| 11. |
- Bosch, Jan, 1967, et al.
(författare)
-
Trends in Systems and Software Variability
- 2015
-
Ingår i: IEEE Software. - 1937-4194 .- 0740-7459. ; 32:3, s. 44-51
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2015 IEEE. This article presents the state of the art and practice in system and software variability. It describes the trends driving the increasing importance of variability management, proposes a research agenda, and provides an overview of the articles in this special issue. The Web extra at http://youtu.be/80DAUGahNAY is an audio recording of Davide Falessi speaking with Guest Editors Rafael Capilla and Rich Hilliard about the state of the art and practice in system and software variability.
|
|
| 12. |
- Fisher, Matthew C., et al.
(författare)
-
Development and worldwide use of non-lethal, and minimal population-level impact, protocols for the isolation of amphibian chytrid fungi
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2045-2322. ; 8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Parasitic chytrid fungi have emerged as a significant threat to amphibian species worldwide, necessitating the development of techniques to isolate these pathogens into culture for research purposes. However, early methods of isolating chytrids from their hosts relied on killing amphibians. We modified a pre-existing protocol for isolating chytrids from infected animals to use toe clips and biopsies from toe webbing rather than euthanizing hosts, and distributed the protocol to researchers as part of the BiodivERsA project RACE; here called the RML protocol. In tandem, we developed a lethal procedure for isolating chytrids from tadpole mouthparts. Reviewing a database of use a decade after their inception, we find that these methods have been applied across 5 continents, 23 countries and in 62 amphibian species. Isolation of chytrids by the non-lethal RML protocol occured in 18% of attempts with 207 fungal isolates and three species of chytrid being recovered. Isolation of chytrids from tadpoles occured in 43% of attempts with 334 fungal isolates of one species (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) being recovered. Together, these methods have resulted in a significant reduction and refinement of our use of threatened amphibian species and have improved our ability to work with this group of emerging pathogens.
|
|
| 13. |
- Gossec, L., et al.
(författare)
-
European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) recommendations for the management of psoriatic arthritis with pharmacological therapies : 2015 update
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - London : BMJ Books. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 75:3, s. 499-510
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Since the publication of the European League Against Rheumatism recommendations for the pharmacological treatment of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in 2012, new evidence and new therapeutic agents have emerged. The objective was to update these recommendations.METHODS: A systematic literature review was performed regarding pharmacological treatment in PsA. Subsequently, recommendations were formulated based on the evidence and the expert opinion of the 34 Task Force members. Levels of evidence and strengths of recommendations were allocated.RESULTS: The updated recommendations comprise 5 overarching principles and 10 recommendations, covering pharmacological therapies for PsA from non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), to conventional synthetic (csDMARD) and biological (bDMARD) disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, whatever their mode of action, taking articular and extra-articular manifestations of PsA into account, but focusing on musculoskeletal involvement. The overarching principles address the need for shared decision-making and treatment objectives. The recommendations address csDMARDs as an initial therapy after failure of NSAIDs and local therapy for active disease, followed, if necessary, by a bDMARD or a targeted synthetic DMARD (tsDMARD). The first bDMARD would usually be a tumour necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitor. bDMARDs targeting interleukin (IL)12/23 (ustekinumab) or IL-17 pathways (secukinumab) may be used in patients for whom TNF inhibitors are inappropriate and a tsDMARD such as a phosphodiesterase 4-inhibitor (apremilast) if bDMARDs are inappropriate. If the first bDMARD strategy fails, any other bDMARD or tsDMARD may be used.CONCLUSIONS: These recommendations provide stakeholders with an updated consensus on the pharmacological treatment of PsA and strategies to reach optimal outcomes in PsA, based on a combination of evidence and expert opinion. © 2015 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & European League Against Rheumatism.
|
|
| 14. |
- Nicolas, Aude, et al.
(författare)
-
Genome-wide Analyses Identify KIF5A as a Novel ALS Gene
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Neuron. - : Cell Press. - 0896-6273 .- 1097-4199. ; 97:6, s. 1268-1283.e6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To identify novel genes associated with ALS, we undertook two lines of investigation. We carried out a genome-wide association study comparing 20,806 ALS cases and 59,804 controls. Independently, we performed a rare variant burden analysis comparing 1,138 index familial ALS cases and 19,494 controls. Through both approaches, we identified kinesin family member 5A (KIF5A) as a novel gene associated with ALS. Interestingly, mutations predominantly in the N-terminal motor domain of KIF5A are causative for two neurodegenerative diseases: hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG10) and Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2 (CMT2). In contrast, ALS-associated mutations are primarily located at the C-terminal cargo-binding tail domain and patients harboring loss-of-function mutations displayed an extended survival relative to typical ALS cases. Taken together, these results broaden the phenotype spectrum resulting from mutations in KIF5A and strengthen the role of cytoskeletal defects in the pathogenesis of ALS.
|
|
| 15. |
- O'Hanlon, Simon J., et al.
(författare)
-
Recent Asian origin of chytrid fungi causing global amphibian declines
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 360:6389, s. 621-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Globalized infectious diseases are causing species declines worldwide, but their source often remains elusive. We used whole-genome sequencing to solve the spatiotemporal origins of themost devastating panzootic to date, caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, a proximate driver of global amphibian declines. We traced the source of B. dendrobatidis to the Korean peninsula, where one lineage, BdASIA-1, exhibits the genetic hallmarks of an ancestral population that seeded the panzootic. We date the emergence of this pathogen to the early 20th century, coinciding with the global expansion of commercial trade in amphibians, and we show that intercontinental transmission is ongoing. Our findings point to East Asia as a geographic hotspot for B. dendrobatidis biodiversity and the original source of these lineages that now parasitize amphibians worldwide.
|
|
| 16. |
- Salavert, J, et al.
(författare)
-
Functional Imaging Changes in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Adult ADHD
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Journal of attention disorders. - : SAGE Publications. - 1557-1246 .- 1087-0547. ; 22:7, s. 679-693
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Functional imaging studies have found reduced frontal activity, mainly in dorso/ventro-lateral regions and reduced task-related de-activation of the default mode network in childhood ADHD. Adult studies are fewer and inconclusive. We aimed to investigate the potential neural bases of executive function in ADHD adults, examining brain activity during N-back task performance, and to explore the potential corrective effects of long-term methylphenidate treatment. Method: We recruited a large adult ADHD-combined sample and a matched control group and obtained functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) images during task. ADHD participants were subdivided in a group under long-term treatment with methylphenidate (washed out for the scan) and a treatment-naive group. Results: ADHD participants showed deficient de-activation of the medial prefrontal cortex during 2-back task, implying default mode network dysfunction. We found no relationship between blunted de-activation and treatment history. Conclusion: As de-activation failure in the medial frontal cortex is linked to lapses of attention, findings suggest a potential link to ADHD symptomatology.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Thorson, R. A., et al.
(författare)
-
Intramolecular Halogen Bonding in Solution: N-15, C-13, and F-19 NMR Studies of Temperature and Solvent Effects
- 2015
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Organic Chemistry. - : Wiley. - 1434-193X. ; :8, s. 1685-1695
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A model system for the investigation of intramolecular halogen bonds is introduced. Two molecules capable of intramolecular halogen bonding have been studied in comparison with eight control compounds by N-15, C-13, and F-19 NMR spectroscopy. Iodine- and bromine-centered halogen bonds are indicated by decreases in the N-15 NMR chemical shifts of the halogen bond acceptor atom of approximately 6 and 1 ppm, respectively. C-13 NMR chemical shifts of the alkynyl carbons in 2-ethynylpyridine systems are good indicators of halogen bonding, with differences of up to 2.4 ppm between halogen-bonded and related control compounds. Halogen bond strengths in different solvents, as indicated by F-19 NMR chemical shifts, decrease in the following order: Cyclohexane > toluene > benzene > dichloromethane > acetone > pyridine. Chemical shift effects associated with the structural and electronic properties of intramolecular halogen-bonded systems are modeled well by calculations at the B3LYP/6-311+G(2d,p) level of theory.
|
|
| 19. |
- Annelies, Nonneman, et al.
(författare)
-
Astrocyte-derived Jagged-1 mitigates deleterious Notch signaling in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Neurobiology of Disease. - : Academic Press. - 0969-9961 .- 1095-953X. ; 119, s. 26-40
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a late-onset devastating degenerative disease mainly affecting motor neurons. Motor neuron degeneration is accompanied and aggravated by oligodendroglial pathology and the presence of reactive astrocytes and microglia. We studied the role of the Notch signaling pathway in ALS, as it is implicated in several processes that may contribute to this disease, including axonal retraction, microgliosis, astrocytosis, oligodendrocyte precursor cell proliferation and differentiation, and cell death. We observed abnormal activation of the Notch signaling pathway in the spinal cord of SOD1(G93A) mice, a well-established model for ALS, as well as in the spinal cord of patients with sporadic ALS (sALS). This increased activation was particularly evident in reactive GFAP-positive astrocytes. In addition, one of the main Notch ligands, Jagged-1, was ectopically expressed in reactive astrocytes in spinal cord from ALS mice and patients, but absent in resting astrocytes. Astrocyte-specific inactivation of Jagged-1 in presymptomatic SOD1(G93A) mice further exacerbated the activation of the Notch signaling pathway and aggravated the course of the disease in these animals without affecting disease onset. These data suggest that aberrant Notch signaling activation contributes to the pathogenesis of ALS, both in sALS patients and SOD1(G93A) mice, and that it is mitigated in part by the upregulation of astrocytic Jagged-1.
|
|
| 20. |
- Bernard, Olivier, et al.
(författare)
-
Standardized evaluation system for left ventricular segmentation algorithms in 3D echocardiography.
- 2016
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0278-0062 .- 1558-254X. ; 35:4, s. 967-977
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Real-time 3D Echocardiography (RT3DE) has been proven to be an accurate tool for left ventricular (LV) volume assessment. However, identification of the LV endocardium remains a challenging task, mainly because of the low tissue/blood contrast of the images combined with typical artifacts. Several semi and fully automatic algorithms have been proposed for segmenting the endocardium in RT3DE data in order to extract relevant clinical indices, but a systematic and fair comparison between such methods has so far been impossible due to the lack of a publicly available common database. Here, we introduce a standardized evaluation framework to reliably evaluate and compare the performance of the algorithms developed to segment the LV border in RT3DE. A database consisting of 45 multivendor cardiac ultrasound recordings acquired at different centers with corresponding reference measurements from 3 experts are made available. The algorithms from nine research groups were quantitatively evaluated and compared using the proposed online platform. The results showed that the best methods produce promising results with respect to the experts' measurements for the extraction of clinical indices, and that they offer good segmentation precision in terms of mean distance error in the context of the experts' variability range. The platform remains open for new submissions.
|
|
