| 1. |
- Berntsson, Shala Ghaderi, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of DNA repair gene polymorphisms and survival in low-grade and anaplastic gliomas
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuro-Oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-594X .- 1573-7373. ; 105:3, s. 531-538
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to explore the variation in DNA repair genes in adults with WHO grade II and III gliomas and their relationship to patient survival. We analysed a total of 1,458 tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were selected to cover DNA repair genes, in 81 grade II and grade III gliomas samples, collected in Sweden and Denmark. The statistically significant genetic variants from the first dataset (P < 0.05) were taken forward for confirmation in a second dataset of 72 grade II and III gliomas from northern UK. In this dataset, eight gene variants mapping to five different DNA repair genes (ATM, NEIL1, NEIL2, ERCC6 and RPA4) which were associated with survival. Finally, these eight genetic variants were adjusted for treatment, malignancy grade, patient age and gender, leaving one variant, rs4253079, mapped to ERCC6, with a significant association to survival (OR 0.184, 95% CI 0.054-0.63, P = 0.007). We suggest a possible novel association between rs4253079 and survival in this group of patients with low-grade and anaplastic gliomas that needs confirmation in larger datasets.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Kusano, Miyako, et al.
(författare)
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Metabolite signature during short-day induced growth cessation in populus
- 2011
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Plant Science. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-462X. ; 2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The photoperiod is an important environmental signal for plants, and influences a wide range of physiological processes. For woody species in northern latitudes, cessation of growth is induced by short photoperiods. In many plant species, short photoperiods stop elongational growth after a few weeks. It is known that plant daylength detection is mediated by Phytochrome A (PHYA) in the woody hybrid aspen species. However, the mechanism of dormancy involving primary metabolism remains unclear. We studied changes in metabolite profiles in hybrid aspen leaves (young, middle, and mature leaves) during short-day-induced growth cessation, using a combination of gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and multivariate projection methods. Our results indicate that the metabolite profiles in mature source leaves rapidly change when the photoperiod changes. In contrast, the differences in young sink leaves grown under long and short-day conditions are less distinct. We found short daylength induced growth cessation in aspen was associated with rapid changes in the distribution and levels of diverse primary metabolites. In addition, we conducted metabolite profiling of leaves of PHYA overexpressor (PHYAOX) and those of the control to find the discriminative metabolites between PHYAOX and the control under the short-day conditions. The metabolite changes observed in PHYAOX leaves, together with those in the source leaves, identified possible candidates for the metabolite signature (e.g., 2-oxo-glutarate, spermidine, putrescine, 4-amino-butyrate, and tryptophan) during short-day-induced growth cessation in aspen leaves.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Nemanova, Vera, et al.
(författare)
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Biomass gasification in an atmospheric fluidised bed : Tar reduction with experimental iron-based granules from Höganäs AB, Sweden
- 2011
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Ingår i: Catalysis Today. - : Elsevier BV. - 0920-5861 .- 1873-4308. ; 176:1, s. 253-257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study investigates the effect of several experimental iron-based granules on biomass tar decomposition. The iron-based materials were provided by Höganäs AB and were all in their metallic state when they were applied in a secondary catalytic reactor. Bark-free birch was employed as fuel in an atmospheric fluidised bed reactor, and the tar concentration and gas composition in the producer gas were measured before and after the catalytic bed. The results demonstrate a clear tar reduction capacity for all the tested iron-based materials.
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| 6. |
- Nordgreen, Thomas
(författare)
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Iron-based materials as tar cracking catalyst in waste gasification
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The treatment of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Sweden has changed during the past decades due to national legislation and European Union directives. The former landfills have more or less been abandoned in favour of material recycling and waste incineration. On a yearly basis approximately 2.2 million tonnes waste are incinerated in Sweden with heat recovery and to some extent also with electricity generation, though at a low efficiency. It is desirable to alter this utilisation and instead employ MSW as fuel in a fluid bed gasification process. Then electrical energy may be produced at a much higher efficiency. However, MSW contain about 1 % chlorine in the form of ordinary table salt (NaCl) from food scraps. This implies that the tar cracking catalyst, dolomite, which is normally employed in gasification, will suffer from poisoning if applied under such conditions. Then the tar cracking capacity will be reduced or vanish completely with time. Consequently, an alternative catalyst, more resistant to chlorine, is needed. Preliminary research at KTH has indicated that iron in its metallic state may possess tar cracking ability. With this information at hand and participating in the project “Energy from Waste” an experimental campaign was launched. Numerous experiments were conducted using iron as tar cracking catalyst. First iron sinter pellets from LKAB were employed. They were reduced in situ with a stream of hydrogen before they were applied. Later iron-based granules from Höganäs AB were tested. These materials were delivered in the metallic state. In all tests the KTH atmospheric fluidised bed gasifier with a secondary catalytic reactor housing the catalytic material was deployed. Mostly, the applied fuel was birch. The results show that metallic iron possesses an intrinsic ability, almost in the range of dolomite, to crack tars. Calculations indicate that iron may be more resistant to chlorine than dolomite. The exploration of metallic iron’s excellent tar cracking capacity led to the innovative manufacture of an iron catalytic tar cracking filter as well as a general knowledge of its tar cracking capacity. This filter with dual functionality would be a general improvement of the gasification process since it among other things would make the process denser.
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| 7. |
- Nordgreen, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Iron-based materials as tar depletion catalysts in biomass gasification : Dependency on oxygen potential
- 2012
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Ingår i: Fuel. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-2361 .- 1873-7153. ; 95:1, s. 71-78
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A study has been performed using experimental iron based granules as a tar breakdown catalyst in a biomass gasification gas. Previous examinations established that metallic iron located in a separate catalytic bed reactor has a stronger influence on the tar content and composition in the product gas than their corresponding iron oxides. The results from the present study show that tar diminution in the product gas is dependent on temperature, catalyst material and oxygen potential. Typically, values of 50-75% tar reduction were achieved when varying the catalytic bed temperature between 750 and 850 degrees C. Also, the oxidation state of the catalyst material has an influence on the tar content and gas composition in the gas. When changing the gasification temperature from 800 degrees C to 850 degrees C the oxygen potential in the producer gas also changes, resulting in a transition from oxidative to reductive conditions in the gas. This implies that when the gasification temperature is 800 degrees C, the catalyst is transformed from its metallic state to the iron oxide, wustite. Consequently, the tar reduction capacity of the catalyst is reduced by approximately 20%. In view of the overall results it can be concluded that the catalysts in their metallic states in general exhibits a better tar cracking capacity than their corresponding oxides. The iron material used is sintered iron powders manufactured at Hoganas AB, Sweden. The iron materials were dispensed in the metallic state.
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| 8. |
- Persson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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2014 års Ekonomipris till Jean Tirole
- 2014
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Ingår i: Ekonomisk Debatt. - Stockholm : Nationalekonomiska föreningen. - 0345-2646. ; :8, s. 5-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Ramirez Lopez, Pavel Ernesto, et al.
(författare)
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Industrial application of a numerical model to simulate lubrication, mould oscillation, solidification and defect formation during continuous casting
- 2012
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Ingår i: IOP Conference Series: Materials Engineering and Engineering.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, the addition of the slag phase to numerical models of the Continuous Casting (CC) process has opened the door to a whole new range of predictions. These include the estimation of slag infiltration and powder consumption (lubrication), heat transfer and cooling through the cooper mould (solidification) and investigating the effect of operational parameters such as mould oscillation and powder composition on surface quality / defect formation. This work presents 2D and 3D CC models capable of describing the dynamic behaviour of the liquid/solid slag in both the shell mould-gap and bed as well as its effects on heat extraction and shell formation. The present paper also illustrates the application of the model to a variety of casters and the challenges faced during its implementation. The model attained good agreement on the prediction of mould temperatures and shell thicknesses as well as slag film formation and heat flux variations during the casting sequence. The effect of different oscillation strategies (sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal) was explored in order to enhance powder consumption and surface quality. Furthermore, the modelling approach allows one to predict the conditions leading to irregular shell growth and uneven lubrication; these are responsible for defects such as, stickers, cracking and, in the worst case scenario, to breakouts. Possible mechanisms for defect formation are presented together with strategies to enhance process stability and productivity of the CC machine.
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| 10. |
- Sjöström, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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EGFR expression and glioblastoma outcome
- 2012
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Ingår i: Neuro-Oncology. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 1522-8517 .- 1523-5866. ; 14:Suppl. 3, s. 19-19
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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