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container) resumed regular measurement flights with an extended scientific payload in December 2004. After an automated measurement container was successfully deployed on intercontinental flights using a Boeing 767 from 1997 to 2002, a far more powerful package now is deployed using a new Airbus A340‐600 made available by Lufthansa German Airlines (Star Alliance). The new CARIBIC system will help address a range of current atmospheric science questions during its projected lifetime of 10 years.European and Japanese scientists are developing a variety of atmospheric chemistry research and monitoring projects based on the use of passenger aircraft. This is a logical approach with a main advantage being that near‐global coverage is obtained, in contrast to limited coverage through research aircraftbased expeditions. Moreover, highly detailed and consistent data sets can be acquired, as compared to satellite observations in general. In addition, even compared to land‐based observatories, operational costs are moderate.
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| 5. |
- Lindelöf, Karin S., 1976-
(författare)
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Om vi nu ska bli som Europa : Könsskapande och normalitet bland unga kvinnor i transitionens Polen
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of this dissertation is to highlight the discourses surrounding the creation of gender in relation to a number of young, well-educated city women in Poland in the early 21st century. It is my intention to show which “ways of being a woman” that are culturally feasible in Poland in a time of transition – politically, economically, and socially. The study is based on interviews and field notes from a half-year field project in Gdansk-Sopot-Gdynia in 2001.The first chapter discusses theoretical and methodological issues and the second introduces the main themes by analysing a number of essays where Polish students are discussing feminism and women’s situation in Poland and Sweden. Chapter three to six analyses the interviews and other fieldwork material. The courtliness and daily door-opening procedures, which several of the participants in the study regard as typically Polish, are discussed in chapter three. In chapter four, connecting courtliness to issues of love and sexuality deepens this discussion. In chapter five gender equality and feminism is in focus, and in chapter six this discussion is connected to the young women’s ideas of future work and family life. The last chapter concludes and continues the analysis by introducing the concepts of variants and variant-making as a promising way of discussing new identities, institutions and structures in post-socialist and similar settings. The creation of identity appears as a highly intersectional activity in the study. Gender, class, generation, sexuality, nationality, place of residence (city/countryside) are important elements in the young women’s creation of themselves as individuals. The different processes of democratisation, adapting to the EU, privatisation etc., as well as current ideas such as new liberalism, Catholicism and femininity are central to what is happening in Poland today. All these aspects interact in the construction of the identities of the young women.
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| 9. |
- Martinsson, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of the 2008 Kasatochi volcanic eruption on sulfurous and carbonaceous aerosol constituents in the lower stratosphere
- 2009
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Ingår i: Geophysical Research Letters. - 1944-8007. ; 36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Influences on stratospheric aerosol during the first four months following the eruption of Kasatochi volcano (Alaska) were studied using observations at 10700 +/- 600 m altitude from the CARIBIC platform. Collected aerosol samples were analyzed for elemental constituents. Particle number concentrations were recorded in three size intervals together with ozone mixing ratios and slant column densities of SO2. The eruption increased particulate sulfur concentrations by a factor of up to 10 compared to periods before the eruption (1999-2002 and 2005-August 2008). Three to four months later, the concentration was still elevated by a factor of 3 in the lowermost stratosphere at northern midlatitudes. Besides sulfur, the Kasatochi aerosol contained a significant carbonaceous component and ash that declined in time after the eruption. The carbon-to-sulfur mass concentration ratio of the volcanic aerosol was 2.6 seven days after the eruption and reached 1.2 after 3 - 4 months. Citation: Martinsson, B. G., C. A. M. Brenninkmeijer, S. A. Carn, M. Hermann, K.-P. Heue, P. F. J. van Velthoven, and A. Zahn (2009), Influence of the 2008 Kasatochi volcanic eruption on sulfurous and carbonaceous aerosol constituents in the lower stratosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L12813, doi: 10.1029/2009GL038735.
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| 10. |
- Martinsson, L, et al.
(författare)
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Activity Index - a complementary ADL scale to the Barthel Index in the acute stage in patients with severe stroke
- 2006
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Ingår i: Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland). - : S. Karger AG. - 1015-9770 .- 1421-9786. ; 22:4, s. 231-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <i>Objective:</i> It was the aim of this study to compare the Barthel Index (BI) and the activities of daily living (ADL) component of the Activity Index [AI(ADL)] regarding floor and ceiling effects, responsiveness and the predictive value for survival during the first week until 3 months after stroke onset. <i>Patients and Methods:</i> Basic ADL were assessed in 75 patients with ischaemic stroke. <i>Results:</i> There was a strong concordance between BI and AI(ADL) scores at all time points (Kendall’s τ<sub>b</sub> = 0.7878, p < 0.0001 at baseline; Kendall’s τ<sub>b</sub> = 0.8901, p < 0.0001 at 1 week; Kendall’s τ<sub>b</sub> = 0.9027, p < 0.0001 at 3 months). BI had a significantly more pronounced floor effect at baseline and at 1 week compared with AI(ADL) in patients with severe stroke. Both scales had a substantial ceiling effect at 3 months. At 1 week, the baseline BI score was significantly higher in patients being alive as compared with those who had died, while their AI(ADL) score did not differ significantly. At 3 months, baseline BI and AI(ADL) scores were significantly higher in patients being alive as compared with those who had died. The predictive value of being alive at 1 week and 3 months did not differ between BI and AI(ADL). <i>Conclusion:</i> AI(ADL) is recommended to be used in addition as a complement to BI in patients with severe stroke since the floor effect with BI in the acute stage is significantly more pronounced than with AI(ADL), thus hampering the responsiveness.
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