| 1. |
- van Doorn, Ljcv, et al.
(författare)
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Improved Cerebrospinal Fluid-Based Discrimination between Alzheimer's Disease Patients and Controls after Correction for Ventricular Volumes
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Alzheimers Disease. - : IOS Press. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 56:2, s. 543-555
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers may support the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We studied if the diagnostic power of AD CSF biomarker concentrations, i.e., A beta(42), total tau (t-tau), and phosphorylated tau (p-tau), is affected by differences in lateral ventricular volume (VV), using CSF biomarker data and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of 730 subjects, from 13 European Memory Clinics. We developed a Matlab-algorithm for standardized automated segmentation analysis of T1 weighted MRI scans in SPM8 for determining VV, and computed its ratio with total intracranial volume (TIV) as proxy for total CSF volume. The diagnostic power of CSF biomarkers (and their combination), either corrected for VV/TIV ratio or not, was determined by ROC analysis. CSF A beta(42) levels inversely correlated to VV/TIV in the whole study population (A beta(42): r = -0.28; p < 0.0001). For CSF t-tau and p-tau, this association only reached statistical significance in the combined MCI and AD group (t-tau: r = -0.15; p-tau: r = -0.13; both p < 0.01). Correction for differences in VV/TIV improved the differentiation of AD versus controls based on CSF A beta(42) alone (AUC: 0.75 versus 0.81) or in combination with t-tau (AUC: 0.81 versus 0.91). In conclusion, differences in VV may be an important confounder in interpreting CSF A beta(42) levels.
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| 2. |
- Blaukat, Andree, et al.
(författare)
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Activation of sphingosine kinase by the bradykinin B2 receptor and its implication in regulation of the ERK/MAP kinase pathway.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Biol Chem. - 1431-6730. ; 382:1, s. 135-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sphingosine kinase phosphorylates sphingosine to generate sphingosine 1-phosphate, a phospholipid that has been implicated in signaling by a number of transmembrane receptors and was recently shown to act as a ligand for a specific class of G protein-coupled receptors. Here we show that the G protein-coupled bradykinin B2 receptor activates sphingosine kinase leading to a time- and dose-dependent elevation of cellular sphingosine 1-phosphate levels that was blocked by the sphingosine kinase inhibitor dihydrosphingosine. Furthermore, increasing doses of this inhibitor partially affected the bradykinin-mediated ERK/MAP kinase activation and fully blocked the protein kinase C-independent component of the signaling pathway from the B2 receptor to the ERK/MAP kinase cascade. Overexpression of sphingosine kinase did not additionally increase the bradykinin-induced ERK/MAP kinase activity, indicating a permissive rather than activating role of sphingosine 1-phosphate in B2 receptor-mediated mitogenic signaling.
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| 3. |
- Diehl, Stefan
(författare)
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Operating charts for continuous sedimentation II: Step responses
- 2005
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Ingår i: Journal of Engineering Mathematics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0022-0833 .- 1573-2703. ; 53:2, s. 139-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The process of continuous sedimentation of particles in a liquid has often been predicted by means of operating charts and mass-balance considerations, where the underlying constitutive assumption is the one by Kynch. Much more complex operating charts (concentration-flux diagrams) can be obtained from a one-dimensional model of an ideal continuous clarifier-thickener unit. The engineering concept of 'optimal operation' is defined generally as a special type of solution of the model equation, which is a conservation law with a source term and a space-discontinuous flux function. All qualitatively different step responses (with the unit initially in optimal operation in steady state) are presented and classified in terms of operating charts. Quantitative information relating several interesting variables are also presented concerning, for example, the time until overflow occurs as a function of the feed concentration and flux.
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| 4. |
- Diehl, Stefan
(författare)
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Operating charts for continuous sedimentation III: control of step inputs
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Engineering Mathematics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0022-0833 .- 1573-2703. ; 54:3, s. 225-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The main purposes of a clarifier-thickener unit is that it should produce a high underflow concentration and a zero effluent concentration. The main difficulty in the control of the clarification-thickening process (by adjusting a volume flow) is that it is nonlinear with complex relations between concentrations and volume flows via the solution of a PDE - a conservation law with a source term and a space-discontinuous flux function. In order to approach this problem, control objectives for dynamic operation and strategies on how to meet these objectives are presented in the case when the clarifier-thickener unit initially is in steady state in optimal operation and is subjected to step input data. A complete classification of such solutions is given by means of an operating chart (concentration-flux diagram).
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Pham, Thanh Nam, et al.
(författare)
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Modelling Beach Topography Evolution Due to Waves and Currents in the Vicinity of Coastal Structures
- 2013
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Ingår i: Coastal Structures 2011, Vol 1 & 2. ; , s. 878-888
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A numerical model of beach topography evolution due to waves and currents in the vicinity of coastal structures was developed. The model consists of five sub-models for nearshore random wave transformation, surface roller development, wave-induced currents, sediment transport, and morphological evolution. It was validated based on high-quality data sets from the Large-scale Sediment Transport Facility at the Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory, in Vicksburg, Mississippi, USA. The simulations discussed here showed that the model well reproduced hydrodynamic conditions as well as beach morphological evolution in the vicinity of a detached breakwater. Previous simulations have confirmed the applicability of the model to simulate the conditions at other breakwater configurations and T-head groins.
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| 7. |
- van Diepen, Cornelia, et al.
(författare)
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Association between person-centred care and healthcare providers’ job satisfaction and work-related health: a scoping review
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 10:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: This scoping review aimed to explore and describe the research on associations between person-centred care (PCC) and healthcare provider outcomes, for example, job satisfaction and work-related health. Design: Scoping review. Eligibility criteria: Studies were included if they were empirical studies that analysed associations between PCC measurement tools and healthcare providers outcomes. Search strategy: Searches in PubMed, CINAHL, Psychinfo and SCOPUS databases were conducted to identify relevant studies published between 2001 and 2019. Two authors independently screened studies for inclusion. Results: Eighteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Twelve studies were cross-sectional, four quasi-experimental, one longitudinal and one randomised controlled trial. The studies were carried out in Sweden, The Netherlands, the USA, Australia, Norway and Germany in residential care, nursing homes, safety net clinics, a hospital and community care. The healthcare provider outcomes consisted of job satisfaction, burnout, stress of conscience, psychosocial work environment, job strain and intent to leave. The cross-sectional studies found significant associations, whereas the longitudinal studies revealed no significant effects of PCC on healthcare provider outcomes over time. Conclusion: Most studies established a positive association between PCC and healthcare provider outcomes. However, due to the methodological variation, a robust conclusion could not be generated. Further research is required to establish the viability of implementing PCC for the improvement of job satisfaction and work-related health outcomes through rigorous and consistent research.
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| 8. |
- Van Orden, Kimberley, et al.
(författare)
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Characteristics and Comorbid Symptoms of Older Adults Reporting Death Ideation
- 2013
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Ingår i: The American journal of geriatric psychiatry. - 1064-7481. ; 21:8, s. 803-810
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:: To determine whether death ideation in late life is associated with markers of elevated risk for suicide, or reflects normal psychological processes in later life. DESIGN/SETTING:: Population-based cross-sectional study in Gothenburg, Sweden. PARTICIPANTS:: The sample consists of 345 men and women of age 85 years (born 1901-1902) and living in Gothenburg, Sweden. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:: The Paykel Scale measured the most severe level of suicidality over an individual's lifetime. Other key measures were severity of depression and anxiety and frequency of death/suicidal ideation over the previous month. RESULTS:: Latent class analysis revealed distinct groups of older adults who reported recent death ideation. Recent death ideation did not occur apart from other risk factors for suicide; instead individuals reporting recent death ideation also reported either 1) recent high levels of depression and anxiety, or 2) more distant histories of serious suicidal ideation (indicative of worst point severity of suicidal ideation)-both of which elevate risk for eventual suicide. CONCLUSIONS:: Our results indicate a heterogeneous presentation of older adults who report death ideation, with some presenting with acute distress and suicidal thoughts, and others presenting with low distress but histories of serious suicidal ideation. The presence of death ideation is associated with markers of increased risk for suicide, including "worst point" active suicidal ideation.
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