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| 2. |
- Han, Mengjie, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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The reinforcement learning method for occupant behavior in building control : A review
- 2021
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Ingår i: Energy and Built Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-1233. ; 2:2, s. 137-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Occupant behavior in buildings has been considered the major source of uncertainty for assessing energy consumption and building performance. Modeling frameworks are usually built to accomplish a certain task, but the stochasticity of the occupant makes it difficult to apply that experience to a similar but distinct environment. For complex and dynamic environments, the development of smart devices and computing power makes intelligent control methods for occupant behaviors more viable. It is expected that they will make a substantial contribution to reducing global energy consumption. Among these control techniques, the reinforcement learning (RL) method seems distinctive and applicable. The success of the reinforcement learning method in many artificial intelligence applications has given an explicit indication of how this method might be used to model and adjust occupant behavior in building control. Fruitful algorithms complement each other and guarantee the quality of the optimization. However, the examination of occupant behavior based on reinforcement learning methodologies is not well established. The way that occupant interacts with the RL agent is still unclear. This study briefly reviews the empirical applications using reinforcement learning, how they have contributed to shaping the modeling paradigms and how they might suggest a future research direction.
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| 3. |
- Huang, Pei, et al.
(författare)
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A review of data centers as prosumers in district energy systems : Renewable energy integration and waste heat reuse for district heating
- 2020
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Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-2619 .- 1872-9118. ; 258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As large energy prosumers in district energy systems, on the one hand, data centers consume a large amount of electricity to ensure the Information Technologies (IT) facilities, ancillary power supply and cooling systems work properly; on the other hand, data centers produce a large quantity of waste heat due to the high heat dissipation rates of the IT facilities. To date, a systematic review of data centers from the perspective of energy prosumers, which considers both integration of the upstream green energy supply and downstream waste heat reuse, is still lacking. As a result, the potentials for improving data centers’ performances are limited due to a lack of global optimization of the upstream renewable energy integration and downstream waste heat utilization. This study is intended to fill in this gap and provides such a review. In this regard, the advancements in different cooling techniques, integration of renewable energy and advanced controls, waste heat utilization and connections for district heating, real projects, performance metrics and economic, energy and environmental analyses are reviewed. Based on the enormous amount of research on data centers in district energy systems, it has been found that: (1) global controls, which can manage the upstream renewable production, data centers’ operation and waste heat generation and downstream waste heat utilization are still lacking; (2) regional climate studies represent an effective way to find the optimal integration of renewable energy and waste heat recovery technologies for improving the data centers’ energy efficiency; (3) the development of global energy metrics will help to appropriately quantify the data center performances.
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| 4. |
- Huang, Pei, et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of the Peer-to-Peer energy trading performances in a local community under the future climate change scenario in Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Energy Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-4847. ; 8, s. 989-1001
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy sharing among neighboring households is a promising solution to mitigating the difficulties of renewable power (such as solar Photovoltaics (PV)) penetration on the power grid. Until now, there is still a lack of study on the impacts of future climate change on the P2P energy trading performances. The future climate change will cause variances in the renewable energy production and further lead to changes in the economic performances of households with various energy uses and affect the decision making in PV ownership and pricing strategies. Being unaware of these impacts could potentially hinder the P2P energy sharing application in practice. To bridge such knowledge gap, this paper conducts a systematic investigation of the climate change impacts on the energy sharing performance in solar PV power shared communities. The future weather data is generated using the Morphine method, and an agent-based modeling method is used for simulating the energy trading behaviors of households. Four comparative scenarios of different PV ownerships and pricing strategies are designed. The detailed energy trading performances (including the PV power self-sufficiency, cost saving, revenues, and compound annual growth rate) for the four comparative scenarios are analyzed under both the present and future climates and compared. The study results of a building community located in Sweden show that the future climate change is more beneficial to large energy use households while less beneficial to small households. High price of energy trading can improve the fairness of the economic performances in the community, especially when some of the households do not have any PV ownership. This study can help understand the future climate impacts on the energy sharing performances of building communities, which can in turn guide decision making in PV ownership and price setting for different households under the future climate change to facilitate real applications. © 2021 The Author(s)
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| 5. |
- Koke, Johannes, et al.
(författare)
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Strategies of Design Concepts and Energy Systems for NearlyZero‐Energy Container Buildings (NZECBs) inDifferent Climates
- 2021
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Ingår i: Buildings. - : MDPI AG. - 2075-5309. ; 11:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Container-based lightweight buildings offer a high ecologic and economic potential when they are designed as nearly zero-energy container buildings (NZECBs). Thus, they are relevant to energy transition in achieving an almost climate-neutral building stock. This paper describes and applies design strategies for suitable building concepts and energy systems to be used in NZECBs for different climates. Therefore, different applications in representative climatic zones were selected. Initially, the global climate zones were characterized and analyzed with regard to their potential for self-sufficiency and renewable energies in buildings. The design strategies were further developed and demonstrated for three cases: a single-family house in Sweden, a multi-family house in Germany, and a small school building in rural Ethiopia. For each case, design guidelines were derived and building concepts were developed. On the basis of these input data, various energy concepts were developed in which solar and wind energy, as well as biomass, were integrated as renewable energy sources. All the concepts were simulated and analyzed with the Polysun® software. The various approaches were compared and evaluated, particularly with regard to energy self-sufficiency. Self-sufficiency rates up to 80% were achieved. Finally, the influence of different climate zones on the energy efficiency of the single-family house was studied as well as the influence of the size of battery storage and insulation.
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| 6. |
- Lin, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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Human-Centric and Integrative Lighting Asset Management in Public Libraries : Insights and Innovations on Its Strategy and Sustainable Development
- 2024
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). - 2071-1050. ; 16:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an era of rapidly advancing lighting technology and evolving public library roles, this study introduces a groundbreaking strategy for human-centric and integrative lighting asset management. Embracing both visual and non-visual effects, “integrative lighting” aims to enhance users’ physiological and psychological well-being. Despite technological progress, notably with LEDs, current asset management often lags, relying on reactionary measures rather than proactive strategies. As public libraries transform into dynamic learning hubs, the significance of indoor lighting, impacting both physical health and holistic well-being, cannot be understated. Yet, many existing solutions are based on controlled lab tests, bypassing the diverse real-world needs of public libraries. Aiming to explore and develop human-centric and integrative lighting asset management strategies to optimize lighting environments in public libraries, this research offers a cohesive approach encompassing context identification, a management framework, and a maturity assessment model. Additionally, this study highlights the synergy between the role of the lighting asset manager, ISO 55000 principles, and these foundational strategies. This holistic approach not only reinvents lighting in public libraries but also aligns it with the broader Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), advocating for light as a conduit of comprehensive human betterment. The current study is primarily qualitative in nature. While this study is based on public libraries in Nordic countries, the implications and findings can be of interest and value to a broader international audience.
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| 7. |
- Lin, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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Human-Centric and Integrative Lighting Asset Management in Public Libraries : Qualitative Insights and Challenges From a Swedish Field Study
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - 2169-3536. ; 12, s. 40905-40921
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traditional reliability evaluation of lighting sources often assesses only 50% of a lamp’s volume, which can lead to performance disparities and misapplications due to their limited reflection of real-world scenarios. To address the limitations, it is essential to adopt advanced asset management approaches that enhance awareness and provide a more comprehensive evaluation framework. This paper delves into the nuances of human-centric and integrative lighting asset management in Swedish public libraries, employing a qualitative field study to ascertain the alignment of current practices with these advanced lighting principles. Expanding library services to 20 high-latitude locations (>55° N) in Sweden, our research employed field observations, stakeholder interviews, and questionnaires, coupled with a thorough gap analysis, to understand the current landscape and stakeholder perceptions. Our findings reveal a dichotomy between the existing conditions of library lighting and the stakeholders’ experiences and expectations. Despite the intention to create conducive environments, there is a clear disconnect, with overt problems and covert challenges affecting user satisfaction and efficacy of lighting management. Managers, staff, and users reported varied concerns, including eye strain and discomfort, indicative of substantial room for improvement. The study advocates for a paradigm shift in not only lighting asset management but also reliability evaluation of lighting sources, moving toward continuous improvement, and enhanced awareness and training on human-centric and integrative lighting principles.
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| 8. |
- Lin, Jing, et al.
(författare)
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Human-Centric and Integrative Lighting Asset Management in Public Libraries: Qualitative Insights and Challenges from a Swedish Field Study
- 2024
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Ingår i: IEEE Access. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 2169-3536. ; 12, s. 40905-40921
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traditional reliability evaluation of lighting sources often assesses only 50% of a lamp's volume, which can lead to performance disparities and misapplications due to their limited reflection of real-world scenarios. To address the limitations, it is essential to adopt advanced asset management approaches that enhance awareness and provide a more comprehensive evaluation framework. This paper delves into the nuances of human-centric and integrative lighting asset management in Swedish public libraries, employing a qualitative field study to ascertain the alignment of current practices with these advanced lighting principles. Expanding library services to 20 high-latitude locations (>55° N) in Sweden, our research employed field observations, stakeholder interviews, and questionnaires, coupled with a thorough gap analysis, to understand the current landscape and stakeholder perceptions. Our findings reveal a dichotomy between the existing conditions of library lighting and the stakeholders' experiences and expectations. Despite the intention to create conducive environments, there is a clear disconnect, with overt problems and covert challenges affecting user satisfaction and efficacy of lighting management. Managers, staff, and users reported varied concerns, including eye strain and discomfort, indicative of substantial room for improvement. The study advocates for a paradigm shift in not only lighting asset management but also reliability evaluation of lighting sources, moving toward continuous improvement, and enhanced awareness and training on human-centric and integrative lighting principles.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Shen, Jingchun, et al.
(författare)
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A Critical Review of Lighting Design and Asset Management Strategies. Illuminating Practices and Lessons Learned for Swedish Public Libraries
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics, Conference Series. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 2654:1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Most lighting is only designed to meet the visual needs in most public library environments in Sweden. Although lighting-related impacts are relevant to six Unite Nations sustainability goals, some important lighting considerations, such as circadian phase disruption, mode and productivity impact, and energy-efficient operation, are missing in current lighting operating practices. Moreover, most of the current lighting asset management practice in public buildings remains "fix it if only it breaks". With respect to people-centric health factors, visual index, and lighting asset energy-efficient operation, this study sublimates lighting into a new perspective. Finally, the suggested comprehensive lighting operating strategies integrating digital twins can help designers and operators in defining the optimal design/control strategy in public-built environments, like public library. Digital twin-based decision-making is expected to be applied to lighting design and control in public spaces that improves visual acuity and comfort, positively impact mood and productivity, and provides recommendations on engagement principles under Environment Social Governance (ESG) framework to asset manager/operators.
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