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| 6. |
- Bjereld, Ylva, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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The association between self-reported psychosomatic complaints and bullying victimisation and disability among adolescents in Finland and Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 51:8, s. 1136-1143
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To analyse the associations between bullying victimisation, disability, and self-reported psychosomatic complaints in adolescents, and to investigate the role of support from parents and teachers in such associations. Methods: The study was based on Finnish and Swedish data from two waves (2013/2014 and 2017/2018) of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey (n=16,057). Descriptive statistics were produced for four groups of adolescents: (a) bullied with disabilities; (b) not bullied with disabilities; (c) bullied without disabilities; and (d) not bullied without disabilities (reference group). Two multilevel multinomial logistic regression models were performed for the Finnish and Swedish samples separately. The first model analysed associations between psychosomatic complaints and bullying victimisation, controlling for a range of confounders. The second model analysed associations between psychosomatic complaints and social support from parents and teachers. Results: Across both countries, bullied adolescents with disabilities were more likely to self-report psychosomatic complaints than the reference group, even after adjusting for other potential confounders. Teacher support was identified as a potential protective factor as the odds ratio for psychosomatic complaints decreased when including teacher support as a factor in the model. The association with parent support showed mixed findings in Finland and Sweden. Conclusions: Disability in combination with bullying victimisation generated the highest levels of self-reported psychosomatic complaints compared to adolescents that were not bullied nor had disabilities. High teacher support may be a protective factor against psychosomatic complaints for bullied and/or disabled adolescents.
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| 7. |
- Pires, Cristiana F., et al.
(författare)
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Understanding and Modulating Immunity With Cell Reprogramming
- 2019
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 10
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell reprogramming concepts have been classically developed in the fields of developmental and stem cell biology and are currently being explored for regenerative medicine, given its potential to generate desired cell types for replacement therapy. Cell fate can be experimentally reversed or modified by enforced expression of lineage specific transcription factors leading to pluripotency or attainment of another somatic cell type identity. The possibility to reprogram fibroblasts into induced dendritic cells (DC) competent for antigen presentation creates a paradigm shift for understanding and modulating the immune system with direct cell reprogramming. PU.1, IRF8, and BATF3 were identified as sufficient and necessary to impose DC fate in unrelated cell types, taking advantage of Clec9a, a C-type lectin receptor with restricted expression in conventional DC type 1. The identification of such minimal gene regulatory networks helps to elucidate the molecular mechanisms governing development and lineage heterogeneity along the hematopoietic hierarchy. Furthermore, the generation of patient-tailored reprogrammed immune cells provides new and exciting tools for the expanding field of cancer immunotherapy. Here, we summarize cell reprogramming concepts and experimental approaches, review current knowledge at the intersection of cell reprogramming with hematopoiesis, and propose how cell fate engineering can be merged to immunology, opening new opportunities to understand the immune system in health and disease.
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| 8. |
- Mogensen, Nina, et al.
(författare)
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Parental experiences of the informed consent process in randomized clinical trials-A Nordic study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Pediatric Blood & Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1545-5009 .- 1545-5017. ; 70:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundRandomized clinical trials (RCTs) are an essential part of improving acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment. This population-based questionnaire study investigated parents' experiences of the informed consent process in the RCTs within the Nordic NOPHO (Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology) ALL2008 trial.ProcedureParents in Sweden, Denmark, and Finland whose child was alive and in first remission after end of therapy and who were asked to participate in any RCT in the ALL2008 protocol, were asked to complete 15 questions/items regarding their experience of the RCT consent process.ResultsA total of 483 parents of 279 children met the inclusion criteria and answered the study questionnaire. Most (91%) agreed/strongly agreed to having received sufficient information to make a well-informed decision, felt confidence in the study design (86%), and thought that the process was satisfactory (86%). Those who did not consent reported a generally more negative experience of the process. More than a third of all parents and over half of parents who had refused participation felt that it was burdensome to decide. Most parents (66%) in general, and one-third of those with children 8 years or older, reported that their child was not involved in the process.ConclusionsParents were in general satisfied with the informed consent process, although many parents, particularly those who refused participation, reported it as burdensome to make the decision concerning RCT. Fewer than expected of the school-aged children were involved in the decision process, which calls for attention on how children are included in the consent procedure in clinical trials.
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| 9. |
- Kikhia, Basel, et al.
(författare)
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Utilizing a Wristband Sensor to Measure the Stress Level for People with Dementia
- 2016
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Ingår i: Sensors. - : MDPI AG. - 1424-8220. ; 16:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stress is a common problem that affects most people with dementia and their caregivers. Stress symptoms for people with dementia are often measured by answering a checklist of questions by the clinical staff who work closely with the person with the dementia. This process requires a lot of effort with continuous observation of the person with dementia over the long term. This article investigates the effectiveness of using a straightforward method, based on a single wristband sensor to classify events of "Stressed" and "Not stressed" for people with dementia. The presented system calculates the stress level as an integer value from zero to five, providing clinical information of behavioral patterns to the clinical staff. Thirty staff members participated in this experiment, together with six residents suffering from dementia, from two nursing homes. The residents were equipped with the wristband sensor during the day, and the staff were writing observation notes during the experiment to serve as ground truth. Experimental evaluation showed relationships between staff observations and sensor analysis, while stress level thresholds adjusted to each individual can serve different scenarios.
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| 10. |
- Roos, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Promoting the person-centred aspects of dignity and well-being : learning from older persons’ experiences of living in residential care facilities
- 2022
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Ingår i: Working with Older People. - : Emerald. - 1366-3666 .- 2042-8790.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Dignity and well-being are key aspects of the legislation and policies that regulate care of older persons worldwide. In addition, care of older persons should be person-centred. Dignity and well-being are described as results of person-centred care (PCC). The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of important aspects for older persons to experience dignity and well-being in residential care facilities (RCFs). Design/methodology/approach: This study had a qualitative approach, and individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 older persons living in RCFs. Data were analysed using inductive content analysis. Findings: To experience dignity and well-being older persons emphasized the importance of preserving their identity. To do this, it was important to be able to manage daily life, to gain support and influence and to belong to a social context. However, the findings indicate a need for improvements. Practical implications: Insights into older persons’ experiences of important aspects for experiencing dignity and well-being in RCFs can be used by first-line managers and registered nurses when designing improvement strategies to promote PCC. Originality/value: Dignity and well-being are described as results of PCC. The findings provide an understanding of what older persons perceive as important for experiencing dignity and well-being in RCFs. The findings are useful when designing improvement strategies to promote PCC.
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| 11. |
- Zöller, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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A common 4G allele in the promoter of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene as a risk factor for pulmonary embolism and arterial thrombosis in hereditary protein S deficiency
- 1998
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Ingår i: Thrombosis and Haemostasis. - 0340-6245. ; 79:4, s. 802-807
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reduced fibrinolytic capacity due to increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity in plasma is a common finding in patients with coronary heart disease or venous thromboembolism, although its clinical significance is debated. Recently, a dimorphism in the PAI-1 promoter (4G-5G) has been reported and homozygosity for the 4G allele is associated with increased transcription and higher PAI-1 levels. Homozygous 4G genotype has been suggested to be a risk factor for myocardial infarction. In the present study, the 4G-5G dimorphism was determined in 349 individuals from 21 thrombophilic families with hereditary protein S deficiency and in 140 unrelated healthy controls. Among the 143 protein S deficient individuals, there was no relationship between deep or superficial venous thrombosis and the PAI-1 dimorphism. However, 26% (12/46) of individuals having protein S deficiency combined with homozygosity for the 4G allele had suffered pulmonary embolism as compared to 7% (7/97) of protein S deficient individuals carrying at least one 5G allele (p = 0.0019). In protein S deficient individuals, arterial thrombosis was found to be associated with smoking and 4G homozygosity. No association was found between the PAI-1 dimorphism and arterial or venous thromboembolism in family members without protein S deficiency. In conclusion, the PAI-1 genotype affects the phenotypic expression of thrombophilia in protein S deficient individuals.
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| 12. |
- Fagrell, Per, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Industrial adjunct professors in Sweden: meeting many goals despite unexpressed expectations
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Studies in Educational Policy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2002-0317. ; 2016
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents the findings from a study of industrial adjunct professors at two higher education institutions in Sweden. The aim of the study is to investigate the rationales and expectations for companies to invest time and money in the collaboration that adjunct professors represent. The study also explores the tasks adjunct professors are involved in. The study is a two-case study comprising 31 semi-structured interviews with university management, adjunct professors and their employers, the companies.The results from the study show that the stakeholders have different expectations for the adjunct professors. While the companies are oriented towards education and students as future employees, the universities’ expectations are more related to research and research training. Notably, the different expectations are rarely explicit or known to the stakeholders or the adjunct professors. The adjunct professor has to interpret the often unspoken expectations.As regards tasks, adjunct professors are involved in research, research training, advisory services and engineering education, although the latter in a limited way. They are involved in the employability agenda and educational collaboration, but except in one single case they do not develop existing, or create new, engineering curricula. The study concludes that adjunct professors could be used as a strategic resource for developing engineering curricula, provided that the expectations are expressed from all stakeholders from the beginning of the collaboration.
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| 13. |
- Tapper, Michael
(författare)
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Mizoguchi och friheten
- 2000
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Ingår i: Filmhäftet. - 0345-3057. ; :4, s. 48-55
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Analys av Kenji Mizoguchis berättarteknik och filmstil
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| 14. |
- Ottesen, Geir Grundvåg, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the accuracy of SME managers’ network perceptions
- 2004
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Ingår i: European Journal of Marketing. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0309-0566 .- 1758-7123. ; 38:5/6, s. 593-607
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies the accuracy of small‐ to medium‐sized (SME) managers' perceptions of their information exchanges with important market actors such as customers, competitors and suppliers. In this way, examines an important dimension of managers' network perceptions, which are assumed to be necessary for optimal utilisation of their networks. By comparing managers' perceived frequency of information exchanges with external actors with an “objective” tracking of their actual behaviour, reveals substantial perceptual errors. Findings are discussed and implications highlighted.
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| 15. |
- Zäll, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Durability of antireflective SiO2 coatings with closed pore structure
- 2023
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Ingår i: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells. - : Elsevier. - 0927-0248 .- 1879-3398. ; 261
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of antireflective coatings to increase the transmittance of the cover glass is a central aspect of achieving high efficiencies for solar collectors and photovoltaics alike. Considering an expected lifetime of 20–30 years for solar energy installations, the durability of the antireflective surfaces is essential. Here, a novel antireflective SiO2 coating with a hexagonally ordered closed pore structure, produced with an aerosol-based sol-gel method is benchmarked against two commercial coatings; produced with acid etching and sol-gel roll coating. The optical and mechanical properties together with contact angle characteristics were evaluated before and after various durability tests, including climate chamber tests, outdoor exposure, and abrasion. Compared to the commercial antireflective coatings with open pore structures, the novel coating performed in parity, or better, in all tests. Based on the results of humidity freeze and industrial climate chamber tests, it appears that the coating with closed pore structure has a better ability to prevent water adsorption. Additionally, the closed pore structure of the coating seems to minimize the accumulation of dirt and deposits. The abrasion and cleanability test further confirm the advantages of a closed pore structure, showcasing the coating's mechanical durability. While the coatings exhibit similar hardness and reduced elastic modulus, the closed pore coating proves to be even harder after undergoing the industrial climate chamber test, but also slightly more brittle, as indicated by the probability of crack initiation. In summary the closed pore structure is well suited for tempered and arid climates, making it a truly competitive alternative to existing antireflective coatings.
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- Díaz Santana, Mary V., et al.
(författare)
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Urinary concentrations of phthalate biomarkers and weight change among postmenopausal women : a prospective cohort study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Environmental Health. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1476-069X. ; 18:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Some phthalates are endocrine disrupting chemicals used as plasticizers in consumer products, and have been associated with obesity in cross-sectional studies, yet prospective evaluations of weight change are lacking. Our objective was to evaluate associations between phthalate biomarker concentrations and weight and weight change among postmenopausal women.METHODS: We performed cross-sectional (N = 997) and longitudinal analyses (N = 660) among postmenopausal Women's Health Initiative participants. We measured 13 phthalate metabolites and creatinine in spot urine samples provided at baseline. Participants' weight and height measured at in-person clinic visits at baseline, year 3, and year 6 were used to calculate body mass index (BMI). We fit multivariable multinomial logistic regression models to explore cross-sectional associations between each phthalate biomarker and baseline BMI category. We evaluated longitudinal associations between each biomarker and weight change using mixed effects linear regression models.RESULTS: In cross-sectional analyses, urinary concentrations of some biomarkers were positively associated with obesity prevalence (e.g. sum of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites [ΣDEHP] 4th vs 1st quartile OR = 3.29, 95% CI 1.80-6.03 [p trend< 0.001] vs normal). In longitudinal analyses, positive trends with weight gain between baseline and year 3 were observed for mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate, monoethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-hydroxybutyl phthalate, and mono-hydroxyisobutyl phthalate (e.g. + 2.32 kg [95% CI 0.93-3.72] for 4th vs 1st quartile of MEP; p trend < 0.001). No statistically significant associations were observed between biomarkers and weight gain over 6 years.CONCLUSIONS: Certain phthalates may contribute to short-term weight gain among postmenopausal women.
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| 18. |
- Zölch, Teresa, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating the ecosystem-based approach into municipal climate adaptation strategies : The case of Germany
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526. ; 170, s. 966-977
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change impacts are a key challenge for sustainable urban development. To address this challenge, ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA), i.e., the use of ecosystem services and biodiversity to help people adapt to climate change, is increasingly being considered as an alternative or complement to traditional, engineering-based approaches (increasingly also known as nature-based solutions). However, little research on ecosystem-based adaptation has been carried out in urban areas, and empirical evidence of its effectiveness and uptake in strategic adaptation planning is particularly lacking. Against this background, this study investigates the implementation of urban EbA in strategic adaptation planning. Based on a comparative analysis of all German municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants, it examines the integration of EbA into municipal adaptation strategies. The results show that there is, so far, no comprehensive uptake of the EbA concept. While current strategies differ significantly in their type, structure, scope, maturity and content, overall the EbA concept remains implicit. 76% of the assessed strategies include some kind of ecosystem-based adaptation measures, which focus on enhancing the conservation, restoration, creation or sustainable management of ecosystems, and 25% of all strategies highlight the multiple benefits of these measures. However, comprehensive approaches are missing. We conclude that better policy support and comprehensive mainstreaming of EbA (e.g., through more distributed urban governance, science-policy integration, combined top-down policies and bottom-up activities) is urgently needed to foster sustainable urban development.
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| 21. |
- Díaz Solano, Beatriz-Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Tourism Clusters, Nature Research and Visitor Experiences : The Case of Fundación Batis in Barranquilla, Colombian Caribbean
- 2023
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Ingår i: Tourism Cases. - : CABI Publishing. - 2788-5607.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Clusters are beneficial to tourist companies in a number of ways as they have been found to promote innovation of both product and market. The case of Fundación Batis, located in the Colombian Caribbean, will be examined as a best practice in terms of adding tourism to a company’s supply to achieve diversification and supplemental revenue. After a successful incubation in a cluster, this foundation opened its doors to tourists, and its employees now engage in an open dialogue with visitors about conservation issues. As a result, the region gains an upscale offer in natural tourism, which helps to upgrade and diversify the local tourism product.
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| 25. |
- de Blanche, Andreas, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Addressing characterization methods for memory contention aware co-scheduling
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Supercomputing. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0920-8542 .- 1573-0484. ; 71:4, s. 1451-1483
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ability to precisely predict how memory contention degrades performance when co-scheduling programs is critical for reaching high performance levels in cluster, grid and cloud environments. In this paper we present an overview and compare the performance of state-of-the-art characterization methods for memory aware (co-)scheduling. We evaluate the prediction accuracy and co-scheduling performance of four methods: one slowdown-based, two cache-contention based and one based on memory bandwidth usage. Both our regression analysis and scheduling simulations find that the slowdown based method, represented by Memgen, performs better than the other methods. The linear correlation coefficient (Formula presented.) of Memgen's prediction is 0.890. Memgen's preferred schedules reached 99.53 % of the obtainable performance on average. Also, the memory bandwidth usage method performed almost as well as the slowdown based method. Furthermore, while most prior work promote characterization based on cache miss rate we found it to be on par with random scheduling of programs and highly unreliable.
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| 27. |
- Stegmayr, Bernd, et al.
(författare)
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Distribution of indications and procedures within the framework of centers participating in the WAA apheresis registry
- 2017
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Ingår i: Transfusion and apheresis science. - : Elsevier BV. - 1473-0502 .- 1878-1683. ; 56:1, s. 71-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The WAA apheresis registry was established in 2003 and an increasing number of centers have since then included their experience and data of their procedures. The registry now contains data of more than 74,000 apheresis procedures in more than 10,000 patients. This report shows that the indications for apheresis procedures are changing towards more oncological diagnoses and stem cell collections from patients and donors and less therapeutic apheresis procedures. In centers that continue to register, the total extent of apheresis procedures and patients treated have expanded during the latest years.
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| 28. |
- Kouyoumdjieva, Sylvia, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluating an Energy-efficient Radio Architecture for Opportunistic Communication
- 2012
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Ingår i: Communications (ICC), 2012 IEEE International Conference on. - : IEEE. - 9781457720529 ; , s. 5751-5756
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A major challenge for wireless networks is to minimize the energy consumption in the mobile devices. This work evaluates potential performance gains of a dual-radio architecture in which a low power radio is used to wake up the primary high power radio. Our targeted domain is opportunistic communication directly between devices. We show that it can significantly reduce the energy consumption at a price of slightly decreased goodput. We also examine the effect of the MAC protocol on the performance of the dual-radio system and we point out that in dense scenarios MAC layer protocols, such as of 802.15.4, do not perform well. We observe that information on device density of an environment can be used to address this shortcoming.
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| 29. |
- Mittal, Ayush, et al.
(författare)
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Some Thermodynamic Aspects of the Oxides of Chromium
- 2014
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Ingår i: Metallurgical and materials transactions. B, process metallurgy and materials processing science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1073-5615 .- 1543-1916. ; 45:2, s. 338-344
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To understand Cr emissions from slag melts to a vapor phase, an assessment of the stabilities of the chromium oxides at high temperatures has been carried out. The objective of the present study is to present a set of consistent data corresponding to the thermodynamic properties of the oxides of chromium, with special reference to the emission of hexavalent chromium from slags. In the current work, critical analysis of the experimental data available and a third analysis in the case of Cr2O3 have been carried out. Commercial databases, Fact Sage and ThermoCalc along with NIST-JANAF Thermochemical Tables, have been used for the analysis and comparisons of the results that are presented. The significant discrepancies in the available data have been pointed out. The data from NIST-JANAF Thermochemical Tables have been found to provide a set of consistent data for the various chromium oxides. An Ellingham diagram and the equations for the Delta G degrees (standard Gibbs free energy change) of formation of CrOx have been proposed. The present analysis shows that CrO3(g) is likely to be emitted from slag melts at high oxygen partial pressures.
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