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- Thaung, Jörgen, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability of a standardized test in Swedish for evaluation of reading performance in healthy eyes. Interchart and test-retest analyses
- 2014
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Ingår i: Acta Ophthalmologica. - : Wiley. - 1755-375X. ; 92:6, s. 557-562
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of our study was to establish a practical and quick test for assessing reading performance and to statistically analyse interchart and test retest reliability of a new standardized Swedish reading chart system consisting of three charts constructed according to the principles available in the literature. Methods: Twenty-four subjects with healthy eyes, mean age 65 +/- 10 years, were tested binocularly and the reading performance evaluated as reading acuity, critical print size and maximum reading speed. The test charts all consist of 12 short text sentences with a print size ranging from 0.9 to 0.2 logNIAR in approximate steps of 0.1 logMAR. Two testing sessions, in two different groups (C1 and C2), were under strict control of luminance and lighting environment. Reading performance tests with chart Ti, '12 and T3 were used for evaluation of interchart reliability and test data from a second session 1 month or more apart for the test retest analysis. Results: The testing of reading performance in adult observers with short sentences of continuous text was quick and practical. The agreement between the tests obtained with the three different test charts was high both within the same test session and at retest. Conclusion: This new Swedish variant of a standardized reading system based on short sentences and logarithmic progression of print size provides reliable measurements of reading performance and preliminary norms in an age group around 65 years. The reading test with three independent reading charts can be useful for clinical studies of reading ability before and after treatment.
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| 3. |
- Popovic, Zoran, 1966, et al.
(författare)
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Noninvasive imaging of human foveal capillary network using dual-conjugate adaptive optics.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Investigative ophthalmology & visual science. - : Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO). - 1552-5783. ; 52:5, s. 2649-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To demonstrate noninvasive imaging of human foveal capillary networks with a high-resolution, wide-field, dual-conjugate adaptive optics (DCAO) imaging instrument. METHODS: The foveal capillary networks of five healthy subjects with no previous history of ocular or neurologic disease or surgery were imaged with a novel high-resolution, wide-field DCAO instrument. The foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in each image was defined using a manual procedure. An automated algorithm based on publicly available and custom-written software was used to identify vessels and extract morphologic FAZ and vessel parameters. Capillary densities were calculated in two annular regions of interest (ROIs) outside the FAZ (500 μm and 750 μm outer radius from the foveal center) and in the superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal quadrants within the two ROIs. RESULTS: Mean FAZ area was 0.302 ± 0.100 mm(2), and mean capillary density (length/area) in the inner ROI was 38.0 ± 4.0 mm(-1) and 36.4 ± 4.0 mm(-1) in the outer ROI. The difference in ROI capillary density was not significant. There was no significant difference in quadrant capillary density within the two ROIs or between quadrants irrespective of ROI. CONCLUSIONS: The authors have demonstrated a technique for noninvasive imaging and semiautomated detection and analysis of foveal capillaries. In comparison with other studies, their method yielded lower capillary densities than histology but similar results to the current clinical gold standard, fluorescein angiography. The increased field of view of the DCAO instrument opens up new possibilities for high-resolution noninvasive clinical imaging of foveal capillaries.
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| 5. |
- Sjöstrand, Johan, 1936, et al.
(författare)
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The decline in visual acuity in elderly people with healthy eyes or eyes with early age-related maculopathy in two Scandinavian population samples
- 2011
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Ingår i: ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA. - 1755-375X. ; 89:2, s. 116-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: This study aimed to analyse the decline in visual acuity (VA) during normal ageing in two Scandinavian population samples of subjects aged ≥ 70 years and to study the age-specific decline in VA in eyes with early age-related maculopathy (ARM). METHODS: We carried out a cross-sectional analysis of data pertaining to VA in the better eye in one population sample from Oulu (OU), Finland (aged 70-82 years) and a second population sample from Gothenburg (GG), Sweden (aged 82 or 88 years). The change in VA with age was evaluated in healthy eyes (OU, n = 119; GG, n = 40) and in eyes with early ARM (OU-ARM, n = 22; GG-ARM, n = 114) using linear regression or logistic regression. The results were compared with those of previous reports. RESULTS: Our population samples showed a significant decrease with age in VA in healthy eyes in subjects aged ≥ 44 years using both statistical models. Comparisons with previous reports demonstrated a homogeneity in the decline in VA with age. On average, 0.3 logMAR are lost from middle age up to 88 years, presumably as a result of physiological ageing. In early ARM, the rate of age-specific decline in VA more than doubled and the prevalence of VA < 0.5 markedly increased. CONCLUSIONS: Visual acuity in healthy eyes declines with age from middle age onwards. The decrease in VA possibly accelerates in subjects aged > 70 years, although no significant evidence for this was found. An age-specific decline in VA is shown in eyes with early ARM. These results are important for the evaluation of age-specific treatment results.
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