| 1. |
- Seifullaev, Ruslan, 1989-
(författare)
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Harvesting Based Communications for Wireless Control Systems : Event-Trigger and Reinforcement Learning Based Transmission Policies
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Wireless control systems have gained considerable attention in recent years due to their numerous advantages, including increased flexibility and scalability, reduced wiring complexity, and cost-efficiency. Despite these benefits, the use of communication networks in control loops poses various challenges, such as sampled data, latency, packet dropouts, etc. Moreover, in contrast to wired connections, wireless control systems present a new essential challenge – energy consumption. To mitigate this issue, we can use energy harvesting, which involves the conversion of ambient energy sources into usable electrical energy. However, the successful use of harvesting technologies in wireless control systems requires appropriate control methods, transmission policies, accurate harvesting models, and a good understanding of communication channel behavior.In this thesis, we present two approaches for designing suitable transmission policies. The first one is event-triggered control, which can reduce the number of transmissions over the network and guarantee system stability. We use the input delay approach and the Lyapunov technique to obtain exponential stability conditions formulated as linear matrix inequalities. If the system contains external inputs, we analyze it in terms of input-to-state stability. Additionally, we investigate event-triggered control with packet dropouts. For this case, we represent the initial system as a stochastic impulsive system and obtain conditions that guarantee mean-square exponential stability.The second approach is based on reinforcement learning, where the transmission policy is designed as a trade-off between control performance and energy consumption. Implementing such policies requires knowledge of harvested and transmitted energy. The latter, in turn, is highly dependent on the communication channel state, which therefore needs to be estimated as well. These two issues are also addressed in this thesis.
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| 2. |
- Östh Gustafsson, Hampus, 1989-
(författare)
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Folkhemmets styvbarn : Humanioras legitimitet i svensk kunskapspolitik 1935–1980
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study investigates how the legitimacy of the humanities was renegotiated in the context of Swedish politics of knowledge 1935–1980, a period that saw the establishment of a new regime of legitimacy based on rational planning. While higher education and research in general expanded and were turned into prioritised sectors of the welfare state, the humanities were not successfully integrated into the new regime. Using the perspective of the sociology of expectations, I demonstrate how the humanities were excluded from progressive narratives focused on material welfare. In contrast to other categories of knowledge, such as science, technology, medicine, and the social sciences, the Swedish humanities were described as traditional and elitist, and eventually depicted as exceptionally marginalised from a transnational point of view.Using a diverse range of sources from the borderland between science and politics – such as reports from university commissions, conference proceedings, and programmatic articles in the press – this historicising analysis of shifting alliances, negotiations and contests of legitimacy fills an important gap, since previous work on the history of the humanities lacks comprehensive empirical studies on the formation of the discourse of marginalisation. Transcending common interpretations of the so-called "crisis of the humanities" that either focus on the new left circa 1968, or the rise of neo-liberalism about a decade later, I demonstrate that the humanities encountered severe challenges at an earlier stage than is generally assumed, and also how they were marginalised in a context of increasing prosperity. The study illuminates how crisis rhetorics were eventually included in novel strategies of legitimation in the 1970s, as humanities scholars more actively attempted to improve their positions in contrast to previous generations who rather sought to adapt the humanities to the standards of the predominating regime of legitimacy.One of the most common claims for the value of the humanities in current debates stresses their particular function for democracy. This dissertation problematises this claim by using historical cases which emphasise a strained relationship between the humanities and democracy. Specifically, I show how the Swedish humanities struggled to adapt to the new egalitarian democratic society of the 20th century welfare state. In this way, the dissertation provides much-needed nuances to ongoing debates on the legitimacy of the humanities.
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| 3. |
- Folkersen, Lasse, et al.
(författare)
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Genomic and drug target evaluation of 90 cardiovascular proteins in 30,931 individuals.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature metabolism. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2522-5812. ; 2:10, s. 1135-1148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Circulating proteins are vital in human health and disease and are frequently used as biomarkers for clinical decision-making or as targets for pharmacological intervention. Here, we map and replicate protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) for 90 cardiovascular proteins in over 30,000 individuals, resulting in 451 pQTLs for 85 proteins. For each protein, we further perform pathway mapping to obtain trans-pQTL gene and regulatory designations. We substantiate these regulatory findings with orthogonal evidence for trans-pQTLs using mouse knockdown experiments (ABCA1 and TRIB1) and clinical trial results (chemokine receptors CCR2 and CCR5), with consistent regulation. Finally, we evaluate known drug targets, and suggest new target candidates or repositioning opportunities using Mendelian randomization. This identifies 11 proteins with causal evidence of involvement in human disease that have not previously been targeted, including EGF, IL-16, PAPPA, SPON1, F3, ADM, CASP-8, CHI3L1, CXCL16, GDF15 and MMP-12. Taken together, these findings demonstrate the utility of large-scale mapping of the genetics of the proteome and provide a resource for future precision studies of circulating proteins in human health.
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| 4. |
- Forsling, Robin, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Conservative Linear Unbiased Estimation Under Partially Known Covariances
- 2022
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. - : IEEE. - 1053-587X .- 1941-0476. ; 70, s. 3123-3135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mean square error optimal estimation requires the full correlation structure to be available. Unfortunately, it is not always possible to maintain full knowledge about the correlations. One example is decentralized data fusion where the cross-correlations between estimates are unknown, partly due to information sharing. To avoid underestimating the covariance of an estimate in such situations, conservative estimation is one option. In this paper the conservative linear unbiased estimator is formalized including optimality criteria. Fundamental bounds of the optimal conservative linear unbiased estimator are derived. A main contribution is a general approach for computing the proposed estimator based on robust optimization. Furthermore, it is shown that several existing estimation algorithms are special cases of the optimal conservative linear unbiased estimator. An evaluation verifies the theoretical considerations and shows that the optimization based approach performs better than existing conservative estimation methods in certain cases.
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| 5. |
- Melander, Ida, 1991-
(författare)
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Att göra sin röst hörd : Sjukdomsförhandlande diskurser, genrer och berättelser om endometrios
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The main purpose of this thesis is to describe how situated health-related meaning-making about endometriosis is accomplished in three different health-related contexts. Health communication is ever relevant; throughout history, people have become ill, thought about their health and, in many cases, sought care. It is also a shifting practice, in the sense that it changes over time. This thesis explores health communication and negotiations of health and illness in three patient-oriented, alternative and new settings: knowledge negotiations in online discussion forums, seeking care through so-called ‘self-referrals’, and multimodal illness narratives.Specifically, meaning-making about endometriosis is explored. Endometriosis is a chronic condition which, despite its high prevalence, is still relatively unknown, both in society at large and in actual healthcare encounters. This makes the disease a good example to highlight texts and interaction as health communication.The thesis combines a discourse analytical and social semiotic framework, which entails a focus on knowledge, power and available resources for communicating about a disease. In the first study, discussion forum threads dealing with endometriosis are analyzed, showing how illness is negotiated by means of personal and particular experiences. In the second study, self-referrals written for specialist care are explored as an emergent genre, specifically highlighting the resources used to argue for care, as well as patients’ experiences of seeking care in this way. Finally, the third study analyzes illness narratives on Instagram, showing how illness is narrated on a specific platform, within a specific community.Collectively, the three studies shine a light on different ways of participating in health-related settings, and how this is tied to expertise, personal experience, and patient agency. The thesis also contributes to our understanding of how illness communities are formed: the typical patient emerging is active and knowledgeable, fights for care and endures being questioned by a poor quality healthcare service.
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| 6. |
- Ström, Edvin, 1992-
(författare)
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Influence of fruit, meal distribution and dental health on cardio-metabolic risk
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background Fruit is often recommended as a snack between meals and a main component of the cardioprotective Mediterranean diet. The sugar content might be of concern since it theoretically could lead to hepatic fat accumulation and affect dental status negatively. Dental status is associated with cardiovascular disease, but subjective dental health’s association has barely been studied. The aim of this thesis was to study dietary recommendations, as in fruit consumption and meal frequency, and their effect on cardio-metabolic risk factors and dental status. Another aim was to study dissatisfaction with teeth as a marker of cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes. Methods Paper I-II studied the effect of extra fruit or nuts as a snack between meals on hepatic fat content and dental status. A study population of 30 young, healthy, normal-weight participants were recruited and randomized to each intervention by 1:1 allotment. The amount of hepatic fat content (HFC) was quantified by MRI-examination. Dental status was investigated by the same licensed dentist. In both cases were examinators blinded to the allotted intervention. Other parameters were markers cardiometabolic risk, inflammatory markers, and vitamin levels. Paper III is a randomized cross-over study with the primary outcome of post-prandial energy expenditure after varying meal frequency and fat- /carbohydrate content in fourteen study participants. In parallel the hormones ghrelin and GLP-1 were measured as secondary outcomes. There were 4 types of test meals served with either a single large drink of 750 kcal or divided into five smaller drinks (150 kcal) with the same total energy content in a series every 30 minutes for 2.5 hours. Macronutrient content was varied by low- or high carbohydrate content (54.9 E%/20.0 E%). Protein content was similar (9.9 E%). The remainder of energy was from fat. Paper IV explored the association between dissatisfaction with teeth and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) defined as hospitalization or death due to myocardial infarction or stroke in a population of 601 available cases with type 2 diabetes in primary care. The Cox regression was adjusted for age, sex, inflammation, BMI, duration of diabetes, HbA1c, total cholesterol, office systolic blood pressure, prior MACE, currently smoking, marital status, being born in Sweden, self-reported stress, and self-reported happiness. Paper V investigated the association of self-reported frequency of consumed bananas, apples/pears, and oranges/citrus fruit with office- and home blood pressure in a study population of 2 283 available participants. Adjustments were made for the covariates sex, age, BMI, smoking, alcohol consumption, salt consumption, educational level, physical activity, HbA1c, total cholesterol and S-creatinine levels in a multivariable linear regression. Subgroup analysis by sex was also performed. Results In paper I there was no change in HFC in either group. There was a decrease in number of deep gingival pockets in the fruit group with a statistically significant different change compared to the nut group as sign of a potentially improved dental status. In paper III post-prandial energy expenditure was higher after one large drink compared to the series of smaller drinks and the drinks with high-carbohydrate content. GLP-1 levels were higher after the large drink, while similar with varying fat-/carbohydrate content. Ghrelin did not differ at any test occasion at group level. Paper IV revealed an increased risk of MACE when dissatisfied with teeth independent of sex, age, and inflammation. When also adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors and socio-psychological factors the increased risk was attenuated. Paper V showed an independent association between lower systolic- and diastolic home blood pressures for apples/pears and oranges/citrus fruits in total study population. Diastolic home blood pressure was independently associated with all types of fruit consumption in women only. Conclusions Fruit as snack in addition to habitual diet in quantities greater than the minimum recommended amount did not increased HFC. Periodontal status was improved in the fruit group with a statistically significant change compared to the nut group. The acute effects of a large meal compared to a series of smaller and high-carbohydrate content resulted in a higher post-prandial energy expenditure. Dissatisfaction with teeth could help determine cardiovascular risk associated with a range of biological and social factors. Fruit consumption was independently associated with lower home blood pressure, predominately diastolic blood pressure in women. There is an undeniable opportunity for future collaboration between health care and dental health care to further expand the knowledge and increase the evidence behind dietary recommendations promoting general- and dental health.
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| 7. |
- Broadaway, K Alaine, et al.
(författare)
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Loci for insulin processing and secretion provide insight into type 2 diabetes risk.
- 2023
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Ingår i: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : Elsevier. - 0002-9297 .- 1537-6605. ; 110:2, s. 284-299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insulin secretion is critical for glucose homeostasis, and increased levels of the precursor proinsulin relative to insulin indicate pancreatic islet beta-cell stress and insufficient insulin secretory capacity in the setting of insulin resistance. We conducted meta-analyses of genome-wide association results for fasting proinsulin from 16 European-ancestry studies in 45,861 individuals. We found 36 independent signals at 30 loci (p value < 5 × 10-8), which validated 12 previously reported loci for proinsulin and ten additional loci previously identified for another glycemic trait. Half of the alleles associated with higher proinsulin showed higher rather than lower effects on glucose levels, corresponding to different mechanisms. Proinsulin loci included genes that affect prohormone convertases, beta-cell dysfunction, vesicle trafficking, beta-cell transcriptional regulation, and lysosomes/autophagy processes. We colocalized 11 proinsulin signals with islet expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) data, suggesting candidate genes, including ARSG, WIPI1, SLC7A14, and SIX3. The NKX6-3/ANK1 proinsulin signal colocalized with a T2D signal and an adipose ANK1 eQTL signal but not the islet NKX6-3 eQTL. Signals were enriched for islet enhancers, and we showed a plausible islet regulatory mechanism for the lead signal in the MADD locus. These results show how detailed genetic studies of an intermediate phenotype can elucidate mechanisms that may predispose one to disease.
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| 8. |
- Chalangar, Ebrahim, PhD student, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis of Vertically Aligned ZnO Nanorods Using Sol-gel Seeding and Colloidal Lithography Patterning
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nanoscale Research Letters. - Heidelberg : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1931-7573 .- 1556-276X. ; 16:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Different ZnO nanostructures can be grown using low-cost chemical bath deposition. Although this technique is cost-efficient and flexible, the final structures are usually randomly oriented and hardly controllable in terms of homogeneity and surface density. In this work, we use colloidal lithography to pattern (100) silicon substrates to fully control the nanorods' morphology and density. Moreover, a sol-gel prepared ZnO seed layer was employed to compensate for the lattice mismatch between the silicon substrate and ZnO nanorods. The results show a successful growth of vertically aligned ZnO nanorods with controllable diameter and density in the designated openings in the patterned resist mask deposited on the seed layer. Our method can be used to fabricate optimized devices where vertically ordered ZnO nanorods of high crystalline quality are crucial for the device performance.
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| 9. |
- Ekström, Anders, Professor, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction : Politics of Knowledge and the Modern History of the Humanities
- 2022. - 1
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Ingår i: The Humanities and the Modern Politics of Knowledge. - : Amsterdam University Press. - 9789463728867 - 9789048555024 ; , s. 7-35
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The history of the humanities needs to move beyond the focus on tra-ditional disciplines and historicize notions regarding the impact andorganization of the humanities in a long historical perspective. The presentedited volume, based on case studies of Sweden in the modern period,provides an important contribution to such an endeavor. This introductionproposes an analytical framework by special reference to “knowledgepolitics,” a concept that allows a flexible and aggregated examination ofhow societies have valued and politicized the organization, balancing,and circulation of knowledge on a broad scale. The national case in pointprovides illuminating insights into how the humanities over time had torelate to various regimes of legitimacy and enables comparisons on aninternational scale.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Pape Møller, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Interaction of climate change with effects of conspecific and heterospecific density on reproduction
- 2020
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Ingår i: Oikos. - : Wiley. - 0030-1299 .- 1600-0706. ; 129:12, s. 1807-1819
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We studied the relationship between temperature and the coexistence of great tit Parus major and blue tit Cyanistes caeruleus, breeding in 75 study plots across Europe and North Africa. We expected an advance in laying date and a reduction in clutch size during warmer springs as a general response to climate warming and a delay in laying date and a reduction in clutch size during warmer winters due to density‐dependent effects. As expected, as spring temperature increases laying date advances and as winter temperature increases clutch size is reduced in both species. Density of great tit affected the relationship between winter temperature and laying date in great and blue tit. Specifically, as density of great tit increased and temperature in winter increased both species started to reproduce later. Density of blue tit affected the relationship between spring temperature and blue and great tit laying date. Thus, both species start to reproduce earlier with increasing spring temperature as density of blue tit increases, which was not an expected outcome, since we expected that increasing spring temperature should advance laying date, while increasing density should delay it cancelling each other out. Climate warming and its interaction with density affects clutch size of great tits but not of blue tits. As predicted, great tit clutch size is reduced more with density of blue tits as temperature in winter increases. The relationship between spring temperature and density on clutch size of great tits depends on whether the increase is in density of great tit or blue tit. Therefore, an increase in temperature negatively affected the coexistence of blue and great tits differently in both species. Thus, blue tit clutch size was unaffected by the interaction effect of density with temperature, while great tit clutch size was affected in multiple ways by these interactions terms.
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| 12. |
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