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- Cliffordson, Christina, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Meritpoäng skapar orättvisa
- 2007
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Ingår i: Dagens Nyheter. - Stockholm : Dagens Nyheter. - 1101-2447.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Lena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Association of IQ scores and school achievement with suicide in a 40-year follow-up of a Swedish cohort.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 1600-0447 .- 0001-690X. ; 118:2, s. 99-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Few studies have investigated the association of childhood IQ and school achievement with suicide. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of childhood IQ with suicide in a cohort of Swedish women and men. METHOD: 21 809 subjects born in 1948 and 1953 who completed IQ and school tests at age 13 years have been followed until 2003. Information on paternal education and in-patient care for psychosis was linked using the Swedish personal identification number. RESULTS: There were 180 suicides amongst subjects with measured IQ. High IQ was associated with reduced suicide risk among men (OR per unit increase in age-adjusted model 0.90, 95% CI 0.83-0.99), while there was no statistical evidence of an association in women (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.90-1.20). Among men with a history of psychosis, high IQ was associated with an increased risk of suicide. CONCLUSION: Low childhood IQ at age 13 years is associated with an increased risk of suicide in men but not in women; however, amongst those with psychosis, low IQ appears to be protective.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Lena, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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The Association of IQ Scores and School Achievement With Suicide in a 40-year Follow-Up of a Swedish Cohort
- 2008
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Ingår i: 10th International Congress of Behavioural Medicine, Drawing from traditional sources and basic research to improve health of individuals, communities and populations, August 27-30, 2008 Tokyo, Japan.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this study we have used longitudinal Swedish data with a follow up period of 40 years and included data on both men and women. By using the Swedish personal identification number, educational data (IQ- and school tests) were linked with the National Cause of Death Register, identifying all suicides in the cohorts up to 31st December 2003 and linkage was also made with the National Inpatient Register.Data on childhood socioeconomic status was also included. Our analysis identified gender differences and four broad patterns of associations between tests of intelligence and school performance at age 13 and later suicide risk. Early detection and appropriate interventions amongst children with low cognitive ability may be important in order to prevent future psychiatric disorders and suicide risk. Strategies for better cognitive function implemented in childhood and adolescence may contribute to improved adult health. Increased knowledge of mental health status and suicide risk among high performing females also needs further elucidation.
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- Davidov, Eldad, et al.
(författare)
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Does Money Matter? A Theory-Driven Growth Mixture Model to Explain Travel-Mode Choice with Experimental Data
- 2006
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Ingår i: Methodology. - : Hogrefe Publishing Group. - 1614-1881 .- 1614-2241. ; 2:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present article we apply a growth mixture model using Mplus via STREAMS to delineate the mechanism underlying travel-mode choice. Three waves of an experimental field study conducted in Frankfurt Main, Germany, are applied for the statistical analysis. Five major questions are addressed: (1) whether the choice of public transport rather than the car changes over time; (2) whether a soft policy intervention to change travel mode choice has any effect on the travel-mode chosen; (3) whether one can identify different groups of people regarding the importance allocated to monetary and time considerations for the decision of which travel mode to use; (4) whether the different subgroups of people have different initial states and rates of change in their travel-model choices; (5) whether sociodemographic variables have an additional effect on the latent class variables and on the changes in travel-mode choice over time. We also found that choice of public transportation in our study is stable over time. Moreover, the intervention has an effect only on one of the classes. We identify four classes of individuals. One class allocates a low importance to both monetary and time considerations, the second allocates high importance to money and low importance to time, the third allocates high importance to both, and the fourth allocates a low importance to money and a high importance to time. We found no difference in the patterns of travel-mode changes over time in the four classes. We also found some additional effects of sociodemographic characteristics on the latent class variables and on behavior in the different classes. The model specification and the empirical findings are discussed in light of the theory of the allocation of time of Gary Becker.
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- Gustafsson, Jan-Eric, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Abilities and grades as predictors of achievement: The Encapsulation theory
- 2006
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the symposium "The investment theory of intelligence: New evidence, new challenges" given at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, New Orleans, August 10-13, 2006.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Gustafsson, Jan-Eric, 1949
(författare)
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Effects of International Comparative Studies on Educational Quality on the Quality of Educational Research
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Educational Research Journal. - : SAGE Publications. - 1474-9041. ; 7:1, s. 1-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Large-scale survey studies of educational achievement are becoming increasingly frequent, and they are visibly present in both educational policy debates and within the educational research community. One main aim of these studies is to provide descriptions of inputs, processes and outcomes, and another aim is to provide explanations of how different factors interrelate to produce educational outcomes. These aims are difficult to reach, which in combination with the fact that the comparative studies are typically more policy driven than theory driven, are reasons why these studies are contested on quality grounds. In this article, a set of fundamental methodological challenges related to the validity of the measurement instruments and to the possibility of making inferences about causality are identified and discussed in relation to examples of different studies. Strengths and weaknesses of different research approaches are discussed, and it is proposed that the dichotomy between qualitative and quantitative approaches should be replaced with distinctions between low-and high-level inference approaches with respect to data, generalization and explanation. It is concluded that while the international studies easily invite misuse and misinterpretation, they also offer possibilities for improving the quality of educational research, because the high-quality data generated by these studies can be taken advantage of in research on causal effects of factors in and out of educational systems.
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- Gustafsson, Jan-Eric, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Resultatförändringar i svensk grundskola
- 2009
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Ingår i: Vad påverkar resultaten i svensk grundskola? Kunskapsöversikt om betydelsen av olika faktorer. - Stockholm : Skolverket. - 9789185545674 ; , s. 40-85
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 21. |
- Gustafsson, Jan-Eric, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Resursers betydelse för elevers resultat
- 2009
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Ingår i: Vad påverkar resultaten i svensk grundskola? Kunskapsöversikt om betydelsen av olika faktorer. - Stockholm : Skolverket. - 9789185545674 ; , s. 160-207
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 24. |
- Gustafsson, Jan-Eric, 1949
(författare)
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Strukturell ekvationsmodellering
- 2009
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Ingår i: Djurfeldt, G., Barmark, M. (Red). Statistisk verktygslåda 2. Multivariat analys. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9144051603
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 26. |
- Gustafsson, Jan-Eric, 1949
(författare)
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Understanding casual influences on educational achievement through analysis of differences over time within countries. Invited keynote address presented at the 2nd IEA International Research Conference, Washington, DC, November 8-11, 2006
- 2006
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Ingår i: Invited keynote address presented at the 2nd IEA International Research Conference, Washington, DC, November 8-11, 2006.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 32. |
- Myrberg, Eva, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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Trends in Recruitment to Teacher Education
- 2009
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the EARLI 13th Biennal Confernce, Amsterdam,Netherlands, August 2009.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Rosén, Monica, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Lesekompetanse på 3. og 4. klassetrinn
- 2008
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Ingår i: Det er språket som bestemmer! Læring og språkutvikling i grunnskolen.. - Bergen : Fagbokforl.. - 9788245006155
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 37. |
- Rosén, Monica, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Läskompetens i skolår 3 och skolår 4
- 2006
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Ingår i: Det hänger på språket. Lärande och utveckling i grundskolan. - Lund : Studentlitteratur. - 9144039174
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 38. |
- Rosén, Monica, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of PIRLS 2001 in Sweden
- 2007
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Ingår i: In K. Schwippert (Ed.), Progress in Reading Literacy - the Impact of PIRLS 2001 in 13 countries (Studies in International Comparative and Multicultural Education, Vol 7). - Münster : IEA & Waxman Publishing Co. - 9783830917595 ; , s. 227-242
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 45. |
- Sundgren, Mats, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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- 2005
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Ingår i: R &D Management. - : Wiley. - 0033-6807 .- 1467-9310. ; 35:4, s. 359-374
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A path model of organizational creativity was presented; it conceptualized the influences of information sharing, learning culture, motivation, and networking on creative climate. A structural equation model was fitted to data from the pharmaceutical industry to test the proposed model. The model accounted for 86% of the variance in the creative climate-dependent variable. Information sharing had a positive effect on learning culture, which in turn had a positive effect on creative climate, while there were negative direct effects of information sharing on creative climate and on intrinsic motivation. This study suggests that information sharing and intrinsic motivation are important drivers for organizational creativity in a complex R&D environment in the pharmaceutical industry. Implications of the model are discussed.
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| 46. |
- Sundgren, Mats, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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- 2005
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Ingår i: R and D Management. - : Wiley. - 0033-6807 .- 1467-9310. ; 35:4, s. 359-374
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A path model of organizational creativity was presented; it conceptualized the influences of information sharing, learning culture, motivation, and networking on creative climate. A structural equation model was fitted to data from the pharmaceutical industry to test the proposed model. The model accounted for 86% of the variance in the creative climate-dependent variable. Information sharing had a positive effect on learning culture, which in turn had a positive effect on creative climate, while there were negative direct effects of information sharing on creative climate and on intrinsic motivation. This study suggests that information sharing and intrinsic motivation are important drivers for organizational creativity in a complex R&D environment in the pharmaceutical industry. Implications of the model are discussed.
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