| 1. |
- Bechta, Sevostian, et al.
(författare)
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Water boiling on the corium melt surface under VVER severe accident conditions
- 2000
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Ingår i: Nuclear Engineering and Design. - 0029-5493 .- 1872-759X. ; 195:1, s. 45-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experimental results are presented on the interaction of corium melt with water supplied on its surface. The tests were conducted in the `Rasplav-2' experimental facility. Corium melt was generated by induction melting in the cold crucible. The following data were obtained: heat transfer at boiling water-melt surface interaction, gas and aerosol release, post-interaction solidified corium structure. The corium melt charge had the following composition, mass%: 60% UO2+x-16% ZRO2-15% Fe2O3-6% Cr2O3-3% Ni2O3. The melt surface temperature ranged within 1920-1970 K.
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| 2. |
- Noterdaeme, J. M., et al.
(författare)
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Heating, current drive and energetic particle studies on JET in preparation of ITER operation
- 2003
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0029-5515 .- 1741-4326. ; 43:3, s. 202-209
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper summarizes the recent work on JET in the three areas of heating, current drive and energetic particles. The achievements have extended the possibilities of JET, have a direct connection to ITER operation and provide new and interesting physics. Toroidal rotation profiles of plasmas heated far off axis with little or no refuelling or momentum input are hollow with only small differences on whether the power deposition is located on the low field side or on the high field side. With LH current drive the magnetic shear was varied from slightly positive to negative. The improved coupling (through the use of plasma shaping and CD4) allowed up to 3.4 MW of PLH in internal transport barrier (ITB) plasmas with more than 15 MW of combined NBI and ICRF heating. The q-profile with negative magnetic shear and the ITB could be maintained for the duration of the high heating pulse (8 s). Fast ions have been produced in JET with ICRF to simulate alpha particles: by using third harmonic He-4 heating, beam injected He-4 at 120 kV were accelerated to energies above 2 MeV taking advantage of the unique capability of JET to use NBI with 4 He and to confine MeV class ions. ICRF heating was used to replicate the dynamics of alpha heating and the control of an equivalent Q = 10 `burn' was simulated.
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| 3. |
- Breus, TK, et al.
(författare)
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The biological effects of solar activity
- 2002
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Ingår i: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie. - : Elsevier BV. - 0753-3322. ; 5656 Suppl 2, s. 273S-283S
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Mantsinen, M. J., et al.
(författare)
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Localized bulk electron heating with ICRF mode conversion in the JET tokamak
- 2004
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 0029-5515 .- 1741-4326. ; 44:1, s. 33-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ion cyclotron resonance frequencies (ICRF) mode conversion has been developed for localized on-axis and off-axis bulk electron heating on the JET tokamak. The fast magnetosonic waves launched from the low-field side ICRF antennas are mode-converted to short-wavelength waves on the high-field side of the He-3 ion cyclotron resonance layer in D and He-4 plasmas and subsequently damped on the bulk electrons. The resulting electron power deposition, measured using ICRF power modulation, is narrow with a typical full-width at half-maximum of approximate to30 cm (i.e. about 30% of the minor radius) and the total deposited power to electrons comprises at least up to 80% of the applied ICRF power. The ICRF mode conversion power deposition has been kept constant using He-3 bleed throughout the ICRF phase with a typical duration of 4-6 s, i.e. 15-40 energy confinement times. Using waves propagating in the counter-current direction minimizes competing ion damping in the presence of co-injected deuterium beam ions.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Shin, C.-S., et al.
(författare)
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Epitaxial NaCl structure d-TaNx(001) : Electronic transport properties, elastic modulus, and hardness versus N/Ta ratio
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 90:6, s. 2879-2885
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- While metastable Bl-NaCl-structure d-TaNx. is presently used in a variety of hard coating, wear-resistant, and diffusion barrier applications, it is a complex material exhibiting a wide single-phase field, x?0.94-1.37, and little is known about its fundamental properties. Here, we report physical properties of epitaxial d-TaNx. layers grown as a function of x on MgO(00) by ultrahigh vacuum reactive magnetron sputter deposition. The room-temperature resistivity (? = 225 µO cm), hardness (H = 30.9 GPa), and elastic modulus (E = 455 GPa) of d-TaNx(001) are independent of x over the range 0.94-1.22. However, changes in the electronic structure associated with increasing x>1.22 lead to an increase in ? with a decrease in H and E. All d-TaNx(001) layers exhibit negative temperature coefficients of resistivity between 20 and 400 K due to weak carrier localization. d-TaNx is superconducting with the highest critical temperature, 8.45 K, obtained for layers with the lowest N/Ta ratio, x=0.94. Based upon the above results, combined with the fact that the relaxed lattice constant a0 shows only a very weak dependence on x, we propose that the wide phase field in d-TaNx is due primarily to antisite substitutions of Ta on N (and N on Ta) sites, rather than to cation and anion vacancies. To first order, antisite substitutions in TaNx are isoelectronic and hence have little effect on charge carrier density. At sufficiently high N/Ta ratios, however, simple electron-counting arguments are no longer valid since large deviations from stoichiometry alter the character of the band structure itself. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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