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- Khuyagbaatar, J., et al.
(författare)
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48Ca+249Bk Fusion Reaction Leading to Element Z=117: Long-Lived α-Decaying 270Db and Discovery of 266Lr
- 2014
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114. ; 112:17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The superheavy element with atomic number Z=117 was produced as an evaporation residue in the 48Ca+249Bk fusion reaction at the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA at GSI Darmstadt, Germany. The radioactive decay of evaporation residues and their α-decay products was studied using a detection setup that allowed measuring decays of single atomic nuclei with half-lives between sub-μs and a few days. Two decay chains comprising seven α decays and a spontaneous fission each were identified and are assigned to the isotope 294-117 and its decay products. A hitherto unknown α-decay branch in 270Db (Z=105) was observed, which populated the new isotope 266Lr (Z=103). The identification of the long-lived (T1/2=1.0+1.9−0.4 h) α-emitter 270Db marks an important step towards the observation of even more long-lived nuclei of superheavy elements located on an “island of stability.”
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| 5. |
- Yakushev, A., et al.
(författare)
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Superheavy Element Flerovium (Element 114) Is a Volatile Metal
- 2014
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Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-510X .- 0020-1669. ; 53:3, s. 1624-1629
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The electronic structure of superheavy elements (Z ≥ 104) and their chemical properties are dominated by relativistic effects. Recently two superheavy elements were recognized by the IUPAC and named flerovium (Fl, Z = 114) and livermorium (Lv, Z = 116). Fl is the heaviest element with which chemical experiments were performed. Here, we report on experiments that help answering the long-standing question whether Fl behaves rather like a noble gas or like a metal.
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- Cerantola, Yannick, et al.
(författare)
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Guidelines for perioperative care after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer : enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS(®)) society recommendations
- 2013
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - Edinburgh, UK : Churchill-Livingstone. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 32:6, s. 879-887
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathways have significantly reduced complications and length of hospital stay after colorectal procedures. This multimodal concept could probably be partially applied to major urological surgery.OBJECTIVES: The primary objective was to systematically assess the evidence of ERAS single items and protocols applied to cystectomy patients. The secondary objective was to address a grade of recommendation to each item, based on the evidence and, if lacking, on consensus opinion from our ERAS Society working group.EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A systematic literature review was performed on ERAS for cystectomy by searching EMBASE and Medline. Relevant articles were selected and quality-assessed by two independent reviewers using the GRADE approach. If no study specific to cystectomy was available for any of the 22 given items, the authors evaluated whether colorectal guidelines could be extrapolated.EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Overall, 804 articles were retrieved from electronic databases. Fifteen articles were included in the present systematic review and 7 of 22 ERAS items were studied. Bowel preparation did not improve outcomes. Early nasogastric tube removal reduced morbidity, bowel recovery time and length of hospital stay. Doppler-guided fluid administration allowed for reduced morbidity. A quicker bowel recovery was observed with a multimodal prevention of ileus, including gum chewing, prevention of PONV and minimally invasive surgery.CONCLUSIONS: ERAS has not yet been widely implemented in urology and evidence for individual interventions is limited or unavailable. The experience in other surgical disciplines encourages the development of an ERAS protocol for cystectomy.
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| 8. |
- Graeger, R., et al.
(författare)
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Experimental Study of the 238U(36S,3-5n)269-271Hs Reaction Leading to the Observation of 270Hs
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813. ; 81:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The deformed doubly magic nucleus (270)Hs has so far only been observed as the four-neutron (4n) evaporation residue of the reaction Mg-26+Cm-248, where a maximum cross section of 3 pb was measured. Theoretical studies on the formation of (270)Hs in the 4n evaporation channel of fusion reactions with different entrance channel asymmetry in the framework of a two-parameter Smoluchowski equation predict that the reactions Ca-48+Ra-226 and S-36+U-238 result in higher cross sections due to lower reaction Q values, in contrast to simple arguments based on the reaction asymmetry, which predict opposite trends. Calculations using HIVAP predict cross sections for the reaction S-36+U-238 that are similar to those of the Mg-26+Cm-248 reaction. Here, we report on the first measurement of evaporation residues formed in the complete nuclear fusion reaction S-36+U-238 and the observation of (270)Hs, which is produced in the 4n evaporation channel, with a measured cross section of 0.8(-0.7)(+2.6) pb at 51-MeV excitation energy. The one-event cross-section limits (68% confidence level) for the 3n, 4n, and 5n evaporation channels at 39-MeV excitation energy are 2.9 pb, while the cross-section limits of the 3n and 5n channel at 51 MeV are 1.5 pb. This is significantly lower than the 5n cross section of the Mg-26+Cm-248 reaction at similar excitation energy.
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- Micke, O., et al.
(författare)
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Traditional European Medicine : Hildegard von Bingen and beyond
- 2011
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Ingår i: Trace elements and electrolytes. - 0946-2104. ; 28:3, s. 150-155
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The term Traditional European Medicine (TEM) was coined analogous to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). In the German-speaking areas, the so called Hildegard Medicine (HM) is very popular and according to a national survey, about 3% of German residents believe in HM. Their thoughts of unity and holistic care are based on the belief that cure and salvation are only possible in the devotion to God, who is the "great healer". Disease is an imbalance and health a balance of the soul. Her works are written in Latin and a visionary language and are therefore not intended for use by laymen. They are difficult to understand and leave a lot of room for interpretation. The currently popular term "Hildegard Medicine" cannot be found in her original writings. About 30 years ago, the ideas of Hildegard von Bingen have been readdressed by two physicians, Gottfried Hertzka and Wighard Strehlow. They are suggesting the drugs as well as Hildegard's dietary recommendations as an appropriate medical healing system for today. Hertzka and Strehlow follow a highly commercialized attempt while suggesting that the medical recommendations by Hildegard are of divine origin. This, however, cannot be true as the medical texts compiled by Hildegard are not relying on her visionary experiences as do their religious treatises. In conclusion, HM represents a typical example of current complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Thus, one should state that the actual importance of the remarkable person Hildegard must not be seen as a recommendation for today's therapy but in the fact that she compiled medieval medical knowledge. Under the name of HM, poorly defined overpriced preparations are distributed. Treatment following the principles of HM for serious or malignant disorders is strongly discouraged.
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| 12. |
- Senderek, J, et al.
(författare)
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Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway Mutations Cause Neuromuscular Transmission Defect
- 2011
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Ingår i: American journal of human genetics. - 0002-9297. ; 88:2, s. 162-172
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) are synapses that transmit impulses from motor neurons to skeletal muscle fibers leading to muscle contraction. Study of hereditary disorders of neuromusculartransmission, termed congenital myasthenic syndromes (CMS), has helped elucidate fundamental processes influencing development and function of the nerve-muscle synapse. Using genetic linkage, we find 18 different biallelic mutations in the gene encoding glutamine-fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 1 (GFPT1) in 13 unrelated families with an autosomal recessive CMS. Consistent with these data, downregulation of the GFPT1 ortholog gfpt1 in zebrafish embryos altered muscle fiber morphology and impaired neuromuscular junction development. GFPT1 is the key enzyme of the hexosaminepathway yielding the amino sugar UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, an essential substrate for protein glycosylation. Our findings provide further impetus to study the glycobiology of NMJ and synapses in general.
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