| 1. |
- Amano, Taiju, et al.
(författare)
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Sum rule for the partial decay rates of bottom hadrons based on the dynamical supersymmetry of the (s)over-bar quark and the ud diquark
- 2022
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - : American Physical Society. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 105:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the weak decays of (B) over bar (0)(s) and Lambda(b) to charm hadrons based on the dynamical supersymmetry between the (s) over bar quark and the ud diquark. We derive a new sum rule relating the decay rates of the processes (B) over bar (0)(s) -> Ds+P-, (B) over bar (0)(s) -> Ds*+P-, and Lambda(b) -> Lambda P-c(-) where P- is a negatively charged meson, such as pi(-) and K-. It is found that the observed decay rates satisfy the sum rule very well. This implies that the supersymmetry between the (s) over bar quark and the ud diquark is also seen in the wave functions of the heavy hadrons and suggests that the ud diquark can be regarded as a valid effective constituent for heavy hadrons.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Fazel, S, et al.
(författare)
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Risk factors for interpersonal violence: an umbrella review of meta-analyses
- 2018
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Ingår i: The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science. - : Royal College of Psychiatrists. - 1472-1465. ; 213:4, s. 609-614
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interpersonal violence is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The strength and population effect of modifiable risk factors for interpersonal violence, and the quality of the research evidence is not known.AimsWe aimed to examine the strength and population effect of modifiable risk factors for interpersonal violence, and the quality and reproducibility of the research evidence.MethodWe conducted an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of risk factors for interpersonal violence. A systematic search was conducted to identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses in general population samples. Effect sizes were extracted, converted into odds ratios and synthesised, and population attributable risk fractions (PAF) were calculated. Quality analyses were performed, including of small study effects, adjustment for confounders and heterogeneity. Secondary analyses for aggression, intimate partner violence and homicide were conducted, and systematic reviews (without meta-analyses) were summarised.ResultsWe identified 22 meta-analyses reporting on risk factors for interpersonal violence. Neuropsychiatric disorders were among the strongest in relative and absolute terms. The neuropsychiatric risk factor that had the largest effect at a population level were substance use disorders, with a PAF of 14.8% (95% CI 9.0–21.6%), and the most important historical factor was witnessing or being a victim of violence in childhood (PAF = 12.2%, 95% CI 6.5–17.4%). There was evidence of small study effects and large heterogeneity.ConclusionsNational strategies for the prevention of interpersonal violence may need to review policies concerning the identification and treatment of modifiable risk factors.Declarations of interestJ.R.G. is an NIHR Senior Investigator. The views expressed within this article are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Nourozi, Behrouz, et al.
(författare)
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Maximizing thermal performance of building ventilation using geothermal and wastewater heat
- 2019
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Ingår i: Resources, Conservation and Recycling. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0921-3449 .- 1879-0658. ; 143, s. 90-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An efficient use of waste heat recovery and geothermal heat can play an important role in lowering the overall energy use of buildings. This study evaluated the potential of geothermal energy and heat recovery from residential wastewater to reduce the energy need of building-ventilation in cold climates. The performance of the mechanical ventilation with heat recovery (MVHR) system in a multi-family building located in central Sweden was studied. The focus of the investigation was on reduction of frosting in the air handling unit during the coldest months. Three configurations of one air preheating system fed by two renewable heat sources, wastewater and geothermal energy, were studied. It was found that compared to building without an air preheating system, the suggested air preheating systems reduced the defrosting time to 25%. By controlling and maintaining the preheated air temperature to slightly above the defrosting start, air heat recovery efficiency of MVHR above 80% was achieved for 90% of the studied time during heating season when frosting occurs. The energy need for the circulation pumps in the suggested air preheating systems was 5% of the recovered thermal energy from wastewater. The simulation results suggested that the air preheating system using wastewater heat recovery with a temperature-stratified storage tank was the most efficient one among the studied systems.
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| 6. |
- Razado-Colambo, Ivy, et al.
(författare)
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Electronic structure of H/Ge(111)1x1 studied by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The electronic structure of H/Ge(111)1x1 was investigated using angleresolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES). Spectra were measured along the high symmetry lines of the 1x1 surface Brillouin zone (SBZ). In the Γ − Κ −M direction, two surface states, labelled a and a’, were found in the lower and upper band gap pockets. The a and a’ surface states are associated with the Ge-H bonds and the Ge- Ge backbonds, respectively. In the Γ − Μ direction, only the Ge-H surface state, a, can be identified. It is found in the band gap pocket around the Μ -point. The two hydrogen induced surface states on H/Ge(111)1x1 show strong similarities with the corresponding surface states on H/Si(111)1x1. Results from H/Ge(111)1x1 and H/Si(111)1x1 are compared in the paper.
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| 7. |
- Saul, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Towards feedback personalisation in adaptive assessment
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Personalised support for learners becomes even more important, when learning takes place in open and dynamic learning and information network environments. It is believed that personalisation in education raises the motivation and interests of the learners, which are critical success factors in the learning as well as in the assessment process. Feedback plays a central role in the assessment process, because it provides information about the current areas of strength and weakness of the learners. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of feedback personalisation in five established adaptive assessment systems (SIETTE, COMPASS, PASS, CosyQTI and iAdaptTest). The results show that these systems are far from being able to adapt the feedback to the learners' individual context, prior knowledge and preferences, because personalisation is still insufficiently implemented or even not addressed. The findings of the analysis are meant as a starting point for future work aiming at implementing a new adaptive assessment system providing personalised feedback. Moreover, the proposed 3-dimensional feedback classification helps identifying and addressing the potential of personalisation that feedback actually has.
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| 8. |
- Stephan, Ute, et al.
(författare)
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Agility or Wait-and-See? : How the Covid-19 Crisis Impacts Entrepreneurs’ Well-being across Countries
- 2021
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Ingår i: Academy of management annual meeting proceedings. - Briarcliff Manor, NY, USA : Academy of Management.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We study how entrepreneurs and their well-being are impacted by crises and which entrepreneurs are able to safeguard their well-being. We examine the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in a multilevel study of 3,149 entrepreneurs from 20 countries and draw attention to entrepreneur agility (flexible and adaptive action) both as a crisis response strategy and as a possible way for entrepreneurs to protect their well-being. We find that agile entrepreneurs, especially those that recognized new opportunities for their business in the pandemic, had better well-being during the pandemic (life satisfaction and vitality). Our findings offer further insights into agility as a response to adversity and whether it is enabled by cultural contexts supporting agility and entrepreneurs? human capital.
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| 9. |
- Wang, L, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of Bi on morphology and optical properties of InAs QDs
- 2017
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Ingår i: Optical Materials Express. - 2159-3930. ; 7:12, s. 4249-4257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We study the tsurface morphology and photoluminescence (PL) property of InAs quantum dots (QDs) on GaAs using bismuth (Bi) in the layer prior to or after the growth of QDs. Incorporating Bi in the layer prior to the QD deposition delays the onset of InAs QD formation resulting in a decrease in QD height and density. As a surfactant, adding Bi in the GaAs capping layer at a high growth temperature reduces the In surface diffusion length leading to uniform and well preserved InAs QDs in terms of height and density. The incorporation of 3% Bi at a low growth temperature, which forms a GaAsBi capping layer, can effectively lower the PL transition energy up to 163 meV and reduce the PL linewidth, leading to an emission wavelength of 1.365 ?m at 77 K.
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