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- Björkman, Leif, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term history of land-use and vegetation at Ire, an agriculturally marginal area in Blekinge, south Sweden
- 2003
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Ingår i: Vegetation History and Archaeobotany. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0939-6314 .- 1617-6278. ; 12:1, s. 61-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pollen records from a small lake and a small peatland at Ire in northern Blekinge, Sweden, reveal that until A.D. 300 there was a mixed deciduous type of woodland dominated by Quercus, Tilia and Corylus, with Betula, Pinus, Populus, Fraxinus, Ulmus and Acer as important constituents. The first, but weak, signs of human influence on the vegetation are detected around 2300 B.C. At this time, the area was probably used for woodland grazing. The regional expansion of Fagus occurred around 100 B.C.-A.D. 200, and later, at about A.D. 500, woods dominated by Fagus were common in the area. Around A.D. 600-700 an isolated farmstead may have been established in the area, as single pollen grains of Secale (rye) were found. This farmstead may represent the first permanent settlement in the area. A more widespread opening of the vegetation occurred around A.D. 1000, probably as an effect of a more pronounced use of the area, and an expansion of settlements in the region. The openness of the area seems to have peaked around A.D. 1400-1800, and during this period the vegetation was highly fragmented with small stands of woodland, intensively grazed pastures, and arable fields where Secale and Triticum were mainly cultivated. Around A.D. 1600 Fagus pollen percentages sharply decrease, most probably caused by a deliberate and selective felling of beech trees for the production of potash, which consumed enormous amounts of wood. Picea seems to have been established around A.D. 1600, but it did not become a regional dominant until the first part of the 20th century, when land use decreased and it became favoured by forestry.
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- Feng, Q., et al.
(författare)
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Measuring fracture orientation at exposed rock faces by using a non-reflector total station
- 2001
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Ingår i: Engineering Geology. - 0013-7952 .- 1872-6917. ; 59:1-2, s. 133-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measurements of fracture orientation are usually taken by using a compass-inclinometer device on exposed rock faces. The drawbacks when using this method is that it is time-consuming if many fractures are measured and that measurement might be impossible if the rock face cannot be safely reached physically. To improve field mapping of rock fractures, a method for applying a non-reflector total station to measuring fracture orientation is presented in this paper. A non-reflector total station is a geodetic device that captures three-dimensional co-ordinates of target points without using a reflector. Therefore, physical touching the rock surfaces is no longer required. To determine a fracture orientation, co-ordinates of a set of points on the exposed fracture surface are captured at a distance from the rock face. The best-fit plane of the exposed fracture surface is defined by the co-ordinates of the target points, and the orientation (e.g. dip angle and dip direction) of the fracture surface is determined as that of its best-fit plane. This paper presents the technical procedure and a portable system designed for the field mapping of fracture orientation. Results of a case study performed at an exposed rock face are also included.
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- Olsson, A, et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of alpha- and beta-secretase cleaved amyloid precursor protein in cerebrospinal fluid from Alzheimer patients
- 2003
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Ingår i: Experimental Neurology. - 0014-4886. ; 183, s. 74-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the major histopathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is redundant senile plaques mainly composed of beta-amyloid (Abeta) aggregates. Alternative cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), occurring in both normal and AD subjects, results in the generation and secretion of soluble APP (sAPP) and Abeta. We examined the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for alpha- and beta-secretase cleaved sAPP (alpha-sAPP and beta-sAPP) in 81 sporadic AD patients, 19 patients with mild cognitive impairment, and 42 healthy controls by using newly developed sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods. We found that neither the level of CSF-alpha-sAPP nor CSF-beta-sAPP differed between sporadic AD patients and healthy controls. These findings further support the conclusion that there is no change in APP expression in sporadic AD. However, the level of CSF-beta-sAPP was significantly increased in patients with mild cognitive impairment compared to controls. We also investigated the relationship between the CSF level of alphabeta-sAPP and Abeta(42) and the apoE epsilon4 (apoFA.) allele. Significantly lower levels of CSF-alpha-sAPP were found in AD patients possessing one or two apoE4 alleles than in those not possessing the apoE4 allele. Neither the levels of CSF-beta-sAPP nor CSF-Abeta(42) differed when comparing ApoE4 allele-positive with allele-negative individuals. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.
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- Sjogren, B, et al.
(författare)
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Ischemic heart disease in female cleaners
- 2003
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Ingår i: International journal of occupational and environmental health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1077-3525 .- 2049-3967. ; 9:2, s. 134-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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