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- Khosravani, Nina, et al.
(författare)
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Facial nerve section induces transient changes in sensitivity to methacholine and in acetylcholine synthesis in the rat parotid gland.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Arch Oral Biol. ; 51:9, s. 736-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nerves exert long-term influences on the salivary glands as e.g. revealed by increases in sensitivity to secretagogues following nerve degeneration. The objective was to study the effect of unilateral facial nerve section on the sensitivity of the parotid secretory cells 2-3 weeks postoperatively, i.e. at a time when the sensitisation is thought to be fully developed. Comparisons were made between pair of glands. However, no increase in the secretory response to increasing intravenous doses of methacholine of the duct-cannulated gland on the operated side was found; neither were any decrease in the acetylcholine synthesizing capacity of the gland found. In contrast, a slight supersensitivity had developed 1 week postoperatively supporting the idea of a functional influence of the facial nerve on the secretory cells under normal conditions. Furthermore, the results combined with the previous finding of ours of decreased acetylcholine synthesis in the parotid gland 1 week after facial nerve section, suggest a rapid restitution of the nervous influence on the secretory cells between 1 and 2-3 weeks postoperatively.
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| 2. |
- Khosravani, Nina, et al.
(författare)
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The facial nerve and its influence on the parotid gland.
- 2006
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Ingår i: 3rd International Symposium on salivary glands in honor of Niels Stensen, eds Murakami M, Suigya A, Riva A, Okazaki Conference Center, NINS, Japan, October 20-24.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Khosravani, Nina, et al.
(författare)
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The otic ganglion in rats and its parotid connection: cholinergic pathways, reflex secretion and a secretory role for the facial nerve.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Exp Physiol. ; 91:1, s. 239-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Otic ganglionectomy in rats was found to have affected the parotid gland more profoundly than section of the auriculotemporal nerve as assessed by reduction in gland weight (by 33 versus 20%) and total acetylcholine synthesizing capacity (by 88 versus 76%) 1 week postoperatively and, when assessed on the day of surgery under adrenoceptor blockade, by reflex secretion (by 99 versus 88%). The facial nerve contributed to the acetylcholine synthesizing capacity of the gland. Section of the nerve only, at the level of the stylomastoid foramen, reduced the acetylcholine synthesis by 15% and, combined with otic ganglionectomy, by 98% or, combined with section of the auriculotemporal nerve, by 82%. The facial nerve was secretory to the gland, and the response was of a cholinergic nature. The nerve conveyed reflex secretion of saliva and caused secretion of saliva upon stimulation. Most of the facial secretory nerve fibres originated from the otic ganglion, since after otic ganglionectomy (and allowing for nerve degeneration) the secretory response to facial nerve stimulation was markedly reduced (from 23 to 4 microl (5 min)(-1)). The persisting secretory response after otic ganglionectomy, exaggerated due to sensitization, and the residual acetylcholine synthesizing capacity (mainly depending on the facial nerve) showed that a minor proportion of pre- and postganglionic nerve fibres relay outside the otic ganglion. The great auricular nerve, which like the facial nerve penetrates the gland, caused no secretion of saliva upon stimulation. Avulsion of the auriculotemporal nerve was more effective than otic ganglionectomy in reducing the acetylcholine synthesizing capacity (by 94 versus 88%) and as effective as otic ganglionectomy in abolishing reflex secretion (by 99%). When aiming at parasympathetic denervation, avulsion may be the preferable choice, since it is technically easier to perform than otic ganglionectomy.
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