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- Lilja, Josefine, et al.
(författare)
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Observing as an Essential Facet of Mindfulness : A Comparison of FFMQ Patterns in Meditating and Non-Meditating Individuals
- 2013
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Ingår i: Mindfulness. - : Springer. - 1868-8527 .- 1868-8535. ; 4:3, s. 203-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- One of the most comprehensive measures of mindfulness is the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) with five factors-Observing, Describing, Acting with awareness, Non-judging, and Non-reactivity. Hierarchical confirmatory factor analyses, however, have suggested that only four of the FFMQ factors (i.e. all except Observing) were components of "an overall mindfulness construct"-which is puzzling because Observing represents a core aspect of all definitions of mindfulness. The purpose of the present study was to approach this problem by a person-oriented approach, focusing on patterns on the FFMQ scales, rather than linear associations between them. Data on the FFMQ were collected on 817 individuals. Cluster analysis according to the LICUR procedure was used to group these participants in 13 clusters, according to their profiles of scores on the five FFMQ scales. Of the participants, 325 were categorized as meditators and 317 as non-meditators. To test hypotheses about the relation between Observing and mindfulness (which we assumed should be higher among meditators), the meditators/non-meditators categorization was cross-tabulated with the FFMQ clusters. The results showed that all clusters in which meditators were over-represented had high scores on Observing, and all clusters in which meditators were under-represented had low scores on Observing-which supports the hypothesis that mindfulness is related to high levels of Observing. The relationship between Observing and Non-judging, however, was found to be more complex than expected. The results are discussed in terms of mindfulness seen as a multidimensional skill, which may develop differently in various subgroups of individuals.
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| 4. |
- Agerström, Jens, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of temporal distance on justice and care morality
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 1467-9450 .- 0036-5564. ; 51, s. 46-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The primary goal of this study was to examine whether changes in the temporal distance of a moral dilemma affect how it is perceived and subsequently resolved. Based on Construal Level Theory (Trope & Liberman, 2003), it was predicted that the relative weight of abstract justice features should increase and the relative weight of concrete care features should decrease with temporal distance. The results showed that females became increasingly justice-oriented with greater temporal distance. However, this was not the case for males who were unaffected by temporal distance. This interaction was conceptually replicated in a follow-up experiment in which abstraction was manipulated directly by a mindset manipulation. The present results suggest that temporal distance is a contextual factor that can alter the extent to which moral judgments and reasoning are based on justice and care, although this effect seems to be moderated by gender.
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| 5. |
- Sarwar, Farhan, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of communication with non-witnesses on eyewitnesses' recall correctness and meta-cognitive realism
- 2011
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Ingår i: Applied Cognitive Psychology. - Chichester : John Wiley & Sons. - 0888-4080 .- 1099-0720. ; 25:5, s. 782-791
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In forensic contexts it is common that witnesses retell and discuss the experienced event many times. It is of forensic importance to understand how this influences memory and meta-memory. Eighty-nine participants viewed a short film and were assigned to one of four conditions: (1) Laboratory discussion (five discussions of the event with a confederate), (2) Family discussion (five discussions of the event with a family member), (3) Retell (five retellings of the event) and (4) Control. Three weeks later participants gave an open free recall, and then 3 days later confidence judged the recalled information. The results showed significant differences between the four conditions on number of correct items, incorrect items, accuracy, confidence and calibration. The results suggest that discussion of an experienced event may reduce some of the beneficial memory and meta-memory effects caused by mere retelling, but may have no great negative effects compared to a control condition.
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| 7. |
- Jarebrant, Caroline, et al.
(författare)
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Development of a tool for integrating Value Stream Mapping and ergonomics in healthcare - A Nordic Multicenter study.
- 2014
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Ingår i: The 7th Nordic Working Life Conference. Book of Abstracts and Programme. - 9789198119558 ; , s. 123-124
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Aim: To present the most recent draft Nordic version of the ErgoVSM tool for healthcare and some contextual factors influencing the intended impact of the tool. Material and Methods: The ErgoVSM tool is tested at 7 wards on 4 different hospitals in Denmark, Iceland and Sweden. The tests include assessment of tool usability and main factors facilitating or inhibiting the intended impact of the tool. On the basis of these trials a final version of the ErgoVSM is developed. The ErgoVSM tool: According to common VSM procedure the Current State is mapped (visualized) followed by a similar procedure regarding a wanted Future State. The Ergo-module includes assessments of physical exposures (posture, forces, variation, porosity) and psychosocial exposures (demands, control, variation, communication, porosity). It focuses task as well as values stream level. The exposures are assessed by ratings scales with verbally defined end points. The analysis includes discussion of solutions and establishment of an Action Plan needed to realize the wanted Future State. Main contextual factors influencing the intended impact of the tool seem to be previous Lean experience, management style, volume of competing projects and type of value stream analysed.
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| 8. |
- Gustafsson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Hope and athlete burnout : Stress and affect as mediators
- 2013
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Ingår i: Psychology of Sport And Exercise. - : Elsevier. - 1469-0292 .- 1878-5476. ; 14:5, s. 640-649
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveIn this study we examined the relationship between trait hope and burnout in elite junior soccer players and whether stress and positive and negative affect mediated this relationship.MethodsParticipants were 238 Swedish soccer players (166 males, 71 females; one did not indicate gender) aged 15–19 years who completed questionnaires measuring trait hope, perceived stress, positive and negative affect, and athlete burnout (i.e., emotional/physical exhaustion, a reduced sense of accomplishment, and sport devaluation).ResultsBivariate correlations were consistent with hope theory contentions indicating significant negative relationships between hope and all three burnout dimensions. The relationship between hope and emotional/physical exhaustion was fully mediated by stress and positive affect. For sport devaluation and reduced sense of accomplishment, stress and positive affect partially mediated the relationship with hope. In contrast, negative affect did not mediate the relationship between hope and any of the burnout dimensions.ConclusionThe results support earlier findings that hope is negatively related to athlete burnout. Support was also found for the hypothesis that high hope individuals would experience less stress and therefore less burnout. Promoting hope may be relevant in reducing the likelihood of this detrimental syndrome.
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| 9. |
- Svensson, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Vocal emotional expressions : Proxies for decision making in emergency calls?
- 2012
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Ingår i: <em>Individual Sources, Dynamics, and Expressions of Emotion (Research on Emotion in Organizations</em>. - Helsinki : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. ; , s. 227-248
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter focuses on whether perceived emotional intensity and help need is possible to discriminate in expressions of fear and neutrality in brief authentic emergency calls. Extraction of acoustic parameters of fear and neutrality was done prior to letting participants listen to a low-pass-filtered stimuli set. Participants discriminated fear and neutrality in both the intensity and help need condition. In turn, judged intensity and judged help need correlated strongly, with partial correlations indicating that participants use acoustically measured intensity (mean dB) as information to infer the intensity/help need relationship. We also discuss the implications of emotional expression in the call centre domain.
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