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- Skärby, Lena
(författare)
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Coumestrol- and 4',7-Dihydroxyflavone Content in four Alfalfa Cultivars after Ozone Exposure
- 1978
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Fertility in live-stock is sometimes known to be disturbed by the plant estrogen coumesterol, an isofalvonoid, which can accumulate in plant foliage due to biotic stresses. Leaves of soybeean have been reported to produce coumestrol after ozone exposure, an abiotic stress. Seven-week alfalafa plants of four differen cultivars were exposed to 773 ug/m3 (0.40 ppm) ozone for three hours to investigate whether coumestrol is also produced in other legumes after ozone exposure. 48 h after exposure, the most severely injured leaves have harvested for analysis. Leaves were extracted in methanol and samples were subjected to thin layer chromatography with subsequent fluorometer readings. Coumestrol was never detected in any crude extract of control or experimental sampels. However, all crude extracts from plants expsoed to ozone contained high amount of the favonoid compound, 4',7-Dihydroxyflavone. This compound was not detected in any crude extracts from the control plants
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- Skärby, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Elevated Ozone Levels at the Swedish West Coast and in Southern Sweden (Skåne), using Tobacco as an Indicator Plant
- 1979
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the summer of 1977, an investigation was carried out to determine occurence of ozone in south-western Sweden, using tobacco plants as ozone-sensitive indicators. Through studying the frequency and intensity of injuries on tobacco at nine localities along the west coast and three localities in the south, an idea was also obtained of potential injury of ozone on natural vegetation, agronomic crops and forest trees. Three varietes of tobacco of differet sensitivity were used, Bel W3, BEl C and Bel B. throughout the investigation period, continous measurements of atmospheric ozone concentration were carried out at a background station on the west coast. Results; 1) Tobacco varieties Bel W3 and Bel C showed injury at all localities. 2) The daily mean value of ozone ranged fron 21 to 77 ppb and the maximum 1-hour mean value ranged from 34 to 102 ppb. 3) No correlation between ozone concentration in the air and degree of inury on tobacco plants was found, but the cause of the injuries was defintitely ozone. 4) Some injury was observed on the ozone-tolerant variety Bel B. This may have been a synergistic effect of sulphur dioxide and ozone. 5) Long-range transported pollutants probably caused the main part of the ozone injuries observed, but there are strong indications that some of them were caused by locally formed ozone. 6) The intensity, frequency and distribution of injury on the tobacco plants indicate that ozone is likely to cause damage also to natural vegetation as well as agronomic crops and forest trees in Sweden
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- Skärby, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Ozone Effects on Vegetation in Europe. Report from the Workshop held on the 18-20 April 1979 at The Swedish Water and Air Pollution Research Insitute, Gothenburg, Sweden
- 1979
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A meeting of scientists from different European Countries was held at IVL to discuss the problems concering effects fo ozone on vegetation. Primarly the workshop was intended to review the present state of biological research related to ozone in Europe. It was aslo aimed at enchancing cross-national and inter-disciplinary (chemist-biologists) contacts between researchers in the field and to open up possibilities of co-ordinating research and monitoring programmes. After the presentation of papers and working group discussion the meeting conclued that greater European co-operation in this field was necessary and agreed to begin with a standardisation of methods used for the cultivation of tobacco as indicator plants, in parallel with current atmospheric chemical monitoring programme. As ozone levels can be expected to rise considerably in the near future, intensified reserach and field observation of effects of ozone on cultivated and natural vegetation is imperative
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