| 1. |
- Moskal, A., et al.
(författare)
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Main nutrient patterns and colorectal cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study
- 2016
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Ingår i: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 115:11, s. 1430-1440
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Much of the current literature on diet-colorectal cancer (CRC) associations focused on studies of single foods/nutrients, whereas less is known about nutrient patterns. We investigated the association between major nutrient patterns and CRC risk in participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Methods: Among 477 312 participants, intakes of 23 nutrients were estimated from validated dietary questionnaires. Using results from a previous principal component (PC) analysis, four major nutrient patterns were identified. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed for the association of each of the four patterns and CRC incidence using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models with adjustment for established CRC risk factors. Results: During an average of 11 years of follow-up, 4517 incident cases of CRC were documented. A nutrient pattern characterised by high intakes of vitamins and minerals was inversely associated with CRC (HR per 1 s.d. = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.92-0.98) as was a pattern characterised by total protein, riboflavin, phosphorus and calcium (HR (1 s.d.) = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.93-0.99). The remaining two patterns were not significantly associated with CRC risk. Conclusions: Analysing nutrient patterns may improve our understanding of how groups of nutrients relate to CRC.
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| 2. |
- Völzke, Henry, et al.
(författare)
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The krakow declaration on iodine: Tasks and responsibilities for prevention programs targeting iodine deficiency disorders
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Thyroid Journal. - : Bioscientifica. - 2235-0640 .- 2235-0802. ; 7, s. 201-204
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018 European Thyroid Association. Published by S. Karger AG, Basel. On April 18, 2018 the EUthyroid consortium released the Krakow Declaration on Iodine in response to the increasing concern about the deteriorating commitment of policymakers to address public health strategies against iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in the European populations. Regulators and policymakers should harmonize obligatory Universal Salt Iodization to ensure free trade of fortified foodstuffs in Europe. Similarly, iodized animal feed requires regulatory approval to ensure free trade within the EU. National governments and public health authorities have to perform harmonized monitoring and evaluation of fortification programs at regular intervals to ensure optimal iodine supply to the population. Scientists, together with public health care workers, patient organizations, industry, and the public should support measures necessary to ensure that IDD prevention programs are sustainable, as appropriate within a rapidly changing environment and further social awareness of the issue. The declaration defines measures and responsibilities to optimize IDD prevention.
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| 3. |
- Derakhshan, Arash, et al.
(författare)
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Reference ranges and determinants of thyroid function during early pregnancy : the SELMA study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : Oxford University Press. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 103:9, s. 3548-3556
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: Establishing reference ranges as well as identifying and quantifying the determinants of thyroid function during pregnancy is important for proper clinical interpretation and optimizing research efforts. However, such data are sparse, specifically for (F)T3 measurements and most studies do not take into account thyroid antibodies or hCG.Objective: To determine reference ranges and to identify/quantify determinants of TSH, FT4, FT3, TT4 and TT3.Design, Setting and Participants: This study included 2,314 participants of the Swedish Environmental Longitudinal, Mother and child, Asthma and allergy study, a population-based prospective pregnancy cohort of mother-child pairs. Reference ranges were calculated by 2.5-97.5th percentiles after excluding TPOAb and/or TgAb positive women.Intervention: None.Main Outcome Measures: TSH, FT4, FT3, TT4 and TT3 in prenatal serum.Results: After exclusion of TPOAb positive women, reference range were: TSH: 0.11-3.48 mU/L, FT4: 11.6-19.4 pmol/L, FT3: 3.72-5.92 pg/mL, TT4: 82.4-166.2 pmol/L and TT3: 1.28-2.92 nmol/L. Additional exclusion of TgAb positive women did not change the reference ranges substantially. Exposure to tobacco smoke, as assessed by questionnaires and serum cotinine, was associated with lower TSH and higher FT3 and TT3. BMI and gestational age were the main determinants of TSH (only for BMI), FT4, FT3, TT4 and TT3.Conclusions: We show that the exclusion of TgAb positive women on top of excluding TPOAb positive women hardly affects clinical reference ranges. We identified various relevant clinical determinants of TSH, FT4, FT3, TT4 and TT3 which could reflect endocrine disrupting effects and/or effects on thyroid hormone transport or deiodination.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Levie, Deborah, et al.
(författare)
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The Association of Maternal Iodine Status in Early Pregnancy with Thyroid Function in the Swedish Environmental Longitudinal, Mother and Child, Asthma and Allergy Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Thyroid. - : Mary Ann Liebert. - 1050-7256 .- 1557-9077. ; 29:11, s. 1660-1668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Severe maternal iodine deficiency can impact fetal brain development through effects on maternal and/or fetal thyroid hormone availability. The effects of mild-to-moderate iodine deficiency on thyroid function are less clear. The aim was to investigate the association of maternal urinary iodine concentration corrected for creatinine (UI/Creat) with thyroid function and autoantibodies in a mild-to-moderate iodine-deficient pregnant population. Methods: This study was embedded within the Swedish Environmental Longitudinal, Mother and child, Asthma and allergy (SELMA) study. Clinical reference ranges were determined by the 2.5th and 97.5th population-based percentile cutoffs. The associations of UI/Creat with thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine (fT4), free triiodothyronine (fT3), total T4 (TT4), and total T3 (TT3) were studied using multivariable linear regression in thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb)-negative women. The association of UI/Creat with TPOAb and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) positivity was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Urinary iodine and thyroid function were measured at a median (95% range) gestational age of 10 (6-14) weeks in 2009 women. The median (95% range) UI/Creat was 85 mu g/g (36-386) and the UI/Creat was below 150 mu g/g in 80.1% of women. Reference ranges did not differ substantially by UI/Creat. A lower UI/Creat was associated with a lower TSH (p = 0.027), a higher TT4 (p = 0.032), and with a corresponding trend toward slightly higher fT4 (p = 0.081), fT3 (p = 0.079), and TT3 (p = 0.10). UI/Creat was not associated with the fT4/fT3 (p = 0.94) or TT4/TT3 ratios (p = 0.63). Women with a UI/Creat of 150-249 mu g/g had the lowest prevalence of TPOAb positivity (6.1%), while women with a UI/Creat of <150 mu g/g had a higher prevalence (11.0%, odds ratio [OR] confidence interval [95% CI] 1.84 [1.07-3.20], p = 0.029). Women with a UI/Creat >= 500 mu g/g showed the highest prevalence and a higher risk of TPOAb positivity, however, only a small proportion of women had such a UI/Creat (12.5%, OR, [95% CI] 2.36 [0.54-10.43], p = 0.26). Conclusions: We could not identify any meaningful differences in thyroid function reference ranges. Lower iodine availability was associated with a slightly lower TSH and a higher TT4. Women with adequate iodine intake had the lowest risk of TPOAb positivity.
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