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- Mircheff, Austin K., et al.
(author)
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Autoimmunity of the lacrimal gland
- 1994
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In: International ophthalmology clinics. - 0020-8167 .- 1536-9617. ; 34:1, s. 1-18
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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- Wood, Sidney A J, et al.
(author)
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A radiographic analysis of constriction locations for vowels
- 1991
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In: Papers in speech communication. Speech production (Reprinted from Journal of Phonetics 7, 1979, p.25-43). - 0883189585 ; 7
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Vocal tract area functions estimated from 38 sets of X-rayed vowel articulations collected from the literature and from new X-ray motion films of English and Arabic speech reveal four constriction locations: along the hard palate, along the soft palate, in the upper pharynx and in the lower larynx. Each location is appropriate for a definable class of vowel qualities, confirming the quantal nature of at least this aspect of vowel articulation. The acoustical, physiological and phonological implications are discussed. In a given phonotactic environment the precision of the constricting tongue manoeuvre was good. The only truly language specific difference was a preference for either the midpalatal or prepalatal location for palatal constrictions. The tongue muscles are found to be admirably situated for creating constrictions at the four locations.
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