| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(författare)
-
Vem begick vilka slags övergrepp? Alternativa tolkningar kring ett förskolebarns beteende.
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Utredningsmetodik och saklighet i en vårdnads-, boende- och umgängesutredning, med sexuella anklagelser, granskas. Stor okunnighet om barns utveckling och hur barn kan påverkas visas både från socialtjänsten och från barnpsykiatrin. Ett antal tankefel förekommer. Utredningen utmärks av partiskhet/"knäsittning". Det kan i detta fall hävdas att det 3-åriga (och senare äldre) barnet utsatts för psykiska övergrepp.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Stenling, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
-
Longitudinal associations between athletes' controlled motivation, ill being, and perceptions of controlling coach behaviors: A Bayesian latent growth curve approach
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Psychology of Sport and Exercise. - Amsterdam : Elsevier BV. - 1469-0292 .- 1878-5476. ; 30, s. 205-214
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although many scholars have argued that leadership is a dynamic process jointly produced by leaders and followers, leadership in sports is most often researched as a unidirectional process from coaches to athletes. Within self-determination theory (SDT), individual characteristics are suggested to influence how people perceive external events such as coaches' behaviors. In the present study, we examined this jointly produced leadership process by investigating longitudinal associations between athletes' controlled motivation, ill-being, and perceptions of coaches' controlling behaviors at the between- and within-person levels. The participants were 247 young elite skiers enrolled at Swedish sport high schools who responded to self-report questionnaires at three time points over the course of an athletic season. At the between-person level, increases in perceptions of coaches' controlling behaviors over the season positively predicted controlled motivation at the end of the season, and controlled motivation at the beginning of the season positively predicted ill-being at the end of the season. At the within-person level, athletes' controlled motivation positively predicted perceptions of coaches' controlling behaviors. The results at the between-person level support the unidirectional perspective and the tenets of SDT. The results at the within-person level suggest that individual characteristics such as motivation can influence how athletes perceive external events, which has been proposed theoretically but seldom examined empirically. Three plausible explanations for this reversed association are presented in the discussion. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 6. |
-
Antirasistisk Ordbok
- 2015
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Språk är ett viktigt medel i kampen för rättvisa. Den här ordboken samlar ett antal begrepp som är grundläggande för den antirasistiska kampen som förs idag i Sverige och i resten av Europa. Det är en samling av begrepp som har definierats och förklarats av ett flertal antirasistiska forskare i Sverige där många av oss är verksamma och anknutna till föreningen Antirasistiska Akademin.
|
|
| 7. |
- Viktorelius, Martin, et al.
(författare)
-
Energy efficiency at sea : An activity theoretical perspective on operational energy efficiency in maritime transport
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Energy Research & Social Science. - : Elsevier. - 2214-6296 .- 2214-6326. ; 52, s. 1-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The mitigation of emission from shipping will require improvements in energy efficiency. In order to achieve this, sociotechnical changes are required, affecting all stakeholders within the shipping sector. Ship crews and their everyday work practices will play an especially important role in the transformation of the sector. It is therefore crucial to understand how new energy efficient technologies and practices are being introduced and enacted onboard ships. The case study reported in this paper investigates an attempt to improve the operational energy efficiency in a shipping company that was made by installing an energy monitoring system and introducing an energy saving policy onboard the ships in the fleet. The analytical framework in this paper is inspired by cultural-historical activity theory which is suggested as a novel and useful practice-based approach in energy studies. It is used in analyzing the contradictions and tensions in the work practices onboard the ships that preceded and followed the implementation of the energy monitoring system and energy saving policy. The empirical results revealed how the initial demand for operational energy efficiency and the subsequent introduction of the new monitoring system and policy gave rise to tensions in the existing activity systems onboard which crew members then tried, but did not always manage, to reconcile. It is concluded that a better understanding of the sociotechnical change processes, associated with organizational energy conservation and energy management, can be achieved if the situated paradoxes of practitioners’ everyday practices are examined.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Jensen, Mikael, 1969
(författare)
-
Lärande och lärandeteorier - Om den intentionella människan
- 2016
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mänskligt lärande är ett komplext fenomen. Det påverkas av såväl mentala/individrelaterade faktorer som interaktiva/sociala faktorer. Den här boken försöker integrera dessa olika perspektiv på lärande som annars brukar ställas emot varandra. Det är berättelsen om människan som en social och kognitiv varelse. I boken drivs tesen om den intentionella lärande människan. Lärande och lärandeteorier presenterar lärandeteorier från olika perspektiv och historiska perioder. Några viktiga kärnbegrepp i boken är: intentioner, social kognition, motivation, minne och kunskap, kommunikation, återkoppling, grupper och organisationer samt kulturella faktorer. Men den diskuterar även mindre vanliga teman såsom transfer, kreativitet, personlighetsdrag, tillit, nätverk och kunskapsdelande.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
- Almered Olsson, Gunilla, 1951, et al.
(författare)
-
Food systems sustainability - For whom and by whom? : An examination of different 'food system change' viewpoints
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Development Research Conference 2018: “Rethinking development”, 22–23 August 2018, Gothenburg, Sweden.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The United Nations identifies the food crisis as one of the primary overarching challenges facing the international community. Different stakeholders in the food system have widely different perspectives and interests, and challenging structural issues, such as the power differentials among them, remain largely unexamined. These challenges make rational discourse among food system actors from different disciplines, sectors and levels difficult. These challenges can often prevent them from working together effectively to find innovative ways to respond to food security challenges. This means that finding solutions to intractable and stuck issues, such as the food crisis often stall, not at implementation, but at the point of problem identification. Food system sustainability means very different things to different food system actors. These differences in no way undermine or discount the work carried out by these players. However, making these differences explicit is an essential activity that would serve to deepen theoretical and normative project outcomes. Would the impact and reach of different food projects differ if these differences were made explicit? The purpose of this initial part of a wider food system research project is not to search for difference or divergence, with the aim of critique, but rather to argue that by making these differences explicit, the overall food system project engagement will be made more robust, more inclusive and more encompassing. This paper starts with some discussion on the different food system perspectives, across scales, regions and sectors but focuses primarily on the design of processes used to understand these divergent and at times contradictory views of what a sustainable food system may be. This paper draws on ongoing work within the Mistra Urban Futures project, using the food system projects in cities as diverse as Cape Town, Manchester, Gothenburg and Kisumu as sites for this enquiry.
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
- Czarniawska, Barbara, 1948
(författare)
-
Nowe techniki badan terenowych: shadowing.
- 2012
-
Ingår i: I: Jemielniak, Dariusz (red.) Badania jakosciowe: Metody i narzedzia. - Warszawa : PWN. - 9788301169466 ; , s. 69-90
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 16. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(författare)
-
Flumpsykologi i barnpsykiatriska journaler rörande tre barn. : Grovt missbruk av psykologi av psykolog.
- 2010
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet är att studera utredningsmetodik och tänkande i barnpsykiatriska journaler m.m. hörande till ett fall inom socialtjänsten. Det påvisas stora mängder metod.- och tankefel av psykolog m.fl. personal. Ett avsevärt antal citat ur texten belägger omfattande kognitiv patologi hos utredare. Utredare med så allvarliga brister i kognitivt fungerande måste bedömas vara farliga/skadliga för familjer och i synnerhet för barn samt inverkar destruktivt på samhället i övrigt.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Angelov, Angel G., et al.
(författare)
-
Four-decision tests for stochastic dominance, with an application to environmental psychophysics
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of mathematical psychology (Print). - : Elsevier. - 0022-2496 .- 1096-0880. ; 93
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- If the survival function of a random variable X lies to the right of the survival function of a random variable Y, then X is said to stochastically dominate Y. Inferring stochastic dominance is particularly complicated because comparing survival functions raises four possible hypotheses: identical survival functions, dominance of X over Y, dominance of Y over X, or crossing survival functions. In this paper, we suggest four-decision tests for stochastic dominance suitable for paired samples. The tests are permutation-based and do not rely on distributional assumptions. One-sided Cramér–von Mises and Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistics are employed but the general idea may be utilized with other test statistics. The power to detect dominance and the different types of wrong decisions are investigated in an extensive simulation study. The proposed tests are applied to data from an experiment concerning the individual’s willingness to pay for a given environmental improvement.
|
|
| 24. |
- Jensen, Mikael, 1969
(författare)
-
Lekteorier
- 2013
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 25. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(författare)
-
Normala sexuella beteenden hos barn
- 2011
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En mycket summarisk forskningsorienterad framställning ges kring frågan om barns normala sexuella beteenden, vilka är viktiga att känna till vid t.ex. utredning av anmälningar av misstankar om sexuella övergrepp.
|
|
| 26. |
- Wallerius, Magnus L., et al.
(författare)
-
Interspecific association of brown trout (Salmo trutta) with non-native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) at the fry stage
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Ethology. - : Wiley. - 0179-1613. ; 123:12, s. 933-941
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The introduction of non-native brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in Europe has led to displacement and decreasing populations of native brown trout (Salmo trutta). Some studies have found that brown trout shift to a diet niche similar to brook trout when the two species live in sympatry, which conflicts with the competitive exclusion principle. A change in feeding niche may be a sign of early interspecific association and social learning, leading to behavioral changes. As a first step to address this possibility, it is essential to assess the interspecific association between the species during the early ontogenetic life stages. In this study, we therefore assess whether juvenile brown trout associate with non-native juvenile brook trout to the same extent as with conspecifics by setting up two experiments: (i) a binomial choice test allowing visual and chemical cues to estimate the species specificity of group preference, and (ii) an association test without physical barriers to estimate the degree of association of a focal brown trout with a group of either conspecifics or heterospecifics. In experiment (1), we found that focal juvenile brown trout preferred to associate with the stimuli groups and did not discriminate either against conspecific or heterospecific groups. Furthermore, more active individuals showed stronger preference for the stimuli group than less active ones, regardless of species. In experiment (2), we found that brook trout groups had a tighter group structure than brown trout groups, and that focal brown trout showed stronger association with brook trout than with brown trout. These results indicate that brown trout may associate with brook trout at an early life stage, which would allow for interspecific social learning to occur. Future studies should look closer into causes and consequences of interspecific association and social learning, including potential effects on the phenotype selection in brown trout populations.
|
|
| 27. |
|
|
| 28. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(författare)
-
Terapeutpåverkan, arbetskonflikt, minnesfenomen och gruppsykologiska processer som uppkomstbetingelser för multipla påståenden om sexuella ofredanden - ett gruppfall
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet är att klargöra utredningsmetodiska problem vid förundersökning av ett fall med ett flertal påståenden om sexuella ofredanden från flera flickor och uppvisat av en manlig ledare inom en fritidsverksamhet. Huvudanmälarens terapeuts handledare och terapeuten startar upp anklagelserna genom att föreslå huvudanmälaren sexuella övergrepp som faktor bakom symtom. En uppfattning att sexuella ofredanden skett sprids snabbt inom den grupp där huvudanmälaren ingår. Utredningsmetodiken uppvisar brister vad gäller att pröva alternativa hypoteser och i kritisk prövning av uppgifter. Många förhörda personer har inte uppfattat några ofredanden. Ett flertal metod- och tankefel samt hot mot validiteten hos uppgifterna specificeras.
|
|
| 29. |
- Mörtberg, Ewa, et al.
(författare)
-
Psychometric Evaluation of the Social Phobia Inventory and the Mini-Social Phobia Inventory in a Swedish University Student Sample
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Psychological Reports. - : SAGE Publications. - 0033-2941 .- 1558-691X. ; 122:1, s. 323-339
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social anxiety is common in the general population, as well as among students in higher education. For screening of social anxiety, there is a need for brief scales. In the present study, the psychometric properties were examined in a Swedish version of the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) and the Mini-Social Phobia Inventory (Mini-SPIN) in a university student sample (n = 161). In addition to the SPIN and Mini-SPIN, participants completed measures of fear of public speaking, general anxiety, depression, and quality of life. Exploratory factor analyses were used to investigate the underlying dimensions of the SPIN, and reliability, convergent, and divergent validity of SPIN and Mini-SPIN were examined by Cronbach’s alpha and correlation analyses. It was found that a shorter eight-item version of the SPIN was associated with two solid factors (fear and avoidance of social interaction and fear and avoidance of criticism), and acceptable internal consistency, convergent, and divergent validity. In addition, the Mini-SPIN was associated with satisfactory convergent validity, but the reliability was not acceptable. It is concluded that the SPIN-8 is a viable screening tool for social anxiety in a university student population.
|
|
| 30. |
- Jensen, Mikael, 1969
(författare)
-
Samarbete i lärande och lek
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Symposiet Fritidshem - kunskap i gemenskap i backspegeln.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
|
|
| 31. |
- Knez, Igor, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
-
Wellbeing in Urban Greenery: The Role of Naturalness and Place Identity
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to investigate effects of urban greenery (high vs. low naturalness) on place identity and wellbeing, and the links between place identity and wellbeing. It was shown that participants (Gothenburg, Sweden, N = 1347) estimated a stronger attachment/closeness/belonging (emotional component of place-identity), and more remembrance and thinking about and mental travel (cognitive component of placeidentity) in relation to high vs. low perceived naturalness. High naturalness was also reported to generate higher wellbeing in participants than low naturalness. Furthermore, place identity was shown to predict participants' wellbeing in urban greenery, accounting for 35% of variance explained by the regression. However, there was a stronger relationship between the emotional vs. the cognitive component of place identity and wellbeing. Finally, a significant role of place identity in mediating the naturalnesswellbeing relationship was shown, indicating that the naturalness-wellbeing connection can be partly accounted for by the psychological mechanisms of people-place bonding.
|
|
| 32. |
- Dymitrow, Mirek, et al.
(författare)
-
Nutrition, health and climate: What have we learned so far?
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Conference on Food Science and Nutrition: “Forum for food science and nutrition for a better tomorrow”, 25–26 February 2019, Rome, Italy.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Food and meals are central elements in our lives: a source of pleasure, a social activity and a bearer of culture. Our eating habits are also very important to health, which implies that the organization and content of meals is a prerequisite for well-being and learning. Schools, in particular, have unique opportunities to promote healthy lifestyles, help develop good eating habits and raise environmental and climate awareness among children and youths by embedding food in a wider context. Unsurprisingly, there is also an increasing interest in school meals and food-related education among researchers, many of whom agree that the quality of school meals can be seen as one of the most accurate indicators of the cities’ sustainability potential. Systematic quality work, however, requires shared targets and ambitions, regular quality checks and discussions on development and improvement. In that vein, the City of Gothenburg has launched the project Urban Rural Gothenburg, which assembles, develops, tests and implements new solutions for the city’s public kitchens. This involves climate-smart and environmentally sound perspectives and programs regarding meal planning, food procurement, food preparation and food-related teaching and learning. One important approach deals with the normalization of increased vegetarian consumption and greater awareness of food’s origins and travel from farm to table. Another approach deals with conscious choices of raw materials that are beneficial for both the environment and health. A third notable approach focuses on new ways of handling food waste to reduce climate impact. In line with the third Sustainable Development Goal, this presentation captures and reaffirms the fundamental assumptions and methods involved in Gothenburg’s work with food sustainability in public kitchens, with an emphasis on health and climate as cross-cutting issues that matter to us all.
|
|
| 33. |
- Ericsson, Malin, et al.
(författare)
-
Childhood social class and cognitive aging in the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 114:27, s. 7001-7006
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this report we analyzed genetically informative data to investigate within-person change and between-person differences in late-life cognitive abilities as a function of childhood social class. We used data from nine testing occasions spanning 28 y in the Swedish Adoption/Twin Study of Aging and parental social class based on the Swedish socioeconomic index. Cognitive ability included a general factor and the four domains of verbal, fluid, memory, and perceptual speed. Latent growth curve models of the longitudinal data tested whether level and change in cognitive performance differed as a function of childhood social class. Between-within twin-pair analyses were performed on twins reared apart to assess familial confounding. Childhood social class was significantly associated with mean-level cognitive performance at age 65 y, but not with rate of cognitive change. The association decreased in magnitude but remained significant after adjustments for level of education and the degree to which the rearing family was supportive toward education. A between-pair effect of childhood social class was significant in all cognitive domains, whereas within-pair estimates were attenuated, indicating genetic confounding. Thus, childhood social class is important for cognitive performance in adulthood on a population level, but the association is largely attributable to genetic influences.
|
|
| 34. |
- Jensen, Mikael, 1969-
(författare)
-
Den fria tidens lärande
- 2011
-
Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lärande är centralt i det mesta vi gör. Kanske särskilt under vår fritid. Den här boken handlar huvudsakligen om hur vi människor lär oss och tar samtidigt med tiden som en väsentlig faktor för lärande. Vårt sätt att förhålla oss till tid påverkar hur vi lär. Det som kallas den fria tiden skapar förutsättningar för lärande som skiljer sig från lärande inom ramen för mer styrd tid. Relaterade begrepp som informellt och formellt lärande diskuteras. Flera teorier om lärande beskrivs. Författaren använder en mängd exempel för att illustrera olika sätt att se på tid och lärande. De mest centrala delarna berör barns lärande inom fritidshem, förskola och skola, men även lärande i hemmiljö och platser där barn befinner sig på sin fritid. Boken vänder sig i första hand till lärare och andra professionella som arbetar med barn under deras fritid. Fritidshemmet diskuteras i ett eget kapitel men alla delar av boken är relevanta för fritidshemsverksamhet.
|
|
| 35. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(författare)
-
Kritisk granskning av en barnavårdsutredning enligt BBIC
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet är att klargöra några utredningsmetodiska och etiska problem vid tillämpning av BBIC-konceptet i en barnavårdsutredning. Det framgår att utredningen använder icke rimligt säkerställda uppgifter som grund för analys och bedömningar. Dolda observationsevidens anförs (något som inte kan godtas). Integritetskänsliga uppgifter anförs obehövligt. Ett antal tankefel i utredningen specificeras.
|
|
| 36. |
- Billsten, Johan, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
-
Organizational Readiness for Change (ORC) test used in the implementation of assessment instruments and treatment methods in a Swedish National study
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0740-5472 .- 1873-6483. ; 84, s. 9-16
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Organizational climate and related factors are associated with outcome and are as such of vital interest for healthcare organizations. Organizational Readiness for Change (ORC) is the questionnaire used in the present study to assess the influence of organizational factors on implementation success. The respondents were employed in one of 203 Swedish municipalities within social work and psychiatric substance/abuse treatment services. They took part in a nationwide implementation project organized by the Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions (SALAR), commissioned by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare. Aim The aims were: (a) to identify classes (clusters) of employees with different ORC profiles on the basis of data collected in 2011 and (b) to investigate ORC profiles which predicted the use of assessment instruments, therapy methods and collaborative activities in 2011 and 2013. Design and recruitment The evaluation study applied a naturalistic design with registration of outcome at consecutive assessments. The participants were contacted via official e-mail addresses in their respective healthcare units and were encouraged by their officials to participate on a voluntary basis. Statistics Descriptive statistics were obtained using SPSS version 23. A latent profile analysis (LPA) using Mplus 7.3 was performed with a robust maximum likelihood estimator (MLR) to identify subgroups (clusters) based on the 18 ORC indexes. Results A total of 2402 employees responded to the survey, of whom 1794 (74.7%) completed the ORC scores. Descriptive analysis indicated that the respondents were a homogenous group of employees, where women (72.0%) formed the majority. Cronbach's alpha for the 18 ORC indexes ranged from α = 0.67 to α = 0.78. A principal component analysis yielded a four-factor solution explaining 62% of the variance in total ORC scores. The factors were: motivational readiness (α = 0.64), institutional resources (α = 0.52), staff attributes (α = 0.76), and organizational climate (α = 0.74). An LPA analysis of the four factors with their three distinct profiles provided the best data fit: Profile 3 (n = 614), Profile 2 (n = 934), and Profile 1 (n = 246). Respondents with the most favorable ORC scores (Profile 3) used significantly more instruments and more treatment methods and had a better collaborating network in 2011 as well as in 2013 compared to members in Profile 1, the least successful profile. Conclusion In a large sample of social work and healthcare professionals, ORC scores reflecting higher institutional resources, staff attributes and organizational climate and lower motivational readiness for change were associated with a successful implementation of good practice guidelines for the care and treatment of substance users in Sweden. Low motivational readiness as a construct may indicate satisfaction with the present situation. As ORC proved to be an indicator of successful dissemination of evidence-based guidelines into routine and specialist healthcare, it can be used to tailor interventions to individual employees or services and to improve the dissemination of and compliance with guidelines for the treatment of substance users. © 2017
|
|
| 37. |
|
|
| 38. |
- Lowe, Robert, et al.
(författare)
-
Affective-Associative Two-Process theory: A neural network investigation of adaptive behaviour in differential outcomes training
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Adaptive Behavior. - : SAGE Publications. - 1059-7123 .- 1741-2633. ; 25:1, s. 5-23
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this article we present a novel neural network implementation of Associative Two-Process (ATP) theory based on an Actor-Critic-like architecture. Our implementation emphasizes the affective components of differential reward magnitude and reward omission expectation and thus we model Affective-Associative Two-Process theory (Aff-ATP). ATP has been used to explain the findings of differential outcomes training (DOT) procedures, which emphasize learning differentially valuated outcomes for cueing actions previously associated with those outcomes. ATP hypothesizes the existence of a prospective' memory route through which outcome expectations can bring to bear on decision making and can even substitute for decision making based on the retrospective' inputs of standard working memory. While DOT procedures are well recognized in the animal learning literature they have not previously been computationally modelled. The model presented in this article helps clarify the role of ATP computationally through the capturing of empirical data based on DOT. Our Aff-ATP model illuminates the different roles that prospective and retrospective memory can have in decision making (combining inputs to action selection functions). In specific cases, the model's prospective route allows for adaptive switching (correct action selection prior to learning) following changes in the stimulus-response-outcome contingencies.
|
|
| 39. |
|
|
| 40. |
-
Bulletin of Geography. Socio-Economic Series (Volume 40)
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Bulletin of Geography. Socio-Economic Series (De Gruyter). - 1732-4254 .- 1732-4254. ; 40:40, s. 1-196
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This 40th anniversary issue of BGSS highlights some of the tenets of the complexity that make sustainability a ‘wicked problem’ through a number of different perspectives, many of which have to date been pushed into the background amidst an otherwise exceptionally rich geographical literature on sustainability. The editorial task included procurement, administration and scientific processing of 12 articles from 25 authors as follows: (1) Mirek Dymitrow, Keith Halfacree – “Sustainability–differently”; (2) Slobodan Arsovski, Michał Kwiatkowski, Aleksandra Lewandowska, Dimitrinka Jordanova Peshevska, Emilija Sofeska, Mirek Dymitrow – “Can urban environmental problems be overcome? The case of Skopje—world’s most polluted city”; (3) Janis Birkeland – “Challenging policy barriers in sustainable urban design”; (4) Elizabeth Dessie – “Applying resilience thinking to ‘ordinary’ cities: A theoretical inquiry”; (5) Madeleine Eriksson, Aina Tollefsen – “The production of the rural landscape and its labour: The development of supply chain capitalism in the Swedish berry industry”; (6) Stina Hansson – “The role of trust in shaping urban planning in local communities: The case of Hammarkullen, Sweden”; (7) Shelley Kotze – “The place of community values within community-based conservation: The case of Driftsands Nature Reserve, Cape Town”; (8) Davide Marino, Luigi Mastronardi, Agostino Giannelli, Vincenzo Giaccio, Giampiero Mazzocchi – “Territorialisation dynamics for Italian farms adhering to Alternative Food Networks”; (9) E. Gunilla Almered Olsson – “Urban food systems as vehicles for sustainability transitions”; (10) George Mark Onyango – “Urban public transport in informal settlements: Experiences from Kisumu City, Kenya”; (11) Christian M. Rogerson – “Informality and migrant entrepreneurs in Cape Town’s inner city”; (12) Marcin Wójcik, Karolina Dmochowska-Dudek, Pamela Jeziorska-Biel, Paulina Tobiasz-Lis – “Understanding strategies for overcoming peripherality: A Polish experience of transition”. The articles have been reviewed by a cadre of 40 reviewers from 34 academic institutions across 14 countries.
|
|
| 41. |
- Sinclair, Samantha, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
-
Explaining gender-typed educational choice in adolescence: The role of social identity, self-concept, goals, grades, and interests.
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Journal of Vocational Behavior. - : Elsevier. - 0001-8791 .- 1095-9084. ; 110:Part A, s. 54-71
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In most industrialized countries, there are substantial gender differences in field of study, resulting in gender segregated labor markets. The present research (N = 457, M age = 14.98) investigated a diverse range of predictors of Swedish adolescents’ choice of preparatory (STEM; humanistic) and terminal (e.g., electrician; health care) programs. The results revealed that social identity related variables (same-gender friendship networks, belonging, and adherence to gender stereotypes) mattered primarily for choice of gender-typed terminal programs, whereas academic self-concept and grades positively predicted selecting STEM and negatively predicted choice of gender-typed terminal programs for both girls and boys. Subject-specific interests were the most powerful and robust predictors overall and mediated the effects of academic self-concept and to a lesser extent social identity variables. The results illuminate the interaction between perceived barriers, opportunities, and interests in determining educational choice, the need to consider gender-typical choice for high-skilled and low-skilled career paths separately, and the importance of jointly considering a multitude of predictors that are typically studied in different fields.
|
|
| 42. |
- Hassmén, Peter, et al.
(författare)
-
Burnout symptoms and recovery processes in eight elite soccer coaches over 10 years
- 2019
-
Ingår i: International journal of sports science & coaching. - : Sage Publications. - 1747-9541 .- 2048-397X. ; 14:4, s. 431-443
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elite sport can be stressful, which increases the risk for burnout symptoms to develop. Especially when not balanced with sufficient recovery. To study the burnout–recovery process, eight elite soccer coaches were followed for 10 years. All eight were active elite coaches at the inception of this study and reported elevated emotional exhaustion scores on Maslach’s Burnout Inventory Educators Survey (MBI-ES). The coaches completed MBI-ES three additional times (year 3, 7, and 10), and they were also interviewed on the same occasions. At the 3-year follow-up, seven of the eight coaches reduced their exhaustion scores. The coach presenting with unchanged scores both at the 3 - and 7-year follow-up was the only one still coaching at the elite level. All coaches revealed during the interviews that they struggled to manage their work–life balance well; some worked too many hours, some experienced difficulty in managing conflicting role-demands, and some wrestled with external pressures. Their approach to recovery was, however, similar. Apart from moving away from coaching at the elite level, they unanimously mentioned that they changed their approach to coaching to make recovery possible. They achieved the latter by, for example, increasing control and delegating responsibility. According to our longitudinal results, burnout frequently regarded as an end-state can decrease over time. Provided that decisive action is taken to change situational factors and personal demands. This frequently meant withdrawing from coaching, which in turn explains why coach retention remains a serious challenge for most organizations with teams/athletes competing at the elite level. © The Author(s) 2019.
|
|
| 43. |
- Amundin, Mats, et al.
(författare)
-
A proposal to use distributional models to analyse dolphin vocalisation
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Vocal Interactivity in-and-between Humans, Animals and Robots, VIHAR 2017. - 9782956202905 ; , s. 31-32
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper gives a brief introduction to the starting points of an experimental project to study dolphin communicative behaviour using distributional semantics, with methods implemented for the large scale study of human language.
|
|
| 44. |
- Oliva, Manuel
(författare)
-
Attention and Learning through the Eyes of the Emotional Brain
- 2018
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The present thesis consists of four articles that address cognitive-emotional interactions as measured through eye movements and pupil dilation.Social facilitation-inhibition is an effect that describes changes in performance (enhancement or impairment) when individuals complete tasks in social presence compared to when they perform the same tasks in solitary conditions. Along this line, Paper I and II focus on the effect of social presence in low and high level tasks, such as eye movements and learning, respectively. These are the first evidence showing that social presence influences the attentional control of eye movements.The locus coeruleus is a brain structure that is active during arousal and stress, as well as during cognitive and attentional processes. In addition, this structure is almost the sole network mediating pupil dilation in conditions of constant luminance. Therefore, the activity of the locus coeruleus can be indirectly traced through changes in pupil size. In Paper III we investigated the role of the locus coeruleus, as measured through fluctuations in pupil size, during the process of emotion recognition. The results of this paper indicated that pupil dilation reveals the time course of decision making on emotional tasks. In Paper IV, the role of the locus coeruleus was investigated in the context of selective attention. The results revealed that pupil size predicts the efficiency of selective attentionin conditions of low perceptual load (i.e., tasks few stimuli and/or simple stimuli) but not in conditions of high perceptual load (i.e., higher number of stimuli and/or more complex stimuli).Finally, since no single theory has emerged that can account for social facilitation-inhibition, I argue in the introduction of the thesis that the locus coeruleus may be involved in mediating cognitive-emotional functions, including social facilitation-inhibition.
|
|
| 45. |
- Österberg, Johan, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
-
The Path to Job Satisfaction : Applying the Theory of Purposeful Behavior to Military Conditions
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Journal of Defense Resources Management. - Romania. - 2068-9403 .- 2247-6466. ; 8:1, s. 27-42
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between, on one hand,personality and performance orientation and, on the other, job satisfaction andturnover intentions, using Barrick’s et al. theory of purposeful behavior. Using aquestionnaire, data about job satisfaction, performance orientation and turnover intentions were collected from 300 newly recruited Swedish soldiers. A path analysis gave partial, but not full support to the assumptions behind the theory of purposeful behavior model. No relationships were found between the personality traits of emotional stability and conscientiousness, nor to either performance orientation or directly to job satisfaction. On the other hand, performance orientation showed a consistent relationship to perceived levels of the job characteristics, which mediated the path between the person-related variables and the outcome variables.Performance orientation also showed a strong direct relationship to general job satisfaction, which, in turn, was strongly related to turnover intentions.
|
|
| 46. |
- Sundblad, Eva-Lotta, 1956, et al.
(författare)
-
Social analys – en havsrelaterad samhällsanalys. Underlagsrapport för Sveriges inledande bedömning i havsmiljöförordningen
- 2012
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Havsmiljöförordningen, SFS 2010:1341, (HMF) ingår i en strategi för en ekosystembaserad förvaltning och ett hållbart nyttjande av havsmiljön som avses i Havsmiljödirektivet (2008/56/EG). Förordningen syftar till att upprätthålla eller nå en god miljöstatus i havsmiljön. Enligt HMF ska Havs- och vattenmyndigheten se till att det görs en inledande bedömningen av havsmiljön i de svenska delarna av de två förvaltningsområdena Nordsjön och Östersjön (13 § - 16 §). Den inledande bedömningen, som ska vara avslutad den 15 juli 2012 och rapporteras till Europeiska kommissionen senast den 15 oktober samma år, ska ligga till grund för fastställande av god miljöstatus, miljömål och miljöövervakningsprogram samt utarbetande av åtgärdsprogram för att nå uppsatta mål. I den inledande bedömningen ingår att utföra en ekonomisk och social analys, den förra kan delas in i två delar där den första syftar till att analysera nyttjandet av havsområdet och den andra delen att beskriva kostnaderna av att miljön i havsområdena försämras (HMF, 13 §, p.4 samt Havsmiljödirektivet, Artikel 8.1c). Det primära syftet med den sociala analysen i den inledande bedömningen är att skapa en bild av förutsättningarna för det kommande arbetet med att uppnå direktivets syften, dvs. god miljöstatus (GES, artikel 9). Analysen ska också tjäna som underlag vid utformningen av miljömål (artikel 10) som sedermera kommer att ligga till grund för åtgärdsprogram och styrmedel (artikel 13). Bedömningen inbegriper en analys av hur olika grupper i samhället kan beröras av havets nyttjande, havsrelaterade miljöproblem och deras åtgärdande. I denna studie lanseras en metod att genomföra en sådan analys. Metoden inbegriper en tankemodell som består av komponenterna Indirekta drivkrafter, Direkta drivkrafter, Påverkan/tillstånd/effekt i miljön, Effekt i samhället och Respons med. Modellen används tillsammans med en frågemall för att kartlägga aktörer och drivkrafter. Fallstudier avseende tre miljöproblem - selektivt överfiske av torsk samt oönskad spridning av kvicksilver och fosfor - visar att ett stort antal aktörer är inblandade såväl indirekt som direkt. Dessutom verkar aktörerna på olika nivåer: lokalt/regionalt, nationellt och internationellt. Varje miljöproblem behöver sin egen analys och har egna förutsättningar. Studien visar att den information som behövs för att besluta om åtgärder är relativt omfattande. Avvägningen av vilken mängd information som är tillräcklig och som bör övervakas i framtiden kan ha stor påverkan på utvecklingen i samhället och i miljön. Slutligen lämnas förslag på hur framtida havsmiljörelaterade samhällsanalyser kan genomföras.
|
|
| 47. |
- Kotze, Shelley, 1986, et al.
(författare)
-
The role of trust in street-level organisations within integration projects
- 2019
-
Ingår i: The 17th Annual ESPANET Conference: “Social citizenship, migration and conflict – Equality and opportunity in European welfare states”, The European Network for Social Policy Analysis, 5–7 September 2019, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swedish immigrant integration holds a unique contradiction in that it is lauded as having the ‘best’ policy in Europe (MIPEX), but its outcomes are amongst some of the poorest (Eurostats). Currently, responsibility of implementing integration policy is held by national agencies at the macro-level. Such a structure, however, is likely to overshadow what goes on at the micro-level, an oversight which is also reflected within current research. By adopting a street-level organisation (SLOs) approach, this research sets out to explore the gap between formal policy provision and measurable outcomes, where trust is situated as a critical dimension within the process of integration that is yet to be captured by other means. This presentation explores trust as a reason for the disparity between policy and outcomes, with the help of a case study that involves an SLO situated in Gothenburg; more specifically, a suburb characterised by a 90% immigrant population, and its unexploited social capital. To resolve this issue Gothenburg embarked on a four-year EU sponsored project concerned with labour market integration. Under this umbrella, a sub-project has been launched to engage 500 immigrants visiting an SLO within green business development as a means to integration. However, while initially promising, several intricacies surrounding the studied SLO, including its structure, history and leadership, has brought forth a number of worrying insights that have severed trust-building and impeded future work. Previous studies exploring the success of projects at the street level have successfully used qualitative methods, including reflexive non-participant observation. In our research we have used field notes collected over a six-month period from the project’s inception, supplemented by time lines of interactions and stakeholder engagements. The data have been coded to decipher key incidents and exchanges where trust has played a pivotal role in the dynamics between stakeholders, and for the direction of the project, as such. Given the responsibility that SLOs currently hold within immigrant integration, the personal street-level interactions from which (dis)trust evolves need to be regarded as significantly important. Our findings suggest that trust is greatly underestimated within SLOs, with distrust disrupting the success of the integration process, often resulting in project failure. This presentation will make recommendations as to how a SLO approach can contribute to trust-building, which will go some way in addressing existing ambiguities and inconsistencies between policy and outcomes concerning immigrant integration.
|
|
| 48. |
- Basic, Goran, 1972-
(författare)
-
Coherent triads and successful inter-professional collaboration : narratives of professional actors in the Swedish child welfare system
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nordic Social Work Research. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2156-857X .- 2156-8588. ; 9:3, s. 235-249
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to analyze how and when the professional actors within the Swedish child welfare system portray successful cooperation and determine which discursive patterns are involved in the construction of this phenomenon. The empirical basis for this study is formed by 147 recorded interviews with institution-placed youths, their parents, and different occupational categories within the social services and the Swedish National Board of Institutional Care. Analytical findings with the following themes are presented: (1) coherent vision triad, (2) coherent rhetorically accepted triad, and (3) coherent exclusive triad. The personal interactive aspect of cooperation among professional actors in the care of children is important for successful collaboration. This aspect also appears to be significant for producing and reproducing joint collaboration identities. However, joint collaboration identities and the coherence triad can limit the sphere of cooperation to the entities involved in the care of youths and the juvenile or his/her parents are left out.
|
|
| 49. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(författare)
-
BUP:s missbruk av anmälningsparagrafen i socialtjänstlagen
- 2011
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet är att klargöra hur en oprofessionell BUP-organisation kan missbruka anmälningsparagrafen i socialtjänstlagen i ett fall med en tonårspojke och dennes far. Anmälan gjordes utan erforderlig preciserad saklig grund och socialtjänsten underlät kritisk prövning och ägnade lång tid åt att utreda ingenting. Det uppställs och prövas sex hypoteser på det dokumentmaterial som inte härrör från den kritiske fadern. BUP:s och socialtjänstens hantering av fallet är inte sakligt och etiskt godtagbar. Ett antal tankefel listas.
|
|
| 50. |
|
|
